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Articles 1 - 30 of 390
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Relationship Between Autistic Traits, Autistic Camouflaging, And Adults’ Representations Of Abstract And Social Concepts, Henry Tomiser, Katja Wiemer Dr.
The Relationship Between Autistic Traits, Autistic Camouflaging, And Adults’ Representations Of Abstract And Social Concepts, Henry Tomiser, Katja Wiemer Dr.
Honors Capstones
Concrete concepts (e.g., BUTTON) can be experienced directly by the senses, whereas abstract concepts (e.g., FRIENDSHIP) cannot. Additionally, the mind may represent abstract concepts using more introspective, social, and emotional information than concrete concepts. Social difficulties are one defining feature of autism, and autistic individuals may use social camouflaging to hide these difficulties, but the precise nature of social processing in autism is not known. This study aims to explore possible links between autistic traits, autistic camouflaging, and mental representations of concepts. Participants gave open-ended definitions for concepts varying in concreteness and social content via an online survey. Responses were …
Antagonism Attenuates The Relationship Between Childhood Polyvictimization And Distress In Adulthood, Benjamin D. Carsten
Antagonism Attenuates The Relationship Between Childhood Polyvictimization And Distress In Adulthood, Benjamin D. Carsten
Honors Capstones
The cumulative effects of childhood polyvictimization, including incremental increases in experiences of childhood maltreatment (CM) types, such as sexual abuse and emotional neglect are associated with an increase in psychological distress. Personality trait domains as measured by the Personality Inventory of the DSM-5, are independently associated with psychological distress, and are thought to moderate the association between traumatic events and distress. The present study was conducted with a sample of undergraduate students (N = 485) who were administered a battery of questionnaires including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) and the Personality Inventory for …
Childhood Sexual Abuse And The Role Of Experiential Avoidance In College Alcohol Use, Regina Montes
Childhood Sexual Abuse And The Role Of Experiential Avoidance In College Alcohol Use, Regina Montes
Honors Capstones
Childhood trauma has been related in numerous studies to maladaptive behavior as well as risky behaviors in adulthood, such as alcohol use. However, few studies have focused specifically on the relationship between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and alcohol use. Moreover, experiential avoidance has been shown to be an important factor in poor behavioral outcomes in young adults with a history of childhood trauma. The present study explores experiential avoidance as a mediating factor of the relationship between CSA and alcohol severity in college students. Data for this current investigation was collected as a part of a larger study of undergraduate …
Test Anxiety Inflation, Brian Podkulski, David P. Valentiner
Test Anxiety Inflation, Brian Podkulski, David P. Valentiner
Honors Capstones
Mental health conditions are higher than ever worldwide, despite best efforts to increase public awareness and deliver informed solutions. To account for this rise, some suggested models argue that measures taken to ameliorate mental health problems are actually contributing to their inflation through iatrogenic effects. The current proposed study seeks to identify the possibility of iatrogenic effects on test anxiety as a product of psychoeducational material. The scope of this study includes the immediate effects of viewing a typical short-form informational video on core and adjacent symptoms of test anxiety. Participants will engage with our study entirely through an online …
Trauma Type, Resilience And Sense Of Self, Caitlin R. Callahan
Trauma Type, Resilience And Sense Of Self, Caitlin R. Callahan
Honors Capstones
Most individuals will experience at least one traumatic event in their lifetime (Alim et al., 2008), potentially leading to a diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. PTSD can have significant psychological and physical repercussions (Brady et al., 1997). Experiencing trauma, such as interpersonal or non-interpersonal, can negatively impact resiliency and sense of self. The current study hypothesized that participants who reported interpersonal trauma as their worst event would report lower resilience and sense of self compared to participants reporting a non-interpersonal trauma. Four hundred and twenty-nine undergraduate students were given questionnaires to assess traumatic experiences, resiliency, and sense of self using …
Belonging And Disagreeing: Arab Student Activism On A College Campus, Angelina E. Baroud
Belonging And Disagreeing: Arab Student Activism On A College Campus, Angelina E. Baroud
Honors Capstones
There has not been sufficient research on Arab college students and their activism in the United States. This topic is especially important because of the new wave of protests across college campuses due to the Israel-Hamas war. This project focused on what made Arab students join an Arab organization at a university in the Midwest and the disagreements that exist within the group. Data was gathered through participant observations of the group meetings and semi-structured interviews with the group members. This study found that the desire to connect with their culture and find a sense of community brought Arab students …
Understanding Civic Engagement Through The Perspective And Experiences Of Mixed-Status Latinx Students In Higher Education, Alexandra Alcantar
Understanding Civic Engagement Through The Perspective And Experiences Of Mixed-Status Latinx Students In Higher Education, Alexandra Alcantar
Honors Capstones
This paper captures the perspectives and experiences of eight Latinx college-aged students from mixed-status families related to civil engagement. This paper identifies varied definitions of civic engagement and shows that students’ experiences within their mixed-status families and their academic experiences shaped how they understood their level of civic engagement and informed their career paths. The eight oral history interviews conducted as part of this project show that most of the participants consider their level of political involvement as insufficient. Interviews reveal an understanding of “civic engagement” that exists on an evolving spectrum of participation. Participants shared that work responsibilities and …
Sexual Exploitation: The Crisis And Eradicative Solution, Tonnie Adams Bracey
Sexual Exploitation: The Crisis And Eradicative Solution, Tonnie Adams Bracey
Student Capstone Projects
French writer Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr wrote, “The more things change, the more they stay the same.” I find this to be true in our current era of the digital age. Although technology has gifted a newly improved and vast method of making worldwide connections and broadening our perceptions and views, a change in how we communicate has conveniently presented itself, but the historic pattern of how we handle these new advancements have indeed stayed the same.
Smart phones are a mainstream vessel employing the world with a plethora of information while giving all sorts of people access to individual’s lives …
A Holy Decline, Destiny Ervins
A Holy Decline, Destiny Ervins
Student Capstone Projects
Christian churches have been a visible contributor to American religion for centuries. However, there has been a noticeable decline in Christian church membership attendance rates. A survey at a small church called Mt. Ebal was conducted to further analyze this topic. The survey was short and concise and rendered around 30 responses. Around 50% of respondents said there had been a decrease in membership attendance. The other 50% consisted of those that said there was an increase, those that said there was no change, and those that were not able to judge based off their less than 10-year membership. The …
Beyond Combat: Moral Injury Exposure In Officer And Enlisted Marine Veterans With Diverse Deployment Histories And The Relationship With Posttraumatic Growth, Hira Jean Byrne Paulin
Beyond Combat: Moral Injury Exposure In Officer And Enlisted Marine Veterans With Diverse Deployment Histories And The Relationship With Posttraumatic Growth, Hira Jean Byrne Paulin
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Moral injury has been widely studied in male combat-deployed active-duty personnel and veterans, with little inclusion of non-combat or never-deployed experiences. Moral injury research has primarily focused on adverse outcomes. Within military moral injury research, there is limited information on individual branches of service or rank-specific experiences. The purpose of this study was to explore moral injury event exposure and posttraumatic growth within a single branch of service, the Marine Corps, with a focus on rank status and the inclusion of non-combat and never-deployed veterans. A community-based approach was used to recruit participants over a 2-month period. Participants completed a …
An Exploration Of Factors Influencing Emerging Adults’ Decision-Making Regarding Family Intentionality, Samantha Mckee
An Exploration Of Factors Influencing Emerging Adults’ Decision-Making Regarding Family Intentionality, Samantha Mckee
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
The purpose of this mixed methods study was to gain an understanding of factors that may influence emerging adults’ decision-making regarding family intentionality. Specifically, it aimed to answer two research questions: 1) What factors influence an emerging adults’ decision-making regarding family intentionality? 2) Is there a correlation between the number of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) an individual has experienced and their desire to have children? This study also examined how ACEs are factored into the different systems of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory and how they affect the child at each level. This study utilized a sequential quan-->QUAL design, combining …
Civic Engagement & Health Outcomes: Poor And Black America, Robert Louis Durbin
Civic Engagement & Health Outcomes: Poor And Black America, Robert Louis Durbin
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
This research explores the implications of state electoral climate on the health of vulnerable groups in America, especially that of Black and low-income Americans. This research uses the Cost of Voting Index (COVI), a measure of state laws related to voting, as a proxy for the potential for civic engagement. Specifically, I contend that a more restrictive state electoral climate hampers individuals’ potential for civic engagement, in turn increasing social isolation and reducing their exposure to useful health information. This reduced community education then contributes to worse health outcomes for individuals living in states with a more restrictive electoral climate. …
Netflix As A Transverse Transnational Media In Southeast Asia: Exploring The Philippine Context, Lady Aileen Ambion Orsal
Netflix As A Transverse Transnational Media In Southeast Asia: Exploring The Philippine Context, Lady Aileen Ambion Orsal
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
This thesis examines how Netflix as a transnational Internet TV disrupted the media flow in Southeast Asia. As subscription to streaming platforms grew exponentially, the limited linear flow of contents in traditional TV was transformed into a more personalized viewing experience. Consumers binge-watching on a subscription video on demand service were given the agency to view diverse contents at a time and on a gadget they prefer while also being offered recommendations from the platform’s curated list. As Netflix expanded to over 190 countries around the world, it has employed localization strategies to provide culturally authentic contents through co-production with …
Helicopter Teaching From The Student Perspective: An Application Of Rhetorical And Relational Goals Theory, Denise Victoria Lee
Helicopter Teaching From The Student Perspective: An Application Of Rhetorical And Relational Goals Theory, Denise Victoria Lee
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Research on helicopter teaching from an instructor’s perspective has noted thatimplementing this type of teaching style comes with the potential harm to student learning and the value of education. Prior research, however, has focused on the instructor perspective of helicopter teaching. The purpose of the current study was to explore the student perspective of helicopter teaching behaviors through the lens of rhetorical and relational goals theory. Participants (N = 121) evaluated 17 helicopter teaching behaviors for frequency, negativity, clarity, caring, and positive impact on learning. Results indicated that students perceived helicopter teaching behaviors as strategies that enhanced their learning (i.e., …
The Relationship Of Intolerance Of Uncertainty And Inferential Confusion To Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms In A Nonclinical Sample, Fiona Christina Ball
The Relationship Of Intolerance Of Uncertainty And Inferential Confusion To Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms In A Nonclinical Sample, Fiona Christina Ball
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a transdiagnostic cognitive vulnerability that has been linked to obsessive-compulsive (OC) and generalized anxiety (GA) symptoms. Inferential confusion (IC) refers to dysfunctional reasoning which overvalues imagined possibilities and devalues sensory information. The inference-based approach (IBA) proposes that IC generates obsessional doubt which leads to OC symptoms. Conceptually, IU and IC both involve the existence of multiple possibilities, and the limits of knowledge. No prior research has studied these constructs together. The current study sought to examine the relationships among IU, IC, and OC symptoms in a nonclinical sample. IC was explored as a potential condition …
Understanding The Effects Of Organizational And Individual Level Motivations On Impression Formation For Persons With Disabilities In The Workplace, Lauren Francesca Luchetti
Understanding The Effects Of Organizational And Individual Level Motivations On Impression Formation For Persons With Disabilities In The Workplace, Lauren Francesca Luchetti
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
In recent years, organizations have begun paying more attention to hiring people with disabilities because of evidence supporting direct and indirect benefits to the organization. The business case for disability outlines the economic benefits for hiring those with disabilities, such as lower rates of turnover and absenteeism. Despite the motivations to hire those with disabilities, this population continues to suffer from higher rates of unemployment and underemployment. The current project attempts to shed light on the mechanisms that can improve the effectiveness of hiring motivations and disability hiring rates. In two experimental studies, the effect of the business case on …
Green Spaces And Socioeconomic Disparities In São Paulo City, Brazil: A Spatial Analysis Approach, Flavia Vieira Xavier
Green Spaces And Socioeconomic Disparities In São Paulo City, Brazil: A Spatial Analysis Approach, Flavia Vieira Xavier
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Urban green spaces are an invaluable asset for the benefits they provide to human well-being and environmental sustainability. São Paulo, one of the largest cities in the world, well-known for its demographic complexity, prosperous economy, and cultural diversity, presents great disparities in the distribution and quality of green spaces. Besides that, different socioeconomic groups have different access to these spaces. The significant challenge to achieving equitable urban development invites us to investigate these spaces further, associated with socioeconomic parameters, to understand which groups benefit most from urban green spaces and to advance in the environmental justice discussion. This dissertation contains …
Behavioral Responses To Chronic And Acute Stressors In Prairie Voles, Yessenia Chavez
Behavioral Responses To Chronic And Acute Stressors In Prairie Voles, Yessenia Chavez
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Social isolation has several psychological and physiological consequences including anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, rapid heart rate (HR), and elevated blood pressure. Social isolation also combines with acute environmental stress to influence emotions and behaviors. The present study evaluated behavioral responses to a combination of long-term social stress and acute stress in the prairie vole rodent model, and whether an environmental treatment could protect against anxiety-related consequences of acute and social stress. Prairie voles engage in social behaviors translational to humans, including monogamous relationships, and provide a valuable model for investigating the interactions of social stress and acute environmental stress. In …
Turnover Intention Of Women Leaders: The Role Of Leader Identity Development, Haleigh Broucher
Turnover Intention Of Women Leaders: The Role Of Leader Identity Development, Haleigh Broucher
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Women’s turnover rate within leadership positions exceed that of men, but the literature fails to outline the specific contexts and antecedents of such gender differences in turnover. Drawing from the leader identity literature, I outline how gender differences in leader identity strength can help illuminate why we see higher turnover intention of women in leadership positions. Given that a strong leader identity has shown to lower turnover intention, I investigate how the leader identity development process unfolds differently for women (compared to men). Leader identity development occurs through the exchange of leader behavior asserting authority (i.e., leader claims) and follower …
Motivation, Engagement, And The Student-Teacher Relationship As Predictors Of Academic Outcomes, Courtney Weaver
Motivation, Engagement, And The Student-Teacher Relationship As Predictors Of Academic Outcomes, Courtney Weaver
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Motivation and engagement have long been studied in educational literature as factors that contribute to student academic achievement. The student-teacher relationship has also gained attention as a factor that exerts influence on students’ performance in the classroom. Models that consider context, or the ways in which these student- and teacher-level factors work together, are lacking in the literature. The current study employed an ecological systems framework with concepts from two related theories, attachment and self-determination, to investigate the roles of motivation, engagement, closeness and conflict in the student-teacher relationship as influences on student academic outcomes. Data for the current study …
Amazing Or Awful? The Role Of Message Frames In Expectancy-Value Based Weight Management Intentions, Xuan Qian
Amazing Or Awful? The Role Of Message Frames In Expectancy-Value Based Weight Management Intentions, Xuan Qian
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
This study examined the effective message frames in improving individuals’ weight management intentions. Focus on gain-framed and loss-framed messages, their interactions with expectancy and value were unveiled in both weight loss and weight loss maintenance conditions. A 2 (message frames: gain-framed vs. loss-framed) x 2 (weight management: weight loss vs. weight loss maintenance) online experiment (N = 249) was conducted. Participants were asked about their weight management experiences, read manipulated messages, and answered questions about perceived expectancies and values toward future behaviors. Results showed that gain-framed messages are more effective in arousing individuals’ intentions and values in both weight loss …
There Is No Substitute For A Lifetime: A Study Of Metaphor And Linguistic Autonomy In The Lives And Works Of Selected American Poets, Richard Tony Thompson
There Is No Substitute For A Lifetime: A Study Of Metaphor And Linguistic Autonomy In The Lives And Works Of Selected American Poets, Richard Tony Thompson
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Metaphor is not only figurative language, but also a way of understanding reality and creating truth. This study describes how selected American poets, including Tom Andrews, Patti Smith, and Natasha Trethewey, engage the concept of creation through metaphor in their poetic and autobiographical writing. Theories of signification, symbolism, and metaphor as defined by philosophers of language, including George Lakoff, Charles Sanders Peirce, and Roman Jakobson, are combined with complementary theories from philosophers of poetry, including Wallace Stevens, Jorie Graham, and Federico García Lorca, and used as a lens through which to view the agency of the language user as a …
Minor Parties In America: National Failure, Some Localized Success, Eman J. Mohammad
Minor Parties In America: National Failure, Some Localized Success, Eman J. Mohammad
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Leaning primarily on Duverger's Law, which credits minor party votes as wasted momentum, current research on institutional obstacles to minor party voting largely overlooks the influence of constituency size. This research reexamines the electoral hindrances that minor parties face when competing against the two dominant political parties. Specifically, I hypothesize there is a negative relationship between constituency size and minor party vote share. This thesis adopts an institutional approach to explain the success of minor parties in constituencies of varying size. In the empirical models, I will control for minor party organizational strength, state ballot access laws and whether states …
Maternal Cumulative Trauma And Child Externalizing Behavior: Indirect Pathways Through Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms And Parenting Behaviors, Chynna Michelle Dubuclet
Maternal Cumulative Trauma And Child Externalizing Behavior: Indirect Pathways Through Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms And Parenting Behaviors, Chynna Michelle Dubuclet
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
The present study aimed to add to the literature by analyzing the relationships present within the connection between maternal cumulative trauma and child externalizing behaviors. Specifically, this study examined the indirect effects that posttraumatic stress symptoms and parenting behaviors exert on the relationship between maternal cumulative trauma and externalizing behaviors. This study used structural equation modeling to assess the relationship between maternal cumulative trauma and child externalizing behaviors (i.e., conduct and behaviors, hyperactivity/impulsivity, opposition/defiance) through maternal PTSS and parenting behaviors (i.e., acceptance, lax discipline, overreactive discipline). Data was collected from 308 mothers (Mage = 20.59, 70.0% White/Caucasian) between April 2020 …
(Agri)Cultural Activism: The Role Of Pgaz K’Nyau Karen Youth In Sustaining Rotational Farming In Thailand, Mitchell Rigert
(Agri)Cultural Activism: The Role Of Pgaz K’Nyau Karen Youth In Sustaining Rotational Farming In Thailand, Mitchell Rigert
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
The focus of this thesis is to shed light on youth group activism in an Indigenous Pgaz k’Nyau Karen community in Thailand. These youth are seeking rights and recognition to sustain their subsistence-based practice of swidden agriculture in the context of state forest policy officially banning such practices. I draw on over two months of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in Thailand. I argue that the youth use a variety of strategies to render swidden agriculture visible and legible to the state and public in the interest of sustaining the practice, which they see as an essential part of their communal identity. …
The Effects Of Bureaucratic Corruption On The Financial Constraints Of Nigerian Small Businesses, Obinna Franklin Ezeibekwe
The Effects Of Bureaucratic Corruption On The Financial Constraints Of Nigerian Small Businesses, Obinna Franklin Ezeibekwe
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
In this paper, I conduct the first empirical analysis to examine the impact of bureaucratic corruption on small business financial constraints in Nigeria. This study is also the first to compare the average treatment effect (ATE) with the local average treatment effect (LATE) framework to account for potential variations in treatment effects for small Nigerian firms with less than 100 employees. Using the bivariate probit method and two binary instruments, I find that corruption significantly increases the likelihood of financial constraints for a typical micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) by approximately 64 to 68 percentage points. When I use …
The Impact Of Political Content Consumption From Tiktok On Civic Engagement And Online Political Participation Among Gen Zs - A Case Study In Cambodia, Menghieng Ngov
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Background: TikTok has grown as the foremost platform for short-form videos in Cambodia, widely recognized for its entertainment and showing activities like dancing and singing. This study aims to explore the amount of political and civic content on TikTok, produced by general users, news outlets, or politicians, and examine its influence on Generation Z's online political participation and civic engagement. This research investigates how exposure to those contents affects these Gen Zs, specifically addressing two main questions: (1) "How does TikTok influence Gen Z's understanding and engagement in political and civic topics in Cambodia?" (2) “How does the level of …
The Influence Of Media Usage On The Outcome Of Social Movement Campaigns In Southeast Asia, Rothsethamony Seng
The Influence Of Media Usage On The Outcome Of Social Movement Campaigns In Southeast Asia, Rothsethamony Seng
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Does the use of media strategies help social movements or mass protest movements in Southeast Asia achieve their goals? The prominent study in this area argues that social media, in particular, has done more harm than good for grassroots movements. Tufekci (2017) argues that social media provides little help compared to the regime. I argue that social media helps the movement through three important areas, including (1) amplifying the messages of the movements to shape public opinions and counter propaganda and misleading information from the government, (2) facilitating and mobilizing protestors to coordinate virtual or physical protests, sustaining the momentum, …
Re-Feminizing The Divine: Understanding The Cultural Constructs Of Gender And Sexuality In A Church-Based Christian Community, Cameron K. Thomas
Re-Feminizing The Divine: Understanding The Cultural Constructs Of Gender And Sexuality In A Church-Based Christian Community, Cameron K. Thomas
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Historically, Christianity has sought to maintain rigid separation between men and women. Christianity often views women as secondary to men, particularly in relation to authority under Jesus Christ. These ideals have led to the restrictions of rights and roles of people who choose not to adhere to strictly defined or enforced gender roles. For this ethnography, I examined one church community; namely Barbwire Baptist Church in northern Illinois and how its members used scripture and doctrine beyond simply worship to reinforce norms and expectations of self and others regarding gender and sexuality. I draw on scholarship in gender studies, and …
How Saudi Undergraduate Students Perceive Teacher Support, Basic Psychological Needs, And Academic Motivation, Anas M. Alhudib
How Saudi Undergraduate Students Perceive Teacher Support, Basic Psychological Needs, And Academic Motivation, Anas M. Alhudib
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
This dissertation examines the Saudi undergraduate educational environment, exploring relationships among teacher support, basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration, academic motivation, and GPA. The study investigates whether basic psychological needs mediate the relationship between teacher support and academic motivation, utilizing a structural equation model with 312 Saudi undergraduate students. The findings reveal a positive relationship between teacher support and basic psychological need satisfaction, influencing academic motivation. Interestingly, GPA did not correlate with other variables. Various models were tested, resulting in two sets of models that underscore the significant role of basic psychological needs as mediators in shaping the relationship between …