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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
How Transnational Advocacy Networks Mobilize: Applying The Literature On Interest Groups To International Action, Christina Kiel
How Transnational Advocacy Networks Mobilize: Applying The Literature On Interest Groups To International Action, Christina Kiel
Josef Korbel Journal of Advanced International Studies
Transnational advocacy networks (TANs) receive increasing attention in international relations, but little has been written so far about the initial formation of networks and the ways concerned organizations or individuals build a transnational coalition. Difficulties of group mobilization pose a particular puzzle: Why do actors in one country organize around an issue in another country, especially when the resolution of the issue apparently benefits only local actors? When do national/international groups become active and how do local actors facilitate their mobilization? In this paper I argue that in order to get support from international organizations, local groups acting as entrepreneurs …
Trips Implementation And Strategic Health Policy In India And Brazil, Sarath K. Ganji
Trips Implementation And Strategic Health Policy In India And Brazil, Sarath K. Ganji
Josef Korbel Journal of Advanced International Studies
In both the economic and political realm, India and Brazil exhibit similar interests and policies. Yet, in the area of intellectual property rights (IPRs)—in particular, generic production of antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV/AIDS—these nations’ policies differ. India, for example, has exercised a policy of strategic cooperation with the United States and pharmaceutical companies, while Brazil has pursued a policy of strategic restraint. Why is this so? These differing approaches can be attributed to the manner in which these two nations initially implemented the defining IPR agreement, the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). India’s …
Are Small And Medium States Superior To Large? The Role A State’S Size Plays In Regional Integration, Jerome Marston
Are Small And Medium States Superior To Large? The Role A State’S Size Plays In Regional Integration, Jerome Marston
Josef Korbel Journal of Advanced International Studies
This study examines the relationship between a state’s size and regional integration. Specifically, this study empirically focuses on whether a particular size of state plays a disproportionate role in establishing regional institutions. This paper undertakes research in an attempt to settle a dispute that has arisen within the literature. Expressly, whether it is small, medium, or large states that encourage regional integration and furthermore whether the former two in fact resist the latter’s attempts to do so. In an effort to resolve this debate, the paper explores critical time periods in the establishment of the European Union and MERCOSUR. This …
Do Democratic Candidates Suffer ‘Audience Costs’?, Lionel Beehner
Do Democratic Candidates Suffer ‘Audience Costs’?, Lionel Beehner
Josef Korbel Journal of Advanced International Studies
The literature on “domestic audience costs” focuses mainly on threats made by democratic leaders to signal credible commitments. Yet it largely ignores pledges made by democratic candidates along the campaign trail. Candidates often engage in a rhetorical “arms race” with each other to project resolve to voters on issues of international relations, whether it is protecting the country, fighting terrorism, or standing up to foreign aggression. Yet, unlike other audience costs, candidates face a conflict of preferences based on competing time horizons. That is, the short-term incentives (winning votes) for taking more hard-line stances can outweigh the long-term costs (getting …