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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Structure, Status, And Span: Gender Differences In Co-Authorship Networks Across 16 Region-Subject Pairs (2009–2013), Kjersten Bunker Whittington, Molly M. King, Isabella Cingolani
Structure, Status, And Span: Gender Differences In Co-Authorship Networks Across 16 Region-Subject Pairs (2009–2013), Kjersten Bunker Whittington, Molly M. King, Isabella Cingolani
Sociology
Global and team science approaches are on the rise, as is attention to the network underpinnings of gender disparities in scientific collaboration. Many network studies of men’s and women’s collaboration rely on bounded case studies of single disciplines and/or single countries and limited measures related to the collaborative process. We deploy network analysis on the scholarly database Scopus to gain insight into gender inequity across regions and subject areas and to better understand contextual underpinnings of stagnancy. Using a dataset of over 1.2 million authors and 144 million collaborative relationships, we capture international and unbounded co-authorship networks that include intra- …
The Pandemic Penalty: The Gendered Effects Of Covid-19 On Scientific Productivity, Molly M. King, Megan E. Frederickson
The Pandemic Penalty: The Gendered Effects Of Covid-19 On Scientific Productivity, Molly M. King, Megan E. Frederickson
Sociology
Academia serves as a valuable case for studying the effects of social forces on workplace productivity, using a concrete measure of output: scholarly papers. Many academics, especially women, have experienced unprecedented challenges to scholarly productivity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The authors analyze the gender composition of more than 450,000 authorships in the arXiv and bioRxiv scholarly preprint repositories from before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This analysis reveals that the underrepresentation of women scientists in the last authorship position necessary for retention and promotion in the sciences is growing more inequitable. The authors find differences between the …
Prescribing Biases: Evaluating Race And Gender Biases Held By Medical Professionals, Adelaide Scenti
Prescribing Biases: Evaluating Race And Gender Biases Held By Medical Professionals, Adelaide Scenti
Sociology
Evaluating medical professionals implicit racial and gender biases compared to other professions provides a window into medical professionals’ covertly biased behaviors. I examine whether or not medical professionals, compared to other professions, are more likely to hold predisposed racial and gender biases. Analysis of 2000 to 2014 General Social Survey Data (N=4,772) found the framework of implicitly biased behavior against Black and female- identifying individuals held by medical professionals to be faulty. The results from the multivariate regression revealed the opposite of my hypothesis, regarding sexist (pro-natal) attitudes, medical professionals were less likely than other professions to exhibit sexist attitudes. …
Morality At The Margins: Youth, Language, And Islam In Coastal Kenya [Table Of Contents], Sarah Hillewaert
Morality At The Margins: Youth, Language, And Islam In Coastal Kenya [Table Of Contents], Sarah Hillewaert
Sociology
This book considers the day-to-day lives of young Muslims on Kenya’s island of Lamu, who live simultaneously on the edge and in the center. At the margins of the national and international economy and of Western notions of modernity, Lamu’s inhabitants nevertheless find themselves the focus of campaigns against Islamic radicalization and of Western touristic imaginations of the untouched and secluded.
What does it mean to be young, modern, and Muslim here? How are these denominators imagined and enacted in daily encounters? Documenting the everyday lives of Lamu youth, this ethnography explores how young people negotiate cultural, religious, political, and …
Body Weight, Marital Status, And Changes In Marital Status, Jay Teachman
Body Weight, Marital Status, And Changes In Marital Status, Jay Teachman
Sociology
In this article, I use 20 years of data taken from the 1979 National Longitudinal Study of Youth to examine the relationship between body weight and both marital status and changes in marital status. I use a latent growth curve model that allows both fixed and random effects. The results show that living without a partner, either being divorced or never married, is associated with lower body weight. Cohabitors and married respondents tend to weigh more. Marital transitions also matter but only for divorce. Gender does not appear to moderate these results.
Anticipatory Socialization Of Pregnant Women: Learning Fetal Sex And Gendered Interactions, Medora W. Barnes
Anticipatory Socialization Of Pregnant Women: Learning Fetal Sex And Gendered Interactions, Medora W. Barnes
Sociology
Although doctors still frequently call out “It’s a girl!” when a baby girl is born, the majority of mothers now use ultrasound to find out the sex months earlier. This study examines how women who learn the sex of their fetus before birth are engaging in gendered verbal interactions throughout pregnancy. These include types of conversations, usage of gendered pronouns, and calling the unborn baby by a given name. These changes in behaviors by pregnant woman once fetal sex is known can be seen as a form of anticipatory socialization, as they begin to practice the behaviors and values associated …
Gender Differentiation In Paid And Unpaid Work During The Transition To Parenthood, Medora W. Barnes
Gender Differentiation In Paid And Unpaid Work During The Transition To Parenthood, Medora W. Barnes
Sociology
The transition to parenthood may be especially difficult because relationships need to be largely reorganized to meet demanding new challenges. For scholars interested in gender inequality, the transition to parenthood is a critical time in which gender differentiation is generated by both economic and cultural forces. Although newly married childless couples tend to share both paid and unpaid labor rather equally, when men and women become parents, their patterns become increasingly differentiated by gender. Cultural beliefs that emphasize mothers as the primary parent and fathers as secondary reinforce unequal patterns in housework and childcare. Time availability models, bargaining perspectives, and …