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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 83
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Refugee Resettlement And Family Reunification In Canada, Yohannes Kenningd Woonssi Sawassi Ys Sawassi
Refugee Resettlement And Family Reunification In Canada, Yohannes Kenningd Woonssi Sawassi Ys Sawassi
Master's Theses
This thesis addresses the plight of Sub-Saharan Africans who are now Canadians and are trying to settle in a new country in order to reunite with their family members. However, rather than assisting with process of resettlement, current Canadian policy has the opposite effect. It appears to create a route by which people can sponsor their loved ones, but in reality the nature of the process is arduous and filled with time delays, regulatory and processing issues and other kinds of difficulties. Consequently, what therefore appears as a hopeful situation ends up creating despair. This situation is particularly hard for …
Impact Of Improving Throughput In The Emergency Department, Katherine J. Edrington
Impact Of Improving Throughput In The Emergency Department, Katherine J. Edrington
Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects
The purpose of this project was to evaluate the patient experience in the emergency department (ED) and in the inpatient setting while correlating increased throughput and patient outcomes at a suburban Acute Care facility in Ohio. The culture in the organization has lacked accountability and ownership of the patients. The ED admitted length of stay (ALOS) was 358 minutes in the beginning of 2013. For the first time in the organization’s history, the ED ALOS is now typically less than the recommended benchmark of 300 minutes. A report of findings among ED’s surveyed showed the ALOS best practice is 244 …
Implementing And Evaluating A Clinical Information Interface Between An Electronic Medical Record And A Patient Classification System, Tanya Osborne-Mckenzie
Implementing And Evaluating A Clinical Information Interface Between An Electronic Medical Record And A Patient Classification System, Tanya Osborne-Mckenzie
Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects
As a result of the Affordable Care Act and the Institute of Medicine’s initiatives, hospitals are challenged to improve outcomes as efficiently as possible. How does the national initiative of RNs partnering with other healthcare professionals to improve the quality of patient care at a lower cost, cascade down to individual organizations? One answer may come by focusing on nurse staffing in acute care hospitals. Considering the impact RNs have on patient quality outcomes and the bottom line of hospitals, appropriate management of the RN workforce is one of the most important areas hospitals can focus on in order to …
Beyond The Economic: The Freedoms, Capabilities, And Social Capital Of Latin American Women Entrepreneurs In San Francisco, Melia M. Vilain
Beyond The Economic: The Freedoms, Capabilities, And Social Capital Of Latin American Women Entrepreneurs In San Francisco, Melia M. Vilain
Master's Theses
In light of the scholarly debate surrounding the goals and mixed effects of development programs, particularly in recent years in relation to microfinance, this study investigates the effects of economic development programs on Latin American women entrepreneurs in San Francisco’s Mission District. It demonstrates that microfinance, when combined with education, can provide important non-economic benefits that contribute to increased freedoms and capabilities for immigrant women entrepreneurs. Drawing on qualitative interviews with ten business owners, as well as a review of the existing literature surrounding development, immigration, and gender, this research argues that owning a business in the US can produce …
Does Thorium Have A Place In The Future U.S. Electricity Mix?, Danny West
Does Thorium Have A Place In The Future U.S. Electricity Mix?, Danny West
Master's Projects and Capstones
Thorium is an alternative fuel source for nuclear energy. Coupled with its use in a new reactor design, called a Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor, the two have the ability to disrupt the nuclear industry and power sector. Nuclear energy is a clean and reliable source of energy; however, it generates hazardous waste that must be stored away for hundreds of thousands of years and power plants are at risk of a catastrophic incident that can lead to a wide scale release of radiation. These drawbacks to nuclear energy can be mitigated using thorium in a Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor. These …
An Evaluation Of Mental Health And Methadone: Anxiety, Depression, And Drug Use, Gursimran Khahera
An Evaluation Of Mental Health And Methadone: Anxiety, Depression, And Drug Use, Gursimran Khahera
Master's Projects and Capstones
As a part of the Masters of Science in Behavioral Health field placement, an evaluation was conducted of the integrated treatment plan in mental health and substance abuse at Bay Area Addiction Research and Treatment (BAART) programs. The goal of the BAART programs are to provide comprehensive mental health and substance abuse outpatient recovery services, as well as on-site primary health care services for substance users, mainly opioid use. There is a link between increased substance abuse and increased rates of depression and anxiety. These disorders use the same neuro chemical pathway and are highly codependent upon one another. Because …
Into The Red: A Look Into The Reasons Why Refugees Decide To Flee, Settle Or Migrate To And From Morocco, Fadeelah E. Holivay
Into The Red: A Look Into The Reasons Why Refugees Decide To Flee, Settle Or Migrate To And From Morocco, Fadeelah E. Holivay
Master's Theses
This research paper explores some of the main reasons why refugees and asylum seekers, particularly from sub-Saharan African countries, embark on a journey and decide to settle, flee or migrate to and from Morocco. Because of this phenomenon, Morocco has seen a 96% increase of refugees migrating to the borders of Morocco each year for the past three years. Many say that this astonishing increase of migrants choosing Morocco is due to such factors as: wars breaking out regionally across central African and Middle Eastern countries causing them to flee; Morocco being a culturaly diverse francophone country whose laws and …
Combating Hiv/Aids In Marginalized Communities: Papua And West Papua Provinces, Indonesia, Bani Cheema
Combating Hiv/Aids In Marginalized Communities: Papua And West Papua Provinces, Indonesia, Bani Cheema
Master's Theses
My study focuses on foreign aid and local initiatives for HIV/AIDS prevention in eastern Indonesia using the provinces of Papua and West Papua as a case study. The two provinces are home to indigenous tribal groups that are socioeconomically marginalized and most affected by the epidemic. My research investigates behavior change communication as a principal strategy undertaken by multiple organizations for HIV/AIDS prevention in this region. I take a qualitative approach by examining the effectiveness of this strategy in local communities and by revealing social and cultural barriers that impede success. Obstacles that negatively impact prevention efforts include structural violence, …
Scholarworks In Seven (7) Minutes, Charlotte Roh
Scholarworks In Seven (7) Minutes, Charlotte Roh
Charlotte Roh
This is a presentation to library staff about ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst, the institutional repository. It includes a brief marketing presentation for faculty and secret slides for librarian training. Please feel free to use and reuse - CCBY.
Participatory Democracy In The Chinese Cyber World: Case Studies From Weibo, Duyi Li
Participatory Democracy In The Chinese Cyber World: Case Studies From Weibo, Duyi Li
Master's Theses
This thesis discusses features of citizen communication on Weibo, the Chinese social media platform, and its relationship to participatory democracy in China. Weibo is a complex social space due to the interplay of different forces and social actors. On the one hand, Weibo provides the space for bottom-up political participation: it expands the horizontal discursive space where plural discourses coexist and interact; provides a social sphere where counter-discourses are created; a space where the culture of resistance is formed; and serves as an alternative source for information. On the other hand, the vertical political control of the state, and the …
Open Education Initiative: University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Marilyn Billings, Charlotte Roh
Open Education Initiative: University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Marilyn Billings, Charlotte Roh
Charlotte Roh
Poster for the Open Education Conference 2014 in Washington, DC. The Open Education Initiative (OEI) began in 2011 as a response to the high cost of textbooks and the burden of student debt as barriers to education and learning. The OEI faculty incentive program provides small grants to faculty for: - the creation of new teaching materials, - the use of library subscription materials, - or the use of existing open (free) information resources to support our students’ learning. It is widely considered a successful program that builds on existing infrastructure and is scalable across big and small institutions. As …
Understanding Intelligent Systems, Tamara Kneese
Understanding Intelligent Systems, Tamara Kneese
Media Studies
Science fiction has long imagined a workforce reshaped by robots, but the increasingly common instantiation of intelligent systems in business is much more mundane. Beyond the utopian and dystopian hype of increased efficiencies and job displacement, how do we understand what disruptions intelligent systems will have on the workforce?
Understanding Fair Labor Practices In A Networked Age, Tamara Kneese
Understanding Fair Labor Practices In A Networked Age, Tamara Kneese
Media Studies
Unionization emerged as a way of protecting labor rights when society shifted from an agricultural ecosystem to one shaped by manufacturing and industrial labor. New networked work complicates the organizing mechanisms that are inherent to unionization. How then do we protect laborers from abuse, poor work conditions, and discrimination?
Technologically Mediated Artisanal Production, Tamara Kneese
Technologically Mediated Artisanal Production, Tamara Kneese
Media Studies
From 3D printing to maker culture, there’s a rise of technical practices that resist large industrial and corporate modes of production, similar to what is occurring in artisanal food and agriculture. While DIY practices are not new, the widespread availability and cheap cost of such tools has the potential to disrupt certain aspects of manufacturing. How do we better understand what is unfolding?
Workplace Surveillance, Tamara Kneese
Workplace Surveillance, Tamara Kneese
Media Studies
Employers have long devised techniques and used new technologies to surveil employees in order to increase efficiency, decrease theft, and otherwise assert power and control over subordinates. New and cheaper networked technologies make surveillance easier to implement, but what are the ramifications of widespread workplace surveillance?
Networked Employment Discrimination, Tamara Kneese
Networked Employment Discrimination, Tamara Kneese
Media Studies
Employers often struggle to assess qualified applicants, particularly in contexts where they receive hundreds of applications for job openings. In an effort to increase efficiency and improve the process, many have begun employing new tools to sift through these applications, looking for signals that a candidate is “the best fit.” Some companies use tools that offer algorithmic assessments of workforce data to identify the variables that lead to stronger employee performance, or to high employee attrition rates, while others turn to third party ranking services to identify the top applicants in a labor pool. Still others eschew automated systems, but …
Closing The Health Disparities Gap Between African American Mothers And Infants And Their Racial And Ethnic Counterparts In Correspondence With The Santa Clara County’S Black Infant Health Program, Hannah Wikkeling
Master's Projects and Capstones
Health disparities and inequities that affect the African American (includes those who consider themselves of African descent and/or Black individuals) women and their babies appear to be less dependent upon age, economic status, or education, as once considered previously. Further, it was thought that the prevalence of diseases and ill health were only attributed to poverty, lack of education/resources and social support. However, although these factors can cause the pervasiveness of disease, there are larger forces at play. Even when African American women have a pregnancy at an optimal age, are well educated, and have adequate income, poor birth outcomes …
At Risk For Ptsd: The Public Health Implications Of Trauma, Madeline Peyton
At Risk For Ptsd: The Public Health Implications Of Trauma, Madeline Peyton
Master's Projects and Capstones
The fieldwork experience is the summation of six semesters of graduate level public health training. At commencement, students are to be proficient in basic data analysis and epidemiological principles, in how environmental risks impact health, and demonstrate strong program planning, evaluation and leadership skills. Throughout, students are encouraged to focus their academic work on an area of public health that interest them and on a problem that they hope to impact in their professional work. I continued in an area I began as an undergraduate student of medical anthropology and explored the systems that interact to influence mental health of …
County Of San Mateo Adolescent Report 2014-2015 Youth And Adults Working Together For A Healthy Future, Vanessa D. Bolton
County Of San Mateo Adolescent Report 2014-2015 Youth And Adults Working Together For A Healthy Future, Vanessa D. Bolton
Master's Projects and Capstones
The purpose of this paper is to highlight my fieldwork experience with the County of San Mateo Health System’s Health Policy and Planning Unit. Under the guidance of a Community Health Planner, my scope of work was within the area of school wellness, ranging from an adolescent report publication to researching breakfast in the classroom models to attending district wellness policy meetings. The San Mateo County Adolescent Report took precedence over most of the school wellness projects and initiatives because it was seeking to identify the needs of the County’s youth using evidence from various data sources and to develop …
Qr Codes For The Dead, Tamara Kneese
Qr Codes For The Dead, Tamara Kneese
Media Studies
Graveyards are becoming smart spaces, but will today's technology last for eternity?
Aiding And Abetting: The Illegality Of Morocco's Nationalist Expansion Into Western Sahara And Their Support From The United States, Rachid H. Yousfi
Aiding And Abetting: The Illegality Of Morocco's Nationalist Expansion Into Western Sahara And Their Support From The United States, Rachid H. Yousfi
Master's Theses
This paper will address the illegality of Morocco’s nationalist annexation of Western Sahara and how the United States plays the accommodating role through the selling of arms, economic aid, and diplomatic support. Considered as Africa’s last colony, the Saharawi people have not experienced the basic human right to self-determination and the right for independence. These rights are continued to be withheld for the sake of Moroccan nationalism and their “rightful and ethnic” claims to the territory, disregarding the International Court of Justice (ICJ)’s advisory opinion ruling in favor of Saharawi self-determination. It explores the chronology of the Saharawi population from …
Fdi And Technical Efficiency In Manufacturing Firms: A Stochastic Frontier Approach, Yue Zhou
Fdi And Technical Efficiency In Manufacturing Firms: A Stochastic Frontier Approach, Yue Zhou
Master's Theses
In this paper, firm-level data from manufacturing sector in five African countries is obtained to estimate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on firm’s technical efficiency. Unbalanced panel data over period of 1991-2003 shows that the existence of FDI has a significant impact on domestic firms’ technical efficiency. The results remain robust after controlling for country and year fixed effect. Other determinants of technical efficiency are investigated as well and the results show that firm size and export behavior increases efficiency while firm age lowers efficiency
Typhoons And Lower Birth Weight In The Philippines, Sarah Morrow
Typhoons And Lower Birth Weight In The Philippines, Sarah Morrow
Master's Theses
Do typhoons impact birth weights of infants exposed to a typhoon while in utero? This research exploits the exogeneity and randomness of typhoons in the Philippines to estimate the impact of typhoon exposure as determined by wind speed on birth weights. Using four waves of the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from the Philippines combined with temperature, precipitation, and rainfall data from the Philippines, I can empirically estimate the impact of a 1 m/s increase in wind speed on birth weights. I find that for certain subgroups of the population, specifically children born to mothers with primary education or …
Heterogeneous Effects Of Commodity Price Shocks On Inflation Rates. Evidence From A Panel Study., Odbayar Batmunkh
Heterogeneous Effects Of Commodity Price Shocks On Inflation Rates. Evidence From A Panel Study., Odbayar Batmunkh
Master's Theses
Do commodity price shocks have heterogeneous effect on countries based on their export and import profiles? I address this question through a panel study of 142 countries using Export and Import Indexes aimed at differentiating the retail pass-through and fiscal balance channel of transmission of Commodity Price shocks on inflation. The results show that an increase in the Export Index leads to a decrease in contemporary inflation while an increase in the Import Index leads to an increase in inflation in the next year. Average causal mediating effect of the Export Index on Inflation through the Fiscal Balance was shown …
Leadership And Communication As Opportunities For Growth: Refining Discipline With Cross Cultural Relationships Beyond The Classroom, Sabrina D. Sanchez
Leadership And Communication As Opportunities For Growth: Refining Discipline With Cross Cultural Relationships Beyond The Classroom, Sabrina D. Sanchez
Master's Projects and Capstones
Overt disciplinary tactics disproportionately affect scholars of color. This field project aims to shed light on discipline policies across a variety of learning environments and provide scholars of color with the opportunity to self-advocate. I utilize a culturally relevant pedagogy in my framework component to stress the need for reciprocal relationships based on dignity and mutual respect. I provide effective alternative strategies, framed by culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP) and Gregory and Mosely’s theory of culturally relevant discipline (CRD), for addressing misconduct that emphasize stronger communication and greater leadership opportunities. My project consists of three parts: a modified communications policy in …
The Economic Impact Of Wheelchairs For The Disabled In Ethiopia, Justin L. Grider
The Economic Impact Of Wheelchairs For The Disabled In Ethiopia, Justin L. Grider
Master's Theses
Abstract: How do wheelchairs impact income and the possible channels of employment status and time allocation for the physically disabled? In order to improve opportunities for people with disability, it is imperative to know the effect that a wheelchair has on the lives of the disabled. Estimates from 261 participants across Addis Ababa, Ethiopia were taken to estimate a wheelchair’s impact across numerous time, economic and distance variables. I demonstrate how nearest neighbor covariate matching methods can be used to estimate how wheelchair beneficiaries would have fared had they not been given a wheelchair. Results show that current wheelchair users …
How Is Sectoral Fdi Affecting Firms’ Performance In Mozambique?, Nilza A. Abdurramane
How Is Sectoral Fdi Affecting Firms’ Performance In Mozambique?, Nilza A. Abdurramane
Master's Theses
I study the effect of sectoral FDI on firms’ performance in Mozambique from 2007 to 2010 through productivity and efficiency functions, using comprehensive firm level data. Although foreign ownership has a positive effect on firms’ productivity, my results show that in general, sectoral FDI has a negative and statistically significant effect on Mozambican firms’ productivity. The findings of this study are similar to previous studies that argued that positive foreign spillovers were not automatic. Using a stochastic frontier model, to measure efficiency, I find that in general foreign firms tend to be more efficient than domestic firms. However, using this …
Impact Of Mobile Money Usage On Microenterprise Evidence From Zambia, Laura I. Frederick
Impact Of Mobile Money Usage On Microenterprise Evidence From Zambia, Laura I. Frederick
Master's Theses
Mobile money payment systems have spread rapidly around the world in the last decade. Given developing countries are powered by informal economies that traditionally have had limited access to information technologies, mobile payment system infrastructure has the potential to transform the way microenterprises conduct business. Through a pilot study in Livingstone, Zambia, I examine the effect of mobile money usage on microenterprise profits. I employ an instrumental variable strategy using the type of mobile operator as the instrument to address the selection bias in adoption, as mobile money services are available to everyone. In this urban context, I find initial …
Can Community Water Projects Combat Child Diarrhea? Results From The Solomon Islands, Thomas G. Sackman
Can Community Water Projects Combat Child Diarrhea? Results From The Solomon Islands, Thomas G. Sackman
Master's Theses
There is a vast amount of existing literature that has empirically scrutinized whether or not community water projects have the ability to mitigate diarrheal disease. A strong and persistent belief thinks that community water projects do have the means, however, over the decades empirical work commonly finds this to simply not be true. This study expands the research question to the Solomon Islands. The research tests the hypothesis using a differences-in-differences identification strategy by utilizing the government’s staggered timing rollout of community water subprojects with whether or not a village received a community water subproject to test for a program …
Matrilineal Asset Inheritance, Female Bargaining Power, And Household Welfare In Malawi, Nicholas T. Garcia
Matrilineal Asset Inheritance, Female Bargaining Power, And Household Welfare In Malawi, Nicholas T. Garcia
Master's Theses
Matrilineal inheritance practices in Malawi exogenously determine female land holdings at the time of marriage, allowing for the identification of the effect of increased female bargaining power on household consumption decisions. I use the matrilineal ethnicity of the head of household as an instrument for the share of total household land inherited by the female head or male head’s wife. I find that child’s height-for-age decreases with female assets, and evidence suggesting increased consumption from households’ own production. Since the food basket from own consumption is high in carbs but not nutritious, long-term child health suffers despite receiving more resources …