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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
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- Peer-Reviewed Publications (5)
- Journal Articles (4)
- Research Publication (3)
- Distractors (2)
- Close encounters (1)
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- Conference Presentations without Proceedings (1)
- Distance (1)
- Internal depth (1)
- Multiple object tracking (1)
- Multiple-object tracking (1)
- Papers and Publications (1)
- Peer Reviewed Articles (1)
- Perceived (1)
- Rotating objects (1)
- Speed (1)
- Target features (1)
- Targets (1)
- Texture discontinuities (1)
- Translating objects (1)
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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Age-Related Concomitants Of Obtaining Mental Health Care In Adulthood, Erin L. Woodhead, R. C. Cronkite, R. H. Moos, H. Valenstein, C. Timko
Age-Related Concomitants Of Obtaining Mental Health Care In Adulthood, Erin L. Woodhead, R. C. Cronkite, R. H. Moos, H. Valenstein, C. Timko
Erin L. Woodhead
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Older Adults’ Experience With Psychotherapy On Treatment Engagement, Erin L. Woodhead, I. I. Ivan, E. E. Emery
Impact Of Older Adults’ Experience With Psychotherapy On Treatment Engagement, Erin L. Woodhead, I. I. Ivan, E. E. Emery
Erin L. Woodhead
The goal of the study was to characterize older adults' experience with psychotherapy and examine its impact on engagement in psychotherapy. The study included 50 adults over age 60 who screened positive for depression and participated in the BRIGHTEN Program, an interdisciplinary geriatric mental health program. Qualitative analyses revealed five themes leading to treatment initiation: health concerns, family issues, the experience of depressive symptoms, beliefs about what participants could get from psychotherapy, and positive outcomes seen in others. Those without a history of mental health treatment were more likely to endorse health concerns as a treatment motivator and were more …
Speed Has An Effect On Multiple-Object Tracking Independently Of The Number Of Close Encounters Between Targets And Distractors, Cary S. Feria
Speed Has An Effect On Multiple-Object Tracking Independently Of The Number Of Close Encounters Between Targets And Distractors, Cary S. Feria
Cary S. Feria
Multiple-object tracking (MOT) studies have shown that tracking ability declines as object speed increases. However, this might be attributed solely to the increased number of times that target and distractor objects usually pass close to each other (“close encounters”) when speed is increased, resulting in more target–distractor confusions. The present study investigates whether speed itself affects MOT ability by using displays in which the number of close encounters is held constant across speeds. Observers viewed several pairs of disks, and each pair rotated about the pair’s midpoint and, also, about the center of the display at varying speeds. Results showed …
The Effects Of Distractors In Multiple Object Tracking Are Modulated By The Similarity Of Distractor And Target Features, Cary S. Feria
The Effects Of Distractors In Multiple Object Tracking Are Modulated By The Similarity Of Distractor And Target Features, Cary S. Feria
Cary S. Feria
Is the effect of distractors in multiple object tracking dependent on the distractors sharing the features of the targets? In experiment 1, observers tracked five targets among five distractors that were identical to the targets and a number of additional distractors that were either identical to or featurally distinct from the targets. Results showed that distractors that are distinct from the targets in shape or color, or are stationary, impair tracking less than distractors that are identical to the targets. However, tracking performance declined as the number of distractors increased, even for featurally distinct distractors. Experiment 2 showed that distractors …
Decisional Strategy Determines Whether Frame Influences Treatment Preferences For Medical Decisions, Erin L. Woodhead, E. B. Lynch, B. A. Edelstein
Decisional Strategy Determines Whether Frame Influences Treatment Preferences For Medical Decisions, Erin L. Woodhead, E. B. Lynch, B. A. Edelstein
Erin L. Woodhead
Decision makers are influenced by the frame of information such that preferences vary depending on whether survival or mortality data are presented. Research is inconsistent as to whether and how age impacts framing effects. This paper presents two studies that used qualitative analyses of think-aloud protocols to understand how the type of information used in the decision making process varies by frame and age. In Study 1, 40 older adults, age 65 to 89, and 40 younger adults, age 18 to 24, responded to a hypothetical lung cancer scenario in a within-subject design. Participants received both a survival and mortality …
An Excel Worksheet For Proportion-Judgment Analyses On Number-Line Data, Emily Slusser, Hilary Barth
An Excel Worksheet For Proportion-Judgment Analyses On Number-Line Data, Emily Slusser, Hilary Barth
Emily Slusser
No abstract available.
Usability Of Image Generation Platforms To Produce Oblique World Views, Michael T. Curtis, David Schuster, Florian Jentsch, R. Swanson, Michelle Harper-Sciarini
Usability Of Image Generation Platforms To Produce Oblique World Views, Michael T. Curtis, David Schuster, Florian Jentsch, R. Swanson, Michelle Harper-Sciarini
David Schuster
The interpretation of oblique aerial views in UAV operations is an important task, yet one that provides unique challenges. The human visual system is mal-adapted to visual perception from the air, especially when oblique views are involved. Hence, UAV operators have to be given training in the interpretation of oblique aerial visual stimuli. A novel way to train operators on how to accurately inspect and perceive oblique aerial images is to administer multiple trials of discrimination tasks for paired oblique images. In discrimination training, trainees view pairs of oblique aerial views and determine whether the images are taken from comparable …
Decreasing Physical And Verbal Aggression In A Brain Injured Nursing Home Resident, Erin L. Woodhead, B. A. Edelstein
Decreasing Physical And Verbal Aggression In A Brain Injured Nursing Home Resident, Erin L. Woodhead, B. A. Edelstein
Erin L. Woodhead
Following a traumatic brain injury, patients often suffer a series of psychological and psychiatric sequalae. This study presents the case of Mr. K, a 52-year-old brain-injured nursing home resident who exhibited problematic physical aggression and verbal abuse toward staff and residents. His problem behaviors were intertwined with an ethical issue involving a heterosexual relationship with another resident who also was brain injured. Following a functional assessment of antecedents and consequences, a differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) schedule was implemented. Specifically, the resident was rewarded with short-term and long-term reinforcers following periods of time during which behaviors other than the …
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms Of Dementia: The Effects Of Physical Activity At Adult Day Service Centers, Erin L. Woodhead, S. H. Zarit, E. R. Braungart, M. J. Rovine, E. E. Femia
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms Of Dementia: The Effects Of Physical Activity At Adult Day Service Centers, Erin L. Woodhead, S. H. Zarit, E. R. Braungart, M. J. Rovine, E. E. Femia
Erin L. Woodhead
Adult day services (ADS) are an increasingly popular option for caregivers of people with dementia, but there is little research on the effects of activities on the behavior and mood of the client. This study examines participation by 94 individuals in different types of adult day-care activities and their association with changes in behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) for the client during a three-month span. Three domains of BPSD were examined: restless behaviors, mood behaviors, and positive behaviors. Using growth curve modeling, results show that the restless and mood behavior domains, on average, were stable over three months, …
Judging Distance Across Texture Discontinuities, Cary S. Feria, M. L. Braunstein, G. J. Andersen
Judging Distance Across Texture Discontinuities, Cary S. Feria, M. L. Braunstein, G. J. Andersen
Cary S. Feria
Sinai et al (1998 Nature 395 497 - 500) showed that less distance is perceived along a ground surface that spans two differently textured regions than along a surface that is uniformly textured. We examined the effect of texture continuity on judged distance using computer-generated displays of simulated surfaces in five experiments. Discontinuities were produced by using different textures, the same texture reversed in contrast, or the same texture shifted horizontally. The simulated surface was either a ground plane or a frontoparallel plane. For all textures and both orientations, less distance was judged in the discontinuous conditions than in continuous …
Progress And Opportunities In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender Health Communications, Laurie A. Drabble, J. Keatley, G. Marcelle
Progress And Opportunities In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender Health Communications, Laurie A. Drabble, J. Keatley, G. Marcelle
Laurie A. Drabble
This article describes elements of effective health communication and highlights strategies that may best be adopted or adapted in relation to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations. Studies have documented the utility of multidimensional approaches to health communication from the macro level of interventions targeting entire populations to the micro level of communication between health care provider and consumer. Although evidence of health disparities in LGBT communities underscores the importance of population-specific interventions, health promotion campaigns rarely target these populations and health communication activities seldom account for the diversity of LGBT communities. Advances in health communication suggest promising direction …
Perceived Internal Depth In Rotating And Translating Objects, M. L. Braunstein, C. W. Sauer, Cary S. Feria, G. J. Andersen
Perceived Internal Depth In Rotating And Translating Objects, M. L. Braunstein, C. W. Sauer, Cary S. Feria, G. J. Andersen
Cary S. Feria
Previous research has indicated that observers use differences between velocities and ratios of velocities to judge the depth within a moving object, although depth cannot in general be determined from these quantities. In four experiments we examined the relative effects of velocity difference and velocity ratio on judged depth within a transparent object that was rotating about a vertical axis and translating horizontally, examined the effects of the velocity difference for pure rotations and pure translations, and examined the effect of the velocity difference for objects that varied in simulated internal depth. Both the velocity difference and the velocity ratio …
Ubiquitous Molecular Substrates For Associative Learning And Activity-Dependent Neuronal Facilitation., Louis D. Matzel, Andrew C. Talk, Isabel A. Muzzio, Ronald F. Rogers
Ubiquitous Molecular Substrates For Associative Learning And Activity-Dependent Neuronal Facilitation., Louis D. Matzel, Andrew C. Talk, Isabel A. Muzzio, Ronald F. Rogers
Ronald F. Rogers
Recent evidence suggests that many of the molecular cascades and substrates that contribute to learning-related forms of neuronal plasticity may be conserved across ostensibly disparate model systems. Notably, the facilitation of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission that contribute to associative learning in Aplysia and Hermissenda, as well as associative LTP in hippocampal CA1 cells, all require (or are enhanced by) the convergence of a transient elevation in intracellular Ca2+ with transmitter binding to metabotropic cell-surface receptors. This temporal convergence of Ca2+ and G-protein-stimulated second-messenger cascades synergistically stimulates several classes of serine/threonine protein kinases, which in turn modulate receptor function or …
Higher-Order Associative Processing In Hermissenda Suggests Multiple Sites Of Neuronal Modulation., Ronald F. Rogers, Louis D. Matzel
Higher-Order Associative Processing In Hermissenda Suggests Multiple Sites Of Neuronal Modulation., Ronald F. Rogers, Louis D. Matzel
Ronald F. Rogers
Two important features of modern accounts of associative learning are (1) the capacity for contextual stimuli to serve as a signal for an unconditioned stimulus (US) and (2) the capacity for a previously conditioned (excitatory) stimulus to "block" learning about a redundant stimulus when both stimuli serve as a signal for the same US. Here, we examined the process of blocking, thought by some to reflect a cognitive aspect of classical conditioning, and its underlying mechanisms in the marine mollusc Hermissenda. In two behavioral experiments, a context defined by chemosensory stimuli was made excitatory by presenting unsignalled USs (rotation) in …
Postsynaptic Ca2+, But Not Cumulative Depolarization, Is Necessary For The Induction Of Associative Plasticity In Hermissenda, Ronald F. Rogers, R. F. Matzel
Postsynaptic Ca2+, But Not Cumulative Depolarization, Is Necessary For The Induction Of Associative Plasticity In Hermissenda, Ronald F. Rogers, R. F. Matzel
Ronald F. Rogers
The neuronal modifications that underlie associative memory in Hermissenda have their origins in a synaptic interaction between the visual and vestibular systems, and can be mimicked by contiguous in vitro stimulation of these converging pathways. At the offset of vestibular stimulation (i.e., hair cell activity), the B photoreceptors are briefly released from synaptic inhibition resulting in a slight depolarization (2–4 mV). If contiguous pairings of light-induced depolarization and presynaptic vestibular activity occur in close temporal succession, this depolarization “accumulates” and has been hypothesized to culminate in a sustained rise in intracellular Ca2+ and a resultant Ca(2+)-mediated phosphorylation of K+ channels …