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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
La Patentes Como Límite A La Innovación Tecnológica, Alejandro Pérez Y Soto Dominguez, Katherine Flórez Pinilla
La Patentes Como Límite A La Innovación Tecnológica, Alejandro Pérez Y Soto Dominguez, Katherine Flórez Pinilla
Alejandro Pérez y Soto Dominguez
El presente artículo analiza, desde el marco de la Escuela Austriaca, la propiedad intelectual reflejada en las patentes, entendidas como un mecanismo del legislador para incentivar una conducta empresarial que propenda por la innovación y el desarrollo tecnológico. Se tomó como caso las patentes en el sector farmacéutico, obteniendo a partir de éste evidencia empírica la corroboración de las hipótesis de la escuela, por medio de un análisis teórico a la luz de los problemas identificados alrededor de la patente, tales como: discriminación de precios, investigación parcializada en ciertas enfermedades, poder de mercado ilimitado, barreras al desarrollo tecnológico nacional, altos …
Patentes Como Límite A La Innovación Tecnológica, Katherine Florez Pinilla, Alejandro Perez Y Soto Domínguez
Patentes Como Límite A La Innovación Tecnológica, Katherine Florez Pinilla, Alejandro Perez Y Soto Domínguez
KATHERINE FLOREZ PINILLA
El presente artículo pretende analizar, desde el marco de la Escuela Austriaca, la propiedad intelectual reflejada en las patentes, entendidas como un mecanismo del legislador para incentivar una conducta empresarial que propenda por la innovación y el desarrollo tecnológico. Se tomó como caso las patentes en el sector farmacéutico, obteniendo a partir de éste evidencia empírica la corroboración de las hipótesis de la escuela, por medio de un análisis teórico a la luz de los problemas identificados alrededor de la patente, tales como: discriminación de precios, investigación parcializada en ciertas enfermedades, poder de mercado ilimitado, barreras al desarrollo tecnológico nacional, …
Behavioral Economics: Origins, Methodology And “Work Tools”, Daniel A. Monroy
Behavioral Economics: Origins, Methodology And “Work Tools”, Daniel A. Monroy
Daniel A Monroy C
This paper has two main objectives: (i) The main objective is to propose a theoretical and methodological delimitation of the Behavioral Economics approach. In this point, the paper argues that such delimitation involves a permanent tension with the hypotheses of rational choice theory of human behavior. (ii) The secondary objective of the paper focuses on the methodology submitted, for this, we present a couple of case studies in order to explain and test such methodology. Furthermore, the case studies will allow us to determinate some work tools of the Behavioral Economics approach.
How Do You Persuade Someone You Do Not Know?, H.C. Yi
How Do You Persuade Someone You Do Not Know?, H.C. Yi
Hyun Chang Yi
We examine the potential for communication via cheap talk between an expert and a decision maker whose type (or preferences) is uncertain. The expert privately observes multiple aspects of an issue and persuades the decision maker to choose an action in his favour by informing the decision maker about the issue. The decision maker privately observes her type and chooses an action. The optimal action for the decision maker depends upon her type and the state of the issue. We find that, in one-way cheap talk games where only the expert talks, the expert can always inform the decision maker …
Un Repaso. Desde La Mano Invisible A La Resurrección De Keynes, Francisco Carlos Ruiz Diaz
Un Repaso. Desde La Mano Invisible A La Resurrección De Keynes, Francisco Carlos Ruiz Diaz
Francisco Carlos Ruiz Diaz
La revolución industrial capitalista y la consolidación de la economía liberal, cambiaron el curso de la historia. Hoy por hoy, el desarrollo de la tecnología y la capacidad de la economía para interpretar estos avances han desplazado a la filosofía como fuente de transformación y cambio del sistema mundial. En las relaciones internacionales, por ejemplo, las doctrinas westfalianas de seguridad y soberanía han sido debilitadas por la globalización y la nterdependencia económica. En el campo social, los problemas de la pobreza, de la distribución de ingreso y de la falta de acceso a las oportunidades, son comprensibles a la luz …
Voice Without Say: Why Capital-Managed Firms Aren’T (Genuinely) Participatory, Justin Schwartz
Voice Without Say: Why Capital-Managed Firms Aren’T (Genuinely) Participatory, Justin Schwartz
Justin Schwartz
Why are most capitalist enterprises of any size organized as authoritarian bureaucracies rather than incorporating genuine employee participation that would give the workers real authority? Even firms with employee participation programs leave virtually all decision-making power in the hands of management. The standard answer is that hierarchy is more economically efficient than any sort of genuine participation, so that participatory firms would be less productive and lose out to more traditional competitors. This answer is indefensible. After surveying the history, legal status, and varieties of employee participation, I examine and reject as question-begging the argument that the rarity of genuine …
A Theory Without A Movement, A Hope Without A Name: The Future Of Marxism In A Post-Marxist World, Justin Schwartz
A Theory Without A Movement, A Hope Without A Name: The Future Of Marxism In A Post-Marxist World, Justin Schwartz
Justin Schwartz
Just as Marx's insights into capitalism have been most strikingly vindicated by the rise of neoliberalism and the near-collapse of the world economy, Marxism as social movement has become bereft of support. Is there any point in people who find Marx's analysis useful in clinging to the term "Marxism" - which Marx himself rejected -- at time when self-identified Marxist organizations and societies have collapsed or renounced the identification, and Marxism own working class constituency rejects the term? I set aside bad reasons to give on "Marxism," such as that the theory is purportedly refuted, that its adoption leads necessarily …
Neoliberalism And The Law: How Historical Materialism Can Illuminate Recent Governmental And Judicial Decision Making, Justin Schwartz
Neoliberalism And The Law: How Historical Materialism Can Illuminate Recent Governmental And Judicial Decision Making, Justin Schwartz
Justin Schwartz
Neoliberalism can be understood as the deregulation of the economy from political control by deliberate action or inaction of the state. As such it is both constituted by the law and deeply affects it. I show how the methods of historical materialism can illuminate this phenomenon in all three branches of the the U.S. government. Considering the example the global financial crisis of 2007-08 that began with the housing bubble developing from trade in unregulated and overvalued mortgage backed securities, I show how the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, which established a firewall between commercial and investment banking, allowed this …
Unemployment And Endogenous Reallocation Over The Business Cycle, Ludo Visschers, Carlos Carrillo-Tudela
Unemployment And Endogenous Reallocation Over The Business Cycle, Ludo Visschers, Carlos Carrillo-Tudela
Ludo Visschers
We build an analytically and computationally tractable stochastic equilibrium model of unemployment in heterogeneous labor markets. Facing search frictions within markets and reallocation frictions between markets, workers endogenously separate from employment and endogenously reallocate between markets, in response to changing aggregate and local conditions. Empirically, using the 1986-2008 SIPP panels, we document the occupational mobility patterns of the unemployed, finding notably that occupational change of unemployed workers is procyclical. The heterogeneous-market model yields highly volatile countercyclical unemployment, and is simultaneously consistent with procyclical reallocation, countercyclical separations and a negatively-sloped Beveridge curve. Moreover, the model exhibits unemployment duration dependence, which (when …
La Gestione Dei Diritti Delevisivi Sportivi: Is It All About Weltanschauung?, Valerio Cosimo Romano
La Gestione Dei Diritti Delevisivi Sportivi: Is It All About Weltanschauung?, Valerio Cosimo Romano
Valerio Cosimo Romano
No abstract provided.
Persuasive Communication When The Sender's Incentives Are Uncertain, Paan Jindapon, Carlos Oyarzun
Persuasive Communication When The Sender's Incentives Are Uncertain, Paan Jindapon, Carlos Oyarzun
Carlos Oyarzun
We study persuasion in a modified Crawford-Sobel sender-receiver game in which the receiver makes a binary decision to accept or reject a good recommended by the sender. The good's quality and the sender's type (neutral or biased) are not observable to the receiver. These slight alterations yield a simple model with a unique equilibrium in which neutral senders fully separate. The neutral sender can only communicate low quality levels with precision and the biased sender adopts a mixed strategy that on average can successfully persuade the receiver to accept the good. This strategy is robust under competition between multiple senders. …
Learning And Risk Aversion, Carlos Oyarzun, Rajiv Sarin
Learning And Risk Aversion, Carlos Oyarzun, Rajiv Sarin
Carlos Oyarzun
Abstract We study the manner in which learning shapes behavior towards risk when individuals are not assumed to know, or to have beliefs about, probability distributions. In any period, the behavior change induced by learning is assumed to depend on the action chosen and the payoff obtained. We characterize learning processes that, in expected value, increase the probability of choosing the safest (or riskiest) actions and provide sufficient conditions for them to converge, in the long run, to the choices of risk averse (or risk seeking) expected utility maximizers. We provide a learning theoretic motivation for long run risk choices, …
A Unifying Impossibility Theorem For Compact Metric Social Alternative Space, Priscilla Man, Shino Takayama
A Unifying Impossibility Theorem For Compact Metric Social Alternative Space, Priscilla Man, Shino Takayama
Priscilla Man
In a companion paper [Man, P. and Takayama, S., 2013 "A Unifying Impossibility Theorem", Economic Theory, forthcoming], we show that many classical impossibility theorems follow from three simple and intuitive axioms on the social choice correspondence when the set of social alternatives is finite. This supplementary note extends this result to the case where the set of social alternatives is a compact metric space.
A Spatial Approach To Energy Economics, Juan B. Moreno-Cruz, M Scott Taylor
A Spatial Approach To Energy Economics, Juan B. Moreno-Cruz, M Scott Taylor
Juan B. Moreno-Cruz
We develop a spatial model of energy exploitation where energy sources are differentiated by their geographic location and energy density. The spatial setting creates a scaling law that magnifies the importance of differences across energy sources. As a result, renewable sources twice as dense, provide eight times the supply; and all new non-renewable resource plays must first boom and then bust. For both renewable and non-renewable energy sources we link the size of exploitation zones and energy supplies to energy density, and provide empirical measures of key model attributes using data on solar, wind, biomass, and fossil fuel energy sources. …
Adaptive Learning In Finitely Repeated Games, Naoki Funai
Adaptive Learning In Finitely Repeated Games, Naoki Funai
Naoki Funai
This paper investigates the way in which adaptive players behave in the long-run in finitely repeated games. Each player assigns subjective payoff assessments to his own actions and chooses the action which has the highest assessment at each of his information sets. After receiving payoffs, players update their own assessments of chosen actions using the realized payoffs in an adaptive manner; we consider the updating rules of Watkins and Dayan (1992) and Sarin and Vahid (1999). When players experience random shocks on their assessments, players' behavior strategies converge to a unique agent quantal response equilibrium (McKelvey and Palfrey, 1998) if …