Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Burned-Out With Burnout? Insights From Historical Analysis, Renzo Bianchi, Katarzyna Wac, James Francis Sowden, Irvin Sam Schonfeld
Burned-Out With Burnout? Insights From Historical Analysis, Renzo Bianchi, Katarzyna Wac, James Francis Sowden, Irvin Sam Schonfeld
Publications and Research
Fierce debates surround the conceptualization and measurement of job-related distress in occupational health science. The use of burnout as an index of job-related distress, though commonplace, has increasingly been called into question. In this paper, we first highlight foundational problems that undermine the burnout construct and its legacy measure, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Next, we report on advances in research on job-related distress that depart from the use of the burnout construct. Tracing the genesis of the burnout construct, we observe that (a) burnout’s definition was preestablished rather than derived from a rigorous research process and (b) the MBI …
Burnout: Moving Beyond The Status Quo, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Éric Laurent
Burnout: Moving Beyond The Status Quo, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Éric Laurent
Publications and Research
Burnout has been defined as a job-induced syndrome combining emotional exhaustion, depersonalization/cynicism, and a sense of reduced personal accomplishment. In this article, we expand on past analyses of burnout by reviewing key, yet overlooked, problems affecting the construct. We concomitantly examine the implications of these problems for the overall validity of burnout research. Our work shows that burnout research is undermined by 4 main problems. First, what constitutes a case of burnout is unclear. Second, the basic conceptualization and operationalization of burnout are ill aligned. Third, burnout is unlikely to be the specifically job-induced syndrome it has been posited to …
A Critical Review And Analysis Of The State, Scope And Direction Of African-Centered Psychology From 2000-2010, Dereef F. Jamison, Karanja Keita Carroll
A Critical Review And Analysis Of The State, Scope And Direction Of African-Centered Psychology From 2000-2010, Dereef F. Jamison, Karanja Keita Carroll
Publications and Research
This study focuses primarily upon the current state of African-centered psychology through the pages of the Journal of Black Psychology (JBP). Recent literature on African-centered psychology is reviewed and articles published in the JBP from 2000-2010 relative to African-centered psychology are examined. The results of the content analysis of empirical or theoretical articles within the JBP indicated that 90% (n = 221) of the articles were empirical and 10% (n = 25) were theoretical. The results of the content analysis of the schools of thought/ideological orientations within the JBP indicate the following: (1) 30%of the articles (n = 73) were …
A Genealogical Review Of The Worldview Framework In African-Centered Psychology, Karanja Keita Carroll
A Genealogical Review Of The Worldview Framework In African-Centered Psychology, Karanja Keita Carroll
Publications and Research
Of all the subject/content areas within Africana Studies, African-centered (African/Africana/Black) psychology has been instrumental in advancing culturally-specific theory and research. Central to the field of African-centered psychology is the usage of worldview as the conceptual and philosophical framework. This essay provides a genealogical review of the worldview framework as discussed within African-centered psychology. A focus is on understanding the developmental history and usage of worldview as it relates to producing culturally-specific theory and research consistent with the aims and goals of African-centered psychology and Africana Studies.
Occupational Stress And Preemployment Measures: The Case Of Teachers, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Danqing Ruan
Occupational Stress And Preemployment Measures: The Case Of Teachers, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Danqing Ruan
Publications and Research
This paper describes difficulties involved in conducting cross-sectional and longitudinal research on the effects of occupational stressors on the mental and physical health of veteran workers. The difficulties include (1) the disappearance, prior to the beginning of the investigation, of the casualties of job stress (Kasl, 1983) and (2) selection bias. The paper advances the view that an alternative design, one that (1) follows new workers longitudinally, (2) includes preemployment measures of mental and/or physical health, and (3) controls for nonoccupational stressors is warranted. The alternative design allows for (a) the assessment of the extent to which the findings are …
A Methodology For The Study Of Children's Environmental Knowledge In Other Cultures, Cindi Katz
A Methodology For The Study Of Children's Environmental Knowledge In Other Cultures, Cindi Katz
Publications and Research
This paper presents a methodology which I used to study the content and acquisition of children's environmental knowledge as central to the social reproduction of a rural agricultural economy in the Sudan. My approach was forged drawing on methods of geography, linguistics and anthropology to provide information on (1) how children learn to interact productively with their environment, (2) the nature of their interactions and (3) their knowledge of environmental processes and resources. In this paper I will describe first the methodology adopted including participant observation, ethnosemantic interviews, child-led walks, environmental modeling and "geo-dramas". I will then discuss its use …