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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Comparison Of Resting Energy Expenditure Between Cancer Subjects And Healthy Controls: A Meta-Analysis, Thi Yen Vi Nguyen, Marijka Batterham, Cheree Edwards
Comparison Of Resting Energy Expenditure Between Cancer Subjects And Healthy Controls: A Meta-Analysis, Thi Yen Vi Nguyen, Marijka Batterham, Cheree Edwards
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
There is conflicting evidence surrounding the extent of changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) in cancer. This meta-analysis aimed to establish the mean difference in REE, as kilojoules per kilogram fat-free mass, among cancer patients when compared to healthy control subjects. The secondary aim was to determine differences among different cancer types. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and ProQuest Central were searched from the earliest records until March 2014. Studies were included if measured REE was reported as kilojoules or kilocalories per kilogram fat-free mass (FFM) in adult subjects with cancer. Twenty-seven …
Comparison Of Rheological Behaviors With Fumed Silica-Based Shear Thickening Fluids, Alain David Moriana, Tongfei Tian, Vitor Sencadas, Weihua Li
Comparison Of Rheological Behaviors With Fumed Silica-Based Shear Thickening Fluids, Alain David Moriana, Tongfei Tian, Vitor Sencadas, Weihua Li
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Shear thickening fluids (STFs) of differing compositions were fabricated and characterised in order to observe the effect of varying chemical and material properties on the resultant rheological behavior. Steady shear tests showed that for a given carrier fluid and particle size exists an optimum weight fraction which exhibits optimal shear thickening performance. Testing also showed that increasing particle size resulted in increased shear thickening performance and its onset whilst altering the carrier fluid chemistry has a significant effect on the thickening performance. An explanation is provided connecting the effect of varying particle size, carrier fluid chemistry and weight fraction to …
Waste Activated Sludge Hydrolysis And Acidification: A Comparison Between Sodium Hydroxide And Steel Slag Addition, Ying Zhang, Chaojie Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Leiyu Feng, Yongmei Li, Qi Zhou
Waste Activated Sludge Hydrolysis And Acidification: A Comparison Between Sodium Hydroxide And Steel Slag Addition, Ying Zhang, Chaojie Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Leiyu Feng, Yongmei Li, Qi Zhou
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Alkaline treatment with steel slag and NaOH addition were investigated under different pH conditions for the fermentation of waste activated sludge. Better performance was achieved in steel slag addition scenarios for both sludge hydrolysis and acidification. More solubilization of organic matters and much production of higher VFA (volatile fatty acid) in a shorter time can be achieved at pH. 10 when adjusted by steel slag. Higher enzyme activities were also observed in steel slag addition scenarios under the same pH conditions. Phosphorus concentration in the supernatant increased with fermentation time and pH in NaOH addition scenarios, while in contrast most …
Comparison And Experiment Of Pressure Drop Of Radial And Annular Type Magnetorheological Valves, Guoliang Hu, Haiyan Li, Weihua Li
Comparison And Experiment Of Pressure Drop Of Radial And Annular Type Magnetorheological Valves, Guoliang Hu, Haiyan Li, Weihua Li
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The magnetorheological (MR) valve is a smart control mechanism using the magnetorheologcial fluid as the working fluid. The advantages of regulating pressure drop and fast response time make the valve have a promising application prospects in the hydraulic servo system, and the MR valve can also be used as a bypass valve to control the MR damper, which can be applied to the different types of vibration attenuating system. The change of pressure drop of MR valve considering radial and annular fluid flow paths was outlined through theory analysis, numerical simulation and experimental verification. The magnetized resistance gaps of both …
Comparison Of Oncentra ® Brachy Ipsa And Graphical Optimisation Techniques: A Case Study Of Hdr Brachytherapy Head And Neck And Prostate Plans, Michael Jameson, Lucy Ohanessian, Vikneswary Batumalai, Virendra Patel, Lois C. Holloway
Comparison Of Oncentra ® Brachy Ipsa And Graphical Optimisation Techniques: A Case Study Of Hdr Brachytherapy Head And Neck And Prostate Plans, Michael Jameson, Lucy Ohanessian, Vikneswary Batumalai, Virendra Patel, Lois C. Holloway
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
There are a number of different dwell positions and time optimisation options available in the Oncentra® Brachy (Elekta Brachytherapy Solutions, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) brachytherapy treatment planning system. The purpose of this case study was to compare graphical (GRO) and inverse planning by simulated annealing (IPSA) optimisation techniques for interstitial head and neck (HN) and prostate plans considering dosimetry, modelled radiobiology outcome and planning time. Four retrospective brachytherapy patients were chosen for this study, two recurrent HN and two prostatic boosts. Manual GRO and IPSA plans were generated for each patient. Plans were compared using dose-volume histograms (DVH) and dose …
Comparison Of The Abiotic Preferences Of Macroinvertebrates In Tropical River Basins, Gert Everaert, Jan De Neve, Pieter Boets, Luis Dominguez-Granda, Seid Tiku Mereta, Argaw Ambelu, Thu Huong Hoang, Peter L. M Goethals, Olivier Thas
Comparison Of The Abiotic Preferences Of Macroinvertebrates In Tropical River Basins, Gert Everaert, Jan De Neve, Pieter Boets, Luis Dominguez-Granda, Seid Tiku Mereta, Argaw Ambelu, Thu Huong Hoang, Peter L. M Goethals, Olivier Thas
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
We assessed and compared abiotic preferences of aquatic macroinvertebrates in three river basins located in Ecuador, Ethiopia and Vietnam. Upon using logistic regression models we analyzed the relationship between the probability of occurrence of five macroinvertebrate families, ranging from pollution tolerant to pollution sensitive, (Chironomidae, Baetidae, Hydroptilidae, Libellulidae and Leptophlebiidae) and physical-chemical water quality conditions. Within the investigated physical-chemical ranges, nine out of twenty-five interaction effects were significant. Our analyses suggested river basin dependent associations between the macroinvertebrate families and the corresponding physical-chemical conditions. It was found that pollution tolerant families showed no clear abiotic preference and occurred at most …
A Comparison Of Coordinate Systems For Use In Determining A Radiotherapy Delineation Margin For Whole Breast, Elise Pogson, Lauren Bell, Vikneswary Batumalai, Eng-Siew Koh, Geoff Delaney, Peter E. Metcalfe, Lois Holloway
A Comparison Of Coordinate Systems For Use In Determining A Radiotherapy Delineation Margin For Whole Breast, Elise Pogson, Lauren Bell, Vikneswary Batumalai, Eng-Siew Koh, Geoff Delaney, Peter E. Metcalfe, Lois Holloway
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Cartesian co-ordinates, traditionally used for radiotherapy margins, calculated at 6 points, may not adequately represent changes in inter-observer contour variation as necessary to define a delineation margin. As a first step, this study compared the standard deviation (SD) in contour delineation using Polar and Cartesian co-ordinates for whole breast. Whole breast Clinical Target Volumes (CTV) were delineated by eight observers for 9 patients. The SD of contour position was determined for Polar co-ordinates at 1 degree increments for 5 slices and averaged across all patients. The mean centre of mass (COM) was used as the origin for the right breast, …
Description And Comparison Of Quality Of Electronic Versus Paper-Based Resident Admission Forms In Australian Aged Care Facilities, Ning Wang, Ping Yu, David Hailey
Description And Comparison Of Quality Of Electronic Versus Paper-Based Resident Admission Forms In Australian Aged Care Facilities, Ning Wang, Ping Yu, David Hailey
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Purpose To describe the paper-based and electronic formats of resident admission forms used in several aged care facilities in Australia and to compare the extent to which resident admission information was documented in paper-based and the electronic health records. Methods Retrospective auditing and comparison of the documentation quality of paper-based and electronic resident admission forms were conducted. A checklist of admission data was qualitatively derived from different formats of the admission forms collected. Three measures were used to assess the quality of documentation of the admission forms, including completeness rate, comprehensiveness rate and frequency of documented data element. The associations …
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The removal efficiency of 22 selected trace organic contaminants by sequential application of granular activated carbon (GAC) and simultaneous application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) with membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared in this study. Both sequential application of GAC following MBR treatment (MBR–GAC) and simultaneous application of PAC within MBR (PAC–MBR) achieved improved removal (over 95%) of seven hydrophilic and biologically persistent compounds, which were less efficiently removed by MBR-only treatment (negligible to 70%). However, gradual breakthrough of these compounds occurred over an extended operation period. Charged compounds, particularly, fenoprop and diclofenac, demonstrated the fastest breakthrough (complete and 50–70%, in …
Are You Smart Enough For Your Smart Phone? A Cognitive Load Comparison, Fayez Alshehri, Mark Freeman, Alison E. Freeman
Are You Smart Enough For Your Smart Phone? A Cognitive Load Comparison, Fayez Alshehri, Mark Freeman, Alison E. Freeman
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The popularity of mobile devices, and particularly smart phones, has been driven by rapid developments in their power, capabilities and features. However, these developments create new and additional demands on users. Increased attention and more complex thought patterns are required to interact with such technology. Testing three popular smart phones, this research applies the principles of Cognitive Load Theory to evaluate the impact of varied operating systems and interaction modes on users' cognitive load. NASA Task Load Index was used to measure participants' perceptions of the cognitive load imposed by interaction with these mobile devices. While different operating systems were …
Comparison Of Custom-Moulded Ankle Orthosis With Hinged Joints And Off-The-Shelf Ankle Braces In Preventing Ankle Sprain In Lateral Cutting Movements, Winson Lee, Toshiki Kobayashi, Barton Choy, Aaron Leung
Comparison Of Custom-Moulded Ankle Orthosis With Hinged Joints And Off-The-Shelf Ankle Braces In Preventing Ankle Sprain In Lateral Cutting Movements, Winson Lee, Toshiki Kobayashi, Barton Choy, Aaron Leung
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
BACKGROUND: A custom moulded ankle orthosis with hinged joints potentially offers a better control over the subtalar joint and the ankle joint during lateral cutting movements, due to total contact design and increase in material strength. OBJECTIVES: To test the above hypothesis by comparing it to three other available orthoses. STUDY DESIGN: Repeated measures. METHODS: Eight subjects with a history of ankle sprains (Grade 2), and 11 subjects without such history performed lateral cutting movements in four test conditions: 1) non-orthotic, 2) custom-moulded ankle orthosis with hinges, 3) Sport-Stirrup, and 4) elastic ankle sleeve with plastic support. A VICON motion …
A Comparison Study Of Chain-Die Forming And Roll Forming By Forming A Top Hat Section, Yuankun Zhang, Shichao Ding
A Comparison Study Of Chain-Die Forming And Roll Forming By Forming A Top Hat Section, Yuankun Zhang, Shichao Ding
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Chain-die Forming, a novel sheet metal forming method, has been proposed and developed recently to overcome the problems that arose in roll forming. As an extension to roll forming, Chain-die Forming has been proposed to elongate the deformation length by increasing the virtual roll radii, and employing discrete profiled die-blocks which move on a track board with the desired large radii to im-plement or simulate the rotation of the virtual large rolls. The roll radii are so large and the forming length is so long that all redundant strain components occurring in roll forming are significantly reduced or even eliminated.
Comparison Of Some Tests Of Fit For The Inverse Gaussian Distribution, D J. Best, John C. W Rayner, Olivier Thas
Comparison Of Some Tests Of Fit For The Inverse Gaussian Distribution, D J. Best, John C. W Rayner, Olivier Thas
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper gives an empirical investigation of some tests of goodness of fit for the inverse Gaussian distribution.
Comparison Of Methodologies For Assessment Of Harmonic Current Emission Limits For Large Installations Connected To Lv Networks, Biyanvilage Perera, Sarath Perera, Philip Ciufo, Victor J. Gosbell
Comparison Of Methodologies For Assessment Of Harmonic Current Emission Limits For Large Installations Connected To Lv Networks, Biyanvilage Perera, Sarath Perera, Philip Ciufo, Victor J. Gosbell
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
With the proliferation of large, disturbing installations (loads and distribution generators) connected to public low voltage networks, managing the harmonic voltage levels in the network has become a key concern to distribution network service providers (DNSPs). Therefore, it is important that DNSPs limit the harmonic current emission by individual installations. This paper reviews a number of methodologies that exist in the current technical literature in relation to the assessment of harmonic current emission limits for disturbing installations connected to the public LV network. Application of these methodologies is demonstrated through a case study on a test network. The study shows …
New Structural Similarity Measure For Image Comparison, Prashan Premaratne, Malin Premaratne
New Structural Similarity Measure For Image Comparison, Prashan Premaratne, Malin Premaratne
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Subjective quality measures based on Human Visual System for images do not agree well with well-known metrics such as Mean Squared Error and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio. Recently, Structural Similarity Measure (SSIM) has received acclaim due to its ability to produce results on a par with Human Visual System. However, experimental results indicate that noise and blur seriously degrade the performance of the SSIM metric. Furthermore, despite SSIM's popularity, it does not provide adequate insight into how it handles 'structural similarity' of images. We propose a structural similarity measure based on approximation level of a given Discrete Wavelet Decomposition …
Comparison Of 16 Mm Osu-Nag And Coms Eye Plaques, Hualin Zhang, Frederick Davidorf, Yujin Qi
Comparison Of 16 Mm Osu-Nag And Coms Eye Plaques, Hualin Zhang, Frederick Davidorf, Yujin Qi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
OSU-NAG eye plaques use fewer sources than COMS-plaques of comparable size, and do not employ a Silastic seed carrier insert. Monte Carlo modeling was used to calculate 3D dose distributions for a 16 mm OSU-NAG eye plaque and a 16 mm COMS eye plaque loaded with either Iodine-125 or Cesium-131 brachytherapy sources. The OSU-NAG eye plaque was loaded with eight sources forming two squares, whereas the COMS eye plaque was loaded with thirteen sources approximating three isocentric circles. A spherical eyeball 24.6 mm in diameter and an ellipsoid-like tumor 6 mm in height and 12 mm in the major and …
Modeling Of Crossbred Cattle Growth, Comparison Between Cubic And Piecewise Random Regression Models, H R. Mirzaei, Wayne S. Pitchford, Arunas P. Verbyla
Modeling Of Crossbred Cattle Growth, Comparison Between Cubic And Piecewise Random Regression Models, H R. Mirzaei, Wayne S. Pitchford, Arunas P. Verbyla
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Two analyses, cubic and piecewise random regression, were conducted to model growth of crossbred cattle from birth to about two years of age, investigating the ability of a piecewise procedure to fit growth traits without the complications of the cubic model. During a four-year period (1994-1997) of the Australian "Southern Crossbreeding Project", mature Hereford cows (N = 581) were mated to 97 sires of Angus, Belgian Blue, Hereford, Jersey, Limousin, South Devon, and Wagyu breeds, resulting in 1141 steers and heifers born over four years. Data included 13 (for steers) and eight (for heifers) live body weight measurements, made approximately …
A Comparison Study Of The Numerical Integration Methods In The Trajectory Tracking Application Of Redundant Robot Manipulators, Emre Sariyildiz, Hakan Temeltas
A Comparison Study Of The Numerical Integration Methods In The Trajectory Tracking Application Of Redundant Robot Manipulators, Emre Sariyildiz, Hakan Temeltas
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Differential kinematic has a wide range application area in robot kinematics. The main advantage of the differential kinematic is that it can be easily implemented any kind of mechanisms. In differential kinematic method, Jacobian is used as a mapping operator in the velocity space. The joint velocities are required to be integrated to obtain the pose of the robot manipulator. This integration can be evaluated by using numerical integration methods, since the inverse kinematic equations are highly complex and nonlinear. Thus, the performances of the numerical integration methods affect the trajectory tracking application. This paper compares the performances of numerical …
A Comparison Study Of Ellipsoid Fitting For Pose Normalization Of Hippocampal Shapes, Luping Zhou, Oliver Salvado
A Comparison Study Of Ellipsoid Fitting For Pose Normalization Of Hippocampal Shapes, Luping Zhou, Oliver Salvado
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Pose normalization is an important step to establish shape correspondence for group comparison of anatomical structures. The most basic and widely used way is ellipsoid fitting, which provides three principal axes for shape alignment, and is often solved by least square fitting. In this paper, it is recognized that the deformation caused by neuro-degenerative diseases is usually locally irregular, behaving like the outliers to the majority of the anatomical surfaces. Therefore we hypothesize that the distance function in L1-norm may perform better than that in L2-norm for hippocampal surface fitting, and thus conduct a study to compare the influence of …
Comparison Of Thermal Stability In Max211 And 312 Phases, Wei Kong Pang, It-Meng Low, B H. O'Connor, Andrew J. Studer, Vanessa Peterson, Zheng-Ming Sun, J P. Palmquist
Comparison Of Thermal Stability In Max211 And 312 Phases, Wei Kong Pang, It-Meng Low, B H. O'Connor, Andrew J. Studer, Vanessa Peterson, Zheng-Ming Sun, J P. Palmquist
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The susceptibility of four MAX phases (Ti2AlC, Cr2AlC, Ti3AlC2, and Ti3SiC2) to high-temperature thermal dissociation in vacuum has been investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction.
Performance Comparison Of Subtractive Resistive Readout With Conventional Resistive Readout For A High-Resolution Compact Gamma Camera, Y J. Qi, M J. Zhang, C L. Zhao, R F. Wojcik
Performance Comparison Of Subtractive Resistive Readout With Conventional Resistive Readout For A High-Resolution Compact Gamma Camera, Y J. Qi, M J. Zhang, C L. Zhao, R F. Wojcik
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The purpose of this study was to investigate an optimal readout for a high-resolution compact gamma camera with maximum performance in crystal element identifications. The compact camera is based on a pixellated Nal(Tl) crystal with 1.2 mm pixel size coupled to a 5" Hamamatsu R3292 PSPMT. A conventional resistive-chain readout was initially developed for the camera. Then a novel subtractive resistive readout developed was utilized to optimize the performance of the camera. The performance of the camera was evaluated by raw flood images of a 137Cs source. The results show that the conventional resistive readout results in a significant shrinkage …
Comparison Of Channelized Hotelling And Human Observers In Determining Optimum Os-Em Reconstruction Parameters For Myocardial Spect, Karen L. Gilland, Benjamin M. W Tsui, Yujin Qi, Grant T. Gullberg
Comparison Of Channelized Hotelling And Human Observers In Determining Optimum Os-Em Reconstruction Parameters For Myocardial Spect, Karen L. Gilland, Benjamin M. W Tsui, Yujin Qi, Grant T. Gullberg
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The performance of the Channelized Hotelling Observer (CHO) was compared to that of human observers for determining optimum parameters for the iterative OS-EM image reconstruction method for the task of defect detection in myocardial SPECT images. The optimum parameters were those that maximized defect detectability in the SPECT images. Low noise, parallel SPECT projection data, with and without an anterior, inferior or lateral LV wall defect, were simulated using the Monte Carlo method. Poisson noise was added to generate noisy realizations. Data were reconstructed using OS-EM at 1 & 4 subsets/iteration and at 1, 3, 5, 7 & 9 iterations. …
A Simple Convergence Comparison Of Gallager Codes Under Two Message-Passing Schedules, Sheng Tong, Xinmei Wang
A Simple Convergence Comparison Of Gallager Codes Under Two Message-Passing Schedules, Sheng Tong, Xinmei Wang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The convergence rate of iterative decoding of Gallager codes on the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel using the sum-product algorithm (SPA) under the flooding schedule (FS) is compared with that under the turbo-decoding schedule (TDS). Analyses using extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts show that TDS exhibits a much faster convergence behavior than FS.
Convergence Rates Comparison Of Sum-Product Decoding Of Ra Codes Under Different Message-Passing Schedules, Sheng Tong, Baoming Bai, Xinmei Wang
Convergence Rates Comparison Of Sum-Product Decoding Of Ra Codes Under Different Message-Passing Schedules, Sheng Tong, Baoming Bai, Xinmei Wang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In iterative decoding of turbo-like codes, serial schedule generally provides a much faster convergence rate compared with parallel schedule. With the aid of extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts, sum-product decoding of repeat accumulate (RA) codes under both message passing schedules is investigated as an example for verifying the above statement.
Comparison Of Two Methods For Detection Of Cryptosporidium & Giardia In Water, Eva C. Nieminski, Frank W. Schaefer Iii, Jerry E. Ongerth
Comparison Of Two Methods For Detection Of Cryptosporidium & Giardia In Water, Eva C. Nieminski, Frank W. Schaefer Iii, Jerry E. Ongerth
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The steps of two immunofluorescent-antibody-based detection methods were evaluated for their efficiencies in detecting Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts. The two methods evaluated were the American Society for Testing and Materials proposed test method for Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in low-turbidity water and a procedure employing sampling by membrane filtration, Percoll-Percoll step gradient, and immunofluorescent staining. The membrane filter sampling method was characterized by higher recovery rates in all three types of waters tested: raw surface water, partially treated water from a flocculation basin, and filtered water. Cyst and oocyst recovery efficiencies decreased with increasing water turbidity regardless of …