Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Sound The Alarms: Problem Gambling Among Incarcerated Women, Jeff Marotta, Glenn Yamagata, Greta Coe

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Abstract:

In the wake of widespread introduction of electronic gaming machines, reports about the "feminization" of gambling began appearing in the 1990s as more women were gambling, developing problems, and seeking help for problems related to gambling than in the past. More recently, scholars have introduced the concept of 're-feminization of gambling' as females increasing enter the online gambling world. Despite a 20+ year increase in problem gambling among women and the well-established link between forensic populations and problem gambling, the literature base on problem gambling among female criminal offenders is very limited. This presentation will briefly review this literature …

Problem Gambling, General-Strain Theory, And Gender, Michelle Malkin

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Prior research identified a host of factors that increase the likelihood that an individual will become a problem gambler, most of which would be identified by criminologists as “strains” under the framework of General Strain Theory (GST). Yet, GST has not been widely used as a possible explanation for why people become problem gamblers. In addition, there has been little examination of how gender interacts with those variables to affect problem gambling. In this research, I display how propositions from GST provide a framework for understanding why people become problem gamblers and whether gender is a moderating factor in this …

Stoner Nation: The Impact Of Cannabis Use On Gambling Behavior, Jeffrey Marotta Phd, Glenn Yamagata, Greta Coe

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Abstract:

Nearly 40 U.S. states have legalized marijuana use in some form and there are current efforts at the Federal level to reclassify cannabis from its status as a Schedule I drug, the classification meant for the most dangerous substances, to a less restrictive substance. Reclassification would be a first step toward wider legalization, a move backed by most Americans. Because Oregon was an early adopter of legalized recreational cannabis use and has widespread access to more forms of legalized gambling than most states, Oregon could be considered a proving ground for studying the interaction between gambling behaviors and widespread …

Dispositional Greed, Dark Trait, And Problem Gambling, Peter Egbe, Uibinq Lee Ma, Devin Mills Ph.D

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Abstract

Dispositional Greed refers to a person's innate traits and capacity for greed. Researchers can separate the influence of personality from that of the environment on greedy behavior using the Dispositional Greed Scale. Prior research has not yet explored dispositional greed in relation to problem gambling, and whether it is predictive of problem gambling above and beyond the dark traits (i.e., psychopathy [callousness and cynicism], Machiavellianism [strategic exploitation and deception], and narcissism [inflated sense of one’s own importance]). Thus, the present study aims at investigating dispositional greed with the scope of the dark traits to yield an application that sufficiently …

The Nuance Of Mindfulness Among Gamblers And Video Game Players: Empirical Findings From Latent Profile Analysis And Links To Intervention For Problem Gambling And Problem Video Gaming, Vivien Wen Li Anthony, Jackie Stanmyre, Devin Mills Ph.D, Lia Nower

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Abstract: This presentation reviews two studies that investigate different profiles of gamblers and video gamers across five facets of mindfulness and nonattachment using latent profile analyses. Study 1 identified four profiles among 843 adults who gamble (59.9% male, Mage=39 years): High, Moderate and Low Mindfulness, as well as a Judgmentally Unaware profile, characterized by low levels of nonjudging and acting with awareness. Gamblers with the Judgmentally Unware profile demonstrated more frequent gambling, stronger gambling motivations and gambling-related cognitions, more severe problem gambling, and poorer mental health compared to other profiles. Study 2 identified a different four-profile model among 629 …

Gambling-Related Harm And Criminal Activity - Combining Population-Based Finnish Gambling Harms Survey With Register Data, Kalle Lind

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Problem gamblers are at-risk of committing non-violent property crimes to fund their gambling. Not just problem gamblers, but gamblers more broadly may experience gambling-related harm. The presentation outlines the background and results of a first wave data (n=7186) of the longitudinal Gambling Harms survey. In 2016, 0.9 percent of the respondent had experienced at least one social deviance harm, such as feeling outcast from religious or cultural community. Based on the survey, 0.2% had committed a crime due to their gambling.

The aim of the study is to explore gambling-related harm as well as criminal charges based on criminal records. …

Gambling-Related Harms: Developing Priorities For Harm Reduction Policy Setting, Judith Glynn Msc, Margo Hilbrecht Phd

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

As jurisdictions worldwide have overseen gambling expansion, most have implemented regulatory and public policy regimes to reduce harm. This study was conducted to specify the nature and extent of gambling-related harm that public policy efforts could prevent or mitigate in Ontario, Canada.

Research has historically operationalized harm from gambling as cases of disordered gambling; and policy work has focused on the prevalence and treatment of these cases. Recent work to fully conceptualize and measure gambling-related harm in individual gamblers, their families, and communities (Blaszczynski et al, 2015, Browne et al., 2016, 2017; Langham et al., 2016,) dovetailed with the desire …

Redesigning Gambling Treatment Programs For Success: A Model Based Approach Toward Program Development, Jeffrey J. Marotta, Greta Coe

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Abstract

This presentation will describe a program improvement initiative launched by Oregon Problem Gambling Services to assist with the development of its 47 publicly-funded gambling treatment programs. The development approach incorporated best practices as identified by SAMHSA, the gambling disorders literature, and expert review. The resulting Technical Assistance Visit Toolkit & Gambling Treatment Program Capability Index (GTPCI) offer a streamline program improvement protocol for use specifically with gambling treatment programs. The presenters will share their experience in implementing this program development approach, merits of the model, and program results.

Implications

This presentation will introduce participants to a model and evaluation …

A Public Health-Based Approach To German Gaming Regulation, Knut Walter, Gerhard Buehringer

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

The current situation of the German gambling market can be characterized by an unrelated framework of different legal systems, different regulatory authorities and different control principles, and has led to (1) an increasing number of court decisions and information requests by European Commission questioning parts of that regulatory system, (2) public tolerance of illicit gambling, and consequently (3) a lack of consumer protection.

Taking RENO Model 1.0 and 2.0 seriously, a new and comprehensive regulatory framework based on common consumer protection standards for all types of gambling – land-based and online, state-owned and private operated – has been developed and …

An Empirical Evaluation Of The Clubsnsw (Australia) Multi-Venue Self-Exclusion Program, Dylan A. Pickering, Alexander Blaszczynski, Sally Gainsbury, Rowan Cameron

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Few empirical studies have evaluated the effectiveness of self-exclusion programs. Research is required to identify factors contributing to decisions to enter and/or breach self-exclusion orders, or to self-excluded gamblers to seek additional treatment. Clinical characteristics of self-excluders remain relatively unknown in addition to factors that differentiate gamblers who do or do not breach. Limitations of current programs are that gamblers can self-exclude from only one or a limited number of venues. The Multi-venue Self-exclusion program, developed and implemented by ClubsNSW (Australia), is a centralised web-based system designed to help problem gamblers self exclude from up to 35 venues at a …

A Behavioural Account Of Mobile Gambling, Richard James, Richard Tunney, Claire O'Malley

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Mobile gambling is an emerging market in which there is evidence that some gamblers are introduced to gambling through their mobile device, and that mobile gambling does not ‘cannibalise’ participation with other forms of gambling. There is a concern that mobile gamblers face distinct risks from other forms of gambling, particularly for harmful behaviours. This paper presentation outlines a behavioural account of mobile gambling that combines both the learned characteristics of problem gambling with how individuals interact with their mobile devices. This hypothesizes that the extended gaps between plays or sessions potentially attracts extended play, even in the face of …

Profiling At-Risk Gamblers, Tapio Jaakkola, Kari Vuorinen, Mirka Smolej

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

The majority of gambling research has been concentrating on problem gambling and on the association between gambling behavior, game design and gambling harm. Much less attention has been directed at recreational gambling or on players that do not suffer from any gambling related problems. However, when it comes to preventing gambling harm we should also target those at risk as well those who are gambling moderately.

As a part of a project on prevention of adult gambling harm we did a study of at-risk gamblers in order to recognize and to define the socio-economic background of our target group. Prior …

Exploring The Utility Of An Extended Theory Of Planned Behaviour Framework For School-Based Gambling Prevention Programs, Renee A. St-Pierre Ph.D., Caroline E. Temcheff Ph.D., Jeffrey L. Derevensky Ph.D., Rina Gupta Ph.D.

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and the concept of negative anticipated emotions (NAE) have attracted research attention in the formulation of effective preventive interventions. This approach has identified several key constructs of the TPB (i.e., intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceptions of behavioural control) and NAE as valid predictors of gambling behaviours and problems among young people (Martin et al., 2010, 2011; St-Pierre et al., 2015). However, no empirical investigation has utilized all of these constructs in the design or evaluation of an adolescent problem gambling preventive intervention. The current research aimed to assess the efficacy of targeting NAE and …

Meeting The Unique Treatment Needs Of Female Gamblers: A Workbook And Webinar Effectiveness Pilot Study, Roberta R. Boughton, Farah Jindani, Nigel Turner

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

While past decades have seen a dramatic increase in the number of women who gamble and develop consequent problems, treatment services are being underutilized in Ontario, especially by women.

This pilot aimed to be responsive to this concern, circumventing barriers by inviting access to support through the use of two interventions. One was a mailed self-help workbook designed for women. The second utilized the workbook in a clinician facilitated group context using teleconferencing in conjunction with webinar technology. This small pragmatic pilot aimed to both get feedback on the helpfulness of the workbook and to explore the feasibility of using …

Etiology And Stability Of Problem Gambling, Robert Williams, Rachel A. Volberg

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Prevention of problem gambling hinges on having research that clearly identifies the variables that are etiologically involved, their temporal sequence, and their causal connections. Longitudinal research is the best way of disentangling the chronology and causal relationships between variables. The present research describes the results of the two major longitudinal studies of gambling in Canada: the Quinte Longitudinal Study (QLS) (n = 4,121) and the Leisure, Lifestyle, Lifecycle Project (LLLP) (n = 1,808). The first part of the presentation describes the stability of gambling classifications over a 5 year period. This is followed by an identification of the univariate and …

Psychiatric Comorbidities In Gambling And The Clubsnsw Chaplaincy Program (Australia), Melanie Hartmann, Alex Blaszczynski, Rowan Cameron

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

A recent systematic review of population studies conducted over the last 12 years indicated that 57.5% of individuals meeting criteria for a gambling disorder have a comorbid substance use disorder, 60.1% a nicotine dependence, 57.5% a mood disorder, and 37.4%, any anxiety disorder. In a proportion of these, the comorbid condition predates the onset of gambling disorders suggesting these might represent a vulnerability factor. These findings suggest important implications for gambling prevention and treatments. Instead of promoting only gambling specific interventions and treatments, the emphasis needs to be on a more holistic approach that includes screening for and treating comorbid …

A Multidisciplinary Approach To Understanding Gambling And The Millennial Generation, Don Feeney

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

While numerous studies have been done on the gambling habits of the Millennial Generation, we can learn much about their reaction to gambling through an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates insights from demography, cultural anthropology, history, sociology and other fields. In particular, an analysis of formative experiences and how they differ from previous generations tells us much about their gambling behavior and attitudes. In addition to a discussion of key findings, the presentation will focus on the implications of these findings for the gambling industry and for programs that raise awareness of, prevent, and treat gambling problems.

Gambling Education Programs For Adolescents: A Systematic Review, Brittany Keen, Alex Blaszczynski, Fadi Anjoul

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Around two thirds of Australian adolescents aged 10-14 years old have gambled in the last year, and rates of problem gambling are up to four times higher among adolescents than in the adult population. Schools provide a unique opportunity to intervene in cognitive and behavioural development, and while several gambling education programs exist in schools across Australia and internationally, few have been empirically evaluated. The purpose of this review was to provide a systematic appraisal of the published research on gambling education programs for adolescents. The review aimed to identify the number and quality of studies that have evaluated gambling …

The Economics Of Lotto, Ian Walker, Robert E. Pryce, Rhys Wheeler, Nick Powdathvee

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

No abstract provided.

Narcissism, Sensation Seeking, Depression, Anxiety, And Cognitive Distortions: Comparative Analysis Between Poker And Video Lottery Terminal Players, David Levesque B.A., Serge Sevigny Ph.D., Christian Jacques M.Ps., Isabelle Giroux Ph.D.

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

According to the psycho-structural interaction model, the interaction between structural characteristics of a gambling game and player’s characteristics could foster the development of gambling problems. Those interactions may vary according to the types of game played. This study aims to compare poker and video lottery terminals players (VLTs) on six psychological characteristics (narcissism, sensation seeking, depression, anxiety, cognitive distortions and problem gambling severity) and to examine cognitive distortions as a mediator between personality/mood disturbance and problem gambling severity. The sample consisted of 191 poker players and 81 VLT players. Standard assessments were completed online and by phone within a cross-sectional …