Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Luminescence Dating Of K-Feldspar From Sediments: A Protocol Without Anomalous Fading Correction, Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A protocol for optical dating of potassium-rich feldspar (K-feldspar) is proposed. It utilizes the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signal measured by progressively increasing the stimulation temperature from 50 to 250 °C in step of 50 °C, so-called multi-elevated-temperature post-IR IRSL (MET-pIRIR) measurements. Negligible anomalous fading was observed for the MET-pIRIR signals obtained at 200 and 250 °C. This was supported by equivalent dose (De) measurements using the IRSL and MET-pIRIR signals. The De values increase progressively from 50 °C to 200 °C, but similar De values were obtained for the MET-pIRIR signal at 200 and 250 °C. Measurement of modern …

Reply To Comment By Huntley On "Isochron Dating Of Sediments Using Luminescence Of K-Feldspar Grains", Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li, Hui Zhao

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In our isochron studies using grains of different sizes, we observed that the IRSL ages obtained from K‐feldspar without correction for fading show an increase with increasing grain size [Li et al., 2007, 2008]. Huntley [2011a] argued that this result was caused by different fading rates for grains of different sizes or by different source materials for different sizes of grains. We replied to his comment [Li et al., 2011], suggesting that the phenomenon could be explained by there being different fading rates for the IRSL signals produced by natural and laboratory irradiation [Li et al., 2007, 2008]. Instead of …

Outcomes From A Pilot Project On Workplace Culture Observations: Getting Evaluation And Outcomes On The Agenda, Jan Dewing, Sue Moore, Rachel Lohrey, Julia Hoogesteger, Zena Sale, Chris Winstanley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract Aims and objectives: The overall aim of this mini project was to collaboratively engage in a learning activity that would provide evidence about the workplace culture to be used to inform other aspects of practice development work. The objectives were: to enhance observation skills; contribute to a team development activity; share and develop critical questions for use with local practice development action planning and build up active commitment to practice development work within the group. Design: A small pilot project embedded within a larger complex emancipatory practice development programme. Method: An unstructured observation method was used and followed up …

Longevity, Lipids And C. Elegans, Anthony J. Hulbert

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Scientific investigation of mechanisms that determine lifespan can be divided into three general approaches. The first approach (the comparative method) began over a century ago comparing species differing greatly in maximum longevity and implicated a role for the speed of metabolism in determining the length of life [1]. The second approach commenced after the 1930s investigated the mechanisms whereby “calorierestriction” extended lifespan [2]. The third approach gained popularity in the 1990s and centred on genetic mutations that significantly extend longevity [3]. There has been little overlap between these three approaches. The paper by Shmookler Reis et al. in this issue …

Scrubs, House, Grey's Anatomy: Are Medical Students Learning Bad Habits?, Roslyn Weaver, Ian Wilson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Television loves particular careers: detectives, lawyers, forensic experts and, perhaps most of all, doctors. Popular long-running shows such as House and Grey's Anatomy join a long list of medical programs that have created a fictional world of medicine over the past sixty years.

'The Worst Fire Season Ever' … Until Next Year, Ross Bradstock

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Bushfires are part of the Australian landscape and the psyche of its human inhabitants. This is particularly true as months of hot, dry weather approach. Recent warnings have predicted a dire summer ahead with the potential for major fires across the continent. So will this year's fire season be particularly bad? What are the different types of bushfire activity found across our continent? And how can these bushfire types help us predict how climate change will affect future fire seasons?

What Happens When We Have Data?, Andrew Alexis Miller

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The current issue of the Journal of Radiation Oncology provides a report [1] that highlights the potential role of routine clinical data in Radiation Oncology and how to make better use of it. While routine data is not only important to Radiation Oncology but all other areas of medicine also, in Radiation Oncology we have the luxury of two environmental factors. Firstly, we have relatively few software products which are increasingly being driven to the goal of interoperability by the IHE-RO initiative started by Dr Prabhakhar Triperenini in the USA[2]. Secondly, there are some well defined standards now implemented, especially …

Why Do Medical Students Volunteer To Train Simulated Patients? A Qualitative Evaluation Of Motivations And Incentives, E Ashcroft, I Potter, J Bushnell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The willingness to actively volunteer is an expected trait of medical students. Their compliance to participate in teaching and learning interventions is well described in the medical education literature The purpose of this investigation is to determine whether medical students' motivations to volunteer are congruent with motivational drives of other community members. We recruited eighteen (18) medical students, who contributed to the 2010 patient volunteer training as interview partners. One focus of their involvement was to develop feedback skills in newly recruited simulated patients. Ten (10) of these students participated in our audio-recorded focus group interviews. A thematic analysis of …

Quantitative Characterization Of Emissions From Biomass Burning Using Remote Sensing Measurements, Clare Paton-Walsh, Emma Young, David Griffith

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We present a new method for deriving total emissions estimates from large vegetation fires using satellite-based measurements of aerosol optical depth. This method is based upon simultaneous measurements of total column amounts of trace gases and aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere through smoke plumes from Australian fires. These measurements were derived from ground-based solar remote sensing spectrometers in the infrared and UV-visible spectral regions and also provide emission ratios that may be used in more conventional bottom-up estimates of total emissions. Measurements of emissions from Australian forest fires are relatively sparse given the significance of this source to the …

Developing Emotional Intelligence For Leadership In An Australian State Emergency Service, Rae David, Dominique Parrish

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The organizational benefits of emotionally intelligent leaders and leadership are well documented. Likewise, the potential organizational gains from an investment in programmes designed to develop the emotional intelligence of leaders are strongly supported. The critical factor is whether the programmes for developing emotional intelligence will be effective and achieve the desired outcomes. This presentation is based on a study that explored how emotional intelligence can be developed and a subsequent program designed to develop emotional intelligence in a senior management group of a State Emergency Service in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.

How Does An Awareness Of Emotional Intelligence Impact On Practice: Developing Emotional Intelligence In An Education Setting, Dominique Parrish

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Utility Of A 'Praxis' Evaluation Framework In Capturing Transformation: A Tool For All Seasons?, Sally Hardy, Valerie J. Wilson, Bob Brown

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

An evaluation approach, developed for the purpose of capturing greater understanding of transformational change in healthcare contexts, is presented. PRAXIS evaluation is an innovative framework that aims to capture the dynamic subtleties of individual, team and organisational transformation within the complexity of contemporary healthcare contexts. The PRAXIS evaluation framework offers a collaborative process for evaluating healthcare practice change and takes into consideration the influences of workplace culture. An ultimate intention is to further inform new knowledge creation and its subsequent transfer into critically informed, considered, practical action; i.e. praxis. The intention is to provide examples of using the PRAXIS evaluation …

Human Flourishing Through Body, Creative Imagination And Reflection, Angie Titchen, Brendan Mccormack, Valerie J. Wilson, Annette Solman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: A new methodological framework for human flourishing as the ends and means of transformational action research and practice development has recently been published. Located in the critical creativity paradigmatic synthesis, the framework is one of the outcomes of our shared journey as practice development facilitators and researchers.

Aims and objectives: The aim of this paper is to show how methodological development can be an outcome of practice development. The first objective is to show, through an exemplar story, how our human flourishing was achieved through learning experientially about the new framework at a retreat in the Australian …

Abdominal Fat Mass Is Associated With Adaptive Immune Activation: The Codam Study, Marielle Thewissen, Jan Damoiseaux, Adriaan Duijvestijn, Marleen M. J Van Greevenbroek, Carla J. H Van Der Kallen, Edith Feskens, Ellen Blaak, Casper Schalkwijk, Coen Stehouwer, Jan Tervaert, Isabel Ferreira

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abdominal fat-related activation of the innate immune system and insulin resistance (IR) are implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Recent data support an important role of the adaptive immune system as well. In this study, we investigate the association between waist circumference and markers of systemic adaptive immune activation, and the potential mediating role of innate immune activation and/or IR herein. The study population consisted of 477 (304 men) individuals (mean age: 59.4±7.0 years) in whom waist circumference, HOMA2-IR (IR derived from homeostasis model assessment), and markers of innate (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, serum amyloid A (SAA)) and …

Feasibility And Effectiveness Of Nurse-Delivered Smoking Cessationcounselling Combined With Nicotine Replacement In Australiangeneral Practicedar_2, Nicholas Zwar, Robyn Richmond, Gail Forlonge, Iqbal Hasan

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Introduction and Aims. Practice nurses (PN) are an alternative workforce for cessation support in primary care, but their role and effectiveness is underdeveloped and underresearched. This study evaluated a model of smoking cessation intervention in Australian general practice based on PNs. Smokers were identified by their general practitioner (GP) and referred to the PN for cessation support over four counselling visits and offered free nicotine patches. Design and Methods. Pre- and post-study using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. Cessation outcomes were collected by patient self-report at 6months. Semistructured interviews were conducted with PNs and GPs to provide qualitative data on …

Rethinking Theory And Practice: Pre-Registration Student Nurses Experiences Of Simulation Teaching And Learning In The Acquisition Of Clinical Skills In Preparation For Practice, Angela Hope, Joanne Garside, Stephen Prescott

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In the United Kingdom (UK) simulation learning has been recognised in the form of a regulatory agreement that may replace hours from clinical practice. This integration has become an embedded feature of the pre-registration nursing programme at a University in the North of England, along with strategic investment in staff and simulation suites developed to underpin this curriculum change albeit in the absence of sparse empirical evidence, hence the rationale for the study which was designed to explore the relationship between simulation, theory and practice. The study features a thematic analysis of evaluation questionnaires from pre-registration student nurses (n=>500) …

Estimation Of Plant Functional Biochemical Traits Of Subalpine And Alpine Grasslands From Airborne Images Of High Spatial And Spectral Resolution, Lucie Homolova, Zbynek Malenovky, Michael E. Schaepman, Jan G. P. W Clevers

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of presentation at the 9th Swiss Geoscience Meeting, Zurich 2011, 11-13 November, ETH Hauptgebaude & Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich.

Single Molecule Studies Of Physiologically Relevant Telomeric Tails Reveal Pot1 Mechanism For Promoting G-Quadruplex Unfolding, Hong Wang, Gerald J. Nora, Harshad Ghodke, Patricia L. Opresko

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Human telomeres are composed of duplex TTAGGG repeats and a 3' single-stranded DNA tail. The telomeric DNA is protected and regulated by the shelterin proteins, including the protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) protein that binds telomeric single-stranded DNA. The single-stranded tail can fold into G-quadruplex (G4) DNA. Both POT1 and G4 DNA play important roles in regulating telomere length homeostasis. To date, most studies have focused on individual quadruplexes formed by four TTAGGG repeats. Telomeric tails in human cells have on average six times as many repeats, and no structural studies have examined POT1 binding in competition with G4 DNA …

The Camamu Basin Offshore Environmental Monitoring Through Remote Sensing, Rafael Cabral Carvalho, Augusto M. Netto, Carlos A. Lentini

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In this paper, multispectral remote sensing data from MODIS-Aqua were used to caracterize the Camamu offshore basin and to monitor 6 production wells located in the Manati field, eastern Brazil, showing their great potential for environmental monitoring for the oil drilling and gas industries. Results were based on the interpretation of SST, Chlorophyll-a and K490 derived from the Aqua satellite passes on march 4th and july 12th, as well as, monthly time series for each of these geophysical parameters. SST values show an opposite behaviour when compared to Chlorophyll-a and K490, with the last two parameters changing one order of …

Selective Bypass Of A Lagging Strand Roadblock By The Eukaryotic Replicative Dna Helicase, Yu V. Fu, Hasan Yardimci, David T. Long, The Vinh Ho, Angelo Guainazzi, Vladimir P. Bermudez, Jerard Hurwitz, Antoine M. Van Oijen, Orlando D. Scharer, Johannes C. Walter

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The eukaryotic replicative DNA helicase, CMG, unwinds DNA by an unknown mechanism. In some models, CMG encircles and translocates along one strand of DNA while excluding the other strand. In others, CMG encircles and translocates along duplex DNA. To distinguish between these models, replisomes were confronted with strand-specific DNA roadblocks in Xenopus egg extracts. An ssDNA translocase should stall at an obstruction on the translocation strand but not the excluded strand, whereas a dsDNA translocase should stall at obstructions on either strand. We found that replisomes bypass large roadblocks on the lagging strand template much more readily than on the …

Dna Is A Co-Factor For Its Own Replication In Xenopus Egg Extracts, Ronald Lebofsky, Antoine M. Van Oijen, Johannes C. Walter

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Soluble Xenopus egg extracts efficiently replicate added plasmids using a physiological mechanism, and thus represent a powerful system to understand vertebrate DNA replication. Surprisingly, DNA replication in this system is highly sensitive to plasmid concentration, being undetectable below ∼10 pM and highly efficient above ∼75 pM. DNA replication at the high plasmid concentration does not require plasmid-plasmid contacts, since replication is not inhibited when plasmids are immobilized in agarose prior to addition of egg extract. The absence of replication at low plasmid concentration is due to a defect in the assembly of pre-replication complexes (pre-RCs). pre-RC assembly requires contact-independent communication …

Un Hombre De San Juan: Aproximación Facial En Antropología, Susan Hayes

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Within both anthropology and forensic identification, a facial approximation (also known as "facial reconstruction") is often presented as an accomplished fact, with minimal, or no evidence of the research and methods used to achieve the result. This paper presents a detailed overview of the research and methods used for a 2D computer graphic facial approximation of a prehistoric man unearthed in the Jachal Valley, San Juan Province, Argentina. Understood to be a member of the extinct Huarpe, this individual's skull displays many of the morphological features that are consistent with what is known about this group of early Amerindian farmers. …

Evaluating The Impact Of Emotional Intelligence: Can Emotional Intelligence Influence Job Satisfaction?, Dominique Parrish

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

No abstract provided.

The Relevance Of Emotional Intelligence For Effective Leadership Practice In A Higher Education Context, Dominique Parrish

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

No abstract provided.

Nutritional Ecology Of Essential Fatty Acids: An Evolutionary Perspective, Anthony J. Hulbert, Sarah K. Abbott

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

There are four types of fatty acids but only two types are essential nutritional requirements for many animals. These are the omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) and the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and because they cannot be converted to one another they are separate essential dietary requirements. They are only required in small amounts in the diet and their biological importance stems largely from their role as constituents of membrane lipids. They are synthesised by plants and, as a generalisation, green leaves are the source of n-3 PUFA while seeds are the source of n-6 PUFA in …

Two Holocene Rock Shelter Deposits From The Knersvlakte, Southern Namaqualand, South Africa, Jayson Orton, Richard G. Klein, Alex Mackay, Steve E. Schwortz, Teresa E. Steele

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

This paper describes the first excavations into two Holocene Later Stone Age (LSA) deposits in southern Namaqualand. The limestone shelters afforded excellent preservation, and the LSA sites contained material similar in many respects to shelters in the Cederberg range to the south. Deposition at both sites was discontinuous with a mid-Holocene pulse in Buzz Shelter followed by contact-period deposits over a total depth of some 0.45 m. In Reception Shelter the 1.40 m deposit yielded a basal age in the fifth to eighth centuries BC with pottery and domestic cow contained within a strong pulse of occupation just above this. …

Keeping Your Edge: Recent Approaches To The Organisation Of Stone Artefact Technology, Benjamin Marwick, Alex Mackay

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The past twenty five years has seen the development of interesting and productive new research avenues and the opening up of new ground in approaches to, and interpretations of, stone artefacts. Far beyond the description, listing and enumeration of artefact types, these developments have focused on the situational variables which structure stone artefact assemblages. Theory articulating stone artefacts with past behaviors has made possible new methods, new ways of seeing, and ultimately, new understandings of a field previously dominated by description. The aim of this volume is to present papers applying recent insights from the organization of technology to the …

Extracting Storm-Surge Data From Coastal Dunes For Improved Assessment Of Flood Risk, Alastair C. Cunningham, Marcel A. J Bakker, Sytze Van Heteren, Bert Van Der Valk, Ad J. F Van Der Spek, Dennis R. Schaart, Jakob Wallinga

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Future changes in climate and sea level are likely to increase the threat from storm surges in many coastal regions. Mitigation of this threat requires an understanding of storm surge magnitude and frequency, and the relationship of these variables to climate parameters. This understanding is currently limited by the brevity of instrumental records, which rarely predate the twentieth century. However, evidence of former storm surges can be recorded in coastal dunes, because the dune topography may trap high-magnitude deposits at elevated locations. Here we combine a range of techniques to extract storm-surge data from coastal dune sediment. The sediment is …

Expectations Of Scatter In Equivalent-Dose Distributions When Using Multi-Grain Aliquots For Osl Dating, Alastair C. Cunningham, Jakob Wallinga, Philip S. J Minderhoud

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In the OSL dating of sediment, the scatter in equivalent dose (D e) between grains is almost always larger than would be expected due to counting statistics alone. Some scatter may be caused by insufficient (partial) bleaching of some of the grains prior to deposition. In order to date partially bleached sediment, it is essential to estimate the amount of scatter caused by other processes (e.g. grain-to-grain variability in the natural dose rate). Measurements of such scatter are performed at the single-grain level; by contrast, most OSL dating is performed on multi-grain subsamples, for which grain-to-grain scatter is reduced through …

Commentary On Farbstein, R. "Technologies Of Art", Katherine Szabo

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Chaîne opératoire, as both an analytical approach and a sociotechnical perspective, has had a presence in material culture literature for some considerable time. However despite the longevity of the concept, its full potential for the comparative study of material culture production and consumption has not really been realized within archaeology. Here, Farbstein explores this area through looking at the production of mobiliary art in a range of raw materials at Pavlovian Upper Paleolithic sites.