Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Change Comes With Time: Substantive Interpretation Of Non-Proportional Hazards In Event History Analysis, Amanda A. Licht
Change Comes With Time: Substantive Interpretation Of Non-Proportional Hazards In Event History Analysis, Amanda A. Licht
Faculty Publications
While methodologists have provided us ample notice of both the problem of non-proportional hazards and the means of correcting them, less attention has been paid to the post-estimation interpretation. The suggested inclusion of time interactions in our models is more than a statistical fix: these corrections alter the substantive meaning and interpretation of results. Framing the issue as a specific case of multiplicative-interaction modeling, I provide detailed discussion of the problem of non-proportional hazards and present several appropriate means of interpreting both the substantive impact and the significance of variables whose effects may change over time.
Coming Into Money: The Impact Of Foreign Aid On Leader Survival, Amanda A. Licht
Coming Into Money: The Impact Of Foreign Aid On Leader Survival, Amanda A. Licht
Faculty Publications
Donors are more likely to send aid to leaders facing elevated risks of losing power, but targets' ability to benefit from this assistance is conditioned by regime type and political processes. The institutionalization of winning coalitions' loyalty across regime type follows opposite patterns, supporting opposite temporal dynamics across regime types. Democratic leaders' coalitions are firmest immediately after taking office, and aid is of most assistance to them then. As competition and dissatisfaction grows, aid becomes a political liability. In small winning coalition systems, however, coalitions become more solid over time, facilitating increasing benefits from aid. Without a firm coalition, however, …
The Unanimous Decisions Of The Supreme Court Of Canada As A Test Of The Attitudinal Model, Donald R. Songer, Julia Siripurapu
The Unanimous Decisions Of The Supreme Court Of Canada As A Test Of The Attitudinal Model, Donald R. Songer, Julia Siripurapu
Faculty Publications
Most of the empirical work on the decision making of justices on the Supreme Court of Canada has taken as its exclusive focus the divided decisions of the Court. In contrast to this extensive body of research on divided decision, the much more limited knowledge of unanimous decisions is troubling because such decisions constitute nearly three-quarters of all of the formal decisions of the Court. The analysis reported below provides a first step towards understanding the neglected nature of unanimous decisions. This investigation of the nature and causes of unanimity in the Supreme Court of Canada explores two competing explanations: …
Perception And Reality In Congressional Earmarks, Michael H. Crespin, Charles J. Finocchiaro, Emily O. Wanless
Perception And Reality In Congressional Earmarks, Michael H. Crespin, Charles J. Finocchiaro, Emily O. Wanless
Faculty Publications
Earmarks added to appropriations bills have generated a considerable amount of attention from the media, politicians, and fiscal watchdog groups. Taken as a whole, three 'truths' about earmarks are frequently discussed: 1) earmarks are the reason for large budget deficits, 2) using omnibus legislation instead of regular order leads to more earmarks, and 3) 'airdropped' earmarks added at the conference stage compound the problem of pork. In this paper, we examine these 'truths' and find the conventional wisdom does not stand up to empirical tests. Finally, we show how Congress easily worked around new rules concerning the addition of earmarks …
Judicial Decision Making In The Supreme Court Of Canada: Updating The Personal Attribute Model, Donald R. Songer, Susan W. Johnson
Judicial Decision Making In The Supreme Court Of Canada: Updating The Personal Attribute Model, Donald R. Songer, Susan W. Johnson
Faculty Publications
This study seeks to add to the current understanding of the political nature of the Supreme Court of Canada. We analyze a data set consisting of all nonunanimous published Supreme Court decisions for the period 1949 to 2000. A prior study by Tate and Sittiwong (1989) suggested a model of judge attributes for the period 1949 to 1985. We build on that analysis by extending the time period to 2000, which allows the impact of gender also to be assessed. We find that since the Court gained substantial docket control, the types of cases the Court hears has changed from …
Elicited Priors For Bayesian Model Specifications In Political Science Research, Jeff Gill, Lee D. Walker
Elicited Priors For Bayesian Model Specifications In Political Science Research, Jeff Gill, Lee D. Walker
Faculty Publications
We explain how to use elicited priors in Bayesian political science research. These are a form of prior information produced by previous knowledge from structured interviews with subjective area experts who have little or no concern for the statistical aspects of the project. The purpose is to introduce qualitative and area-specific information into an empirical model in a systematic and organized manner in order to produce parsimonious yet realistic implications. Currently, there is no work in political science that articulates elicited priors in a Bayesian specification. We demonstrate the value of the approach by applying elicited priors to a problem …
Making Law In The United States Courts Of Appeals., Donald R. Songer
Making Law In The United States Courts Of Appeals., Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Teaching Green: Experimenting With Green Values In The Classroom, David Whiteman
Teaching Green: Experimenting With Green Values In The Classroom, David Whiteman
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Judicial Review In State Supreme Courts: A Comparative Study By Laura Langer, Donald R. Songer
Judicial Review In State Supreme Courts: A Comparative Study By Laura Langer, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, And Human Rights, By Daniel E. Price, Shahrough Akhavi
Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, And Human Rights, By Daniel E. Price, Shahrough Akhavi
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Ethics For Adversaries: The Morality Of Roles In Public And Professional Life By Arthur Isak Applbaum, Daniel R. Sabia
Ethics For Adversaries: The Morality Of Roles In Public And Professional Life By Arthur Isak Applbaum, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Strategic Auditing In A Political Hierarchy: An Informational Model Of The Supreme Court's Certiorari Decisions, Charles M. Cameron, Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald Songer
Strategic Auditing In A Political Hierarchy: An Informational Model Of The Supreme Court's Certiorari Decisions, Charles M. Cameron, Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald Songer
Faculty Publications
We examine how the Supreme Court uses signals and indices from lower courts to determine which cases to review. In our game theoretic model, a higher court cues from publicly observable case facts, the known preferences of a lower court and its derision. The lower court attempts to enforce its own preferences, exploiting ambiguity in cases' fact patterns. In equilibrium, a conservative higher court declines to review conservative decisions from lower courts regardless of the facts of die case or the relative ideology of the judges. But a conservative higher court probabilistically reviews liberal decisions, with the "audit rate" tied …
Majority Rule Or Minority Will: Adherence To Precedent On The Us Supreme Court By Harold J. Spaeth And Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald R. Songer
Majority Rule Or Minority Will: Adherence To Precedent On The Us Supreme Court By Harold J. Spaeth And Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Call Screening - Is It Really A Problem For Survey Research?, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Call Screening - Is It Really A Problem For Survey Research?, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Japanese Civil Service And Economic Development: Catalysts Of Change Eds. Hyung-Ki Kim, Michio Muramatsu, And T. J. Pempel, Robert C. Angel
The Japanese Civil Service And Economic Development: Catalysts Of Change Eds. Hyung-Ki Kim, Michio Muramatsu, And T. J. Pempel, Robert C. Angel
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Social Construction And White Attitudes Toward Equal Opportunity And Multiculturalism, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Social Construction And White Attitudes Toward Equal Opportunity And Multiculturalism, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Faculty Publications
As the United States moves from being a predominantly biracial to a multiracial society, racial attitudes continue to become more diverse and more complex. Scholars need to address these changes not only in terms of black and white Americans, but also how these changes involve and affect other racial groups, particularly Asian and Hispanic Americans. This inquiry looks at some of these complexities by examining how social construction differentials in the minds of white Americans affect their attitudes toward the issues of equal opportunity and multiculturalism. The analysis shows that differences in the cognitive images whites hold of minority groups …
Attention To Candidates And Issues In Newspaper Coverage Of 1992 Presidential Campaign, Gordon Mantler, David Whiteman
Attention To Candidates And Issues In Newspaper Coverage Of 1992 Presidential Campaign, Gordon Mantler, David Whiteman
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Morality And American Foreign Policy By Robert W. Mcelroy Traditions And Values In Politics And Diplomacy By Kenneth W. Thompson, William P. Kreml
Morality And American Foreign Policy By Robert W. Mcelroy Traditions And Values In Politics And Diplomacy By Kenneth W. Thompson, William P. Kreml
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Aggregate Vote Functions For The Us. Presidency, Senate, And House, Henry W. Chappell, Motoshi Suzuki
Aggregate Vote Functions For The Us. Presidency, Senate, And House, Henry W. Chappell, Motoshi Suzuki
Faculty Publications
Estimates vote functions for presidential, House and Senate elections following the premise that vote functions are likely to be related. Use of a seemingly unrelated regressions technique adapted to the case of unequal numbers of observations across equations; On-year versus mid-term congressional elections parameters; Influence of economic variables on election outcomes; Incumbency effects.
Ideology, Status, And The Differential Success Of Direct Parties Before The Supreme Court, Reginald S. Sheehan, William Mishler, Donald R. Songer
Ideology, Status, And The Differential Success Of Direct Parties Before The Supreme Court, Reginald S. Sheehan, William Mishler, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
A substantial literature on lower federal courts and state courts suggests that the "haves" usually come out ahead in litigation because they possess superior resources for it and they reap advantages from their repeat player status. We investigate the success of 10 categories of litigants before the Warren, Burger, and Rehnquist Courts to determine whether the resources or experience of litigants has effects on Supreme Court outcomes paralleling those found in the courts below. While different categories of litigants are found to have very different rates of success, those differences do not consistently favor litigants with greater resources. A time …
The Eagle And The Lion: The Tragedy Of American-Iranian Relations, By James A. Bill, Shahrough Akhavi
The Eagle And The Lion: The Tragedy Of American-Iranian Relations, By James A. Bill, Shahrough Akhavi
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Politics, Innocence And The Limits Of Goodness By Peter Johnson, Daniel R. Sabia
Politics, Innocence And The Limits Of Goodness By Peter Johnson, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Political Ideas Of Leo Strauss By Shadia B. Drury, Daniel R. Sabia
The Political Ideas Of Leo Strauss By Shadia B. Drury, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
What Do They Know And When Do They Know It? Health Staff On The Hill, David Whiteman
What Do They Know And When Do They Know It? Health Staff On The Hill, David Whiteman
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Between Philosophy And Politics: The Alienation Of Political Theory By John G. Gunnell, Daniel R. Sabia
Between Philosophy And Politics: The Alienation Of Political Theory By John G. Gunnell, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Nationalism, Ethnocentrism And Personality By H. D. Forbes, William P. Kreml
Nationalism, Ethnocentrism And Personality By H. D. Forbes, William P. Kreml
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Political Education And The History Of Political Thought, Daniel R. Sabia
Political Education And The History Of Political Thought, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
Texts designed to introduce political science students to the history of political thought or to past political theories have been commonplace in the discipline, as have disputes about their pedagogical utility or justifiability, and methodological debates concerning their adequacy or legitimacy. In an effort to address these disputes and some of these debates, I construct three models of historiographical inquiry. Each model represents a particular approach, and each is defined in terms of three common features. The methodological debates are joined both indirectly and directly: indirectly by identifying clearly the majorfeatures and purposes of these approaches, and directly by consideration …
Against Epistemology - Comment, Daniel R. Sabia
Against Epistemology - Comment, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Alliance Behavior In 19th-Century Europe, Patrick J. Mcgowan, Robert M. Rood
Alliance Behavior In 19th-Century Europe, Patrick J. Mcgowan, Robert M. Rood
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Alliance Behavior In Balance Of Power Systems - Applying A Poisson Model To 19th-Century Europe, Patrick J. Mcgowan, Robert M. Rood
Alliance Behavior In Balance Of Power Systems - Applying A Poisson Model To 19th-Century Europe, Patrick J. Mcgowan, Robert M. Rood
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.