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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Relationship Between Auditory Working Memory And Statistical Learning In Infancy, Mckenzie Mullins Sheets
The Relationship Between Auditory Working Memory And Statistical Learning In Infancy, Mckenzie Mullins Sheets
Masters Theses
Although previous research indicates that there is a strong relationship between auditory working memory and language skills in children and adults, no studies have explored this relationship in infancy. Working memory develops shortly before the onset of many language abilities in infancy, including the ability to use statistical information to segment words from speech. To track frequent syllable co-occurrences within a speech stream to locate word boundaries, infants must hold auditory information in their mind as one syllable quickly displaces another. Thus, it seems likely that auditory working memory plays a role in statistical learning. In the current study, I …
Exploring The Effects Of Response Type In A Visual Working Memory Task: An Fnirs Study, Rachel Eddings
Exploring The Effects Of Response Type In A Visual Working Memory Task: An Fnirs Study, Rachel Eddings
Masters Theses
Visual working memory (VWM) allows us to hold visual information in mind to be manipulated for a task. Previous research shows that performance varies based on factors such as stimulus modality and number of distractors. This study aimed to explore the effect of response type on VWM performance in 4.5- and 5.5-year-olds. A single-item probe color change detection task and a cued recall with labeling task were administered. The tasks were identical in structure until the response phase of the trial. Neural data were collected using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Both tasks used set-sizes 1-3 and six canonical colors (red, orange, …
Sequential Encoding In Visual Working Memory: In The Absence Of Structure, Recency Determines Performance, Jeffery Durbin
Sequential Encoding In Visual Working Memory: In The Absence Of Structure, Recency Determines Performance, Jeffery Durbin
Masters Theses
Most prior investigations of visual working memory (VWM) presented the to-be-remembered items simultaneously in a static configuration (e.g., Luck & Vogel, 1997). However, in everyday situations, such as driving on a busy multilane highway, items (e.g., cars) are presented sequentially and must be retained to support later actions (e.g., knowing if it’s safe to change lanes). In a simultaneous presentation, the relative positions of items are apparent but for sequential presentation, relative positions must be inferred in relation to the background structure (e.g., highway lane markings). To examine sequential encoding in VWM, we developed a novel task in which dots …
Examining The Effects Of Frustration On Working Memory Capacity In An Emerging Adult Sample, Jonathan Parks Fillauer
Examining The Effects Of Frustration On Working Memory Capacity In An Emerging Adult Sample, Jonathan Parks Fillauer
Masters Theses
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with numerous pejorative outcomes in adults such as low frustration tolerance and deficits in central executive functioning. The present study aims to examine (1) the effect of induced frustration on working memory capacity (WMC) and (2) the unique contribution of ADHD symptoms and other commonly comorbid disorders (i.e., anxiety/depression and alcohol use) to frustration. Participants (N=66) were randomly assigned to either the control group (n=32) or the experimental group (n=34). The Frustration Induction Procedure (FIP) was administered to participants in the experimental group and a neutral, non-frustrating task was administered to a control group. A …