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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
(Wp 2024-01) Douglass North, New Institutional Economics, And Complexity Theory, John B. Davis, Mauro Boianovsky
(Wp 2024-01) Douglass North, New Institutional Economics, And Complexity Theory, John B. Davis, Mauro Boianovsky
Economics Working Papers
Douglass North was central to the emergence of New Institutional Economics. Less well known are his later writings where he became interested in complexity theory. He attended the second economics complexity conference at the Santa Fe Institute in 1996 on how the economy functions as a complex adaptive system, and in his 2005 Understanding the Process of Economic Change incorporated this thinking into his argument that market systems depend on how institutions evolve. North also emphasized in the 2005 book the role belief played in evolutionary processes, and drew on cognitive science, especially the famous ‘scaffolding’ idea of cognitive scientist …
The Neighborhood-Level Association Between Alcohol Outlet Density And Female Criminal Victimization Rates, Aleksandra J. Snowden, Sara Hockin, William Alex Pridemore
The Neighborhood-Level Association Between Alcohol Outlet Density And Female Criminal Victimization Rates, Aleksandra J. Snowden, Sara Hockin, William Alex Pridemore
Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
The aim of this study was to explore the neighborhood-level association between alcohol outlet density and non–intimate partner violent victimization rates among females. Violent offending and victimization are more prevalent for males than females, and most research on alcohol outlets and violence emphasizes males. Studies that do focus on alcohol outlets and female violent victimization tend to focus on intimate partner violence (IPV), yet non-IPV events are over three quarters of all female violent victimization incidents in the United States. We collected data on violent victimization rates, on- and off-premise alcohol outlet density, and neighborhood-level covariates of violence rates for …
Black Masculinities And The Media: An Interview With Filmmaker And Activist Byron Hurt, Kevin D. Thomas
Black Masculinities And The Media: An Interview With Filmmaker And Activist Byron Hurt, Kevin D. Thomas
College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications
In this interview, Byron Hurt reflects on his career and how he has become a prominent activist, speaker, filmmaker, and writer about media's roles in shaping Black identities and culture, especially constructions of Black masculinity. In addition to detailing his career trajectory, Hurt discusses many important topics: his inspiration to make films, the power of filmmaking to make cultural change, the filmmaker's place within a documentary, changing notions of Black masculinity, the constraints advertising and media place on Black men and boys to define their manhood, Black men's assertion of power over Black women, intersectionality, digital media's possibilities for more …
The Relationship Between Alcohol Beverage Types And Violence, Aleksandra J. Snowden
The Relationship Between Alcohol Beverage Types And Violence, Aleksandra J. Snowden
Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
There is substantial evidence of an ecological association between off-premise alcohol outlets and violence. We know less, however, about how specific beverage types that are sold in the outlets might explain the difference in violence rates across different alcohol outlets. Data on alcohol beverage types were collected for all off-premise alcohol outlets in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, using a systematic social observation instrument. Spatially lagged regression models were estimated to determine whether the variation in alcohol beverage types is related to robbery density net of important neighborhood predictors of crime rates. Availability of all alcohol beverage types (beer, wine, spirits, premixed, single …
Caregiver Behaviors Associated With Emotion Regulation In High-Risk Preschoolers, Christina Caiozzo, Kristen Yule, John H. Grych
Caregiver Behaviors Associated With Emotion Regulation In High-Risk Preschoolers, Christina Caiozzo, Kristen Yule, John H. Grych
Psychology Faculty Research and Publications
Children who witness violence are at risk for developing a range of developmental problems, including deficits in understanding and regulating. The ability to adaptively manage emotions is associated with children’s mental health and their social and academic competence; however, little is known about how parents of at-risk youth can foster the healthy development of emotion regulation. The current study aimed to identify specific parenting practices associated with adaptive emotion regulation in at-risk preschoolers. Multimethod, multi-informant data were collected from 124 caregiver-child dyads from Head Start programs. Results indicated that interparental aggression was negatively associated with caregivers’ and children’s emotion regulation, …
A Visible Geography Of Invisible Journeys: Central American Migration And The Politics Of Survival, Noelle K. Brigden
A Visible Geography Of Invisible Journeys: Central American Migration And The Politics Of Survival, Noelle K. Brigden
Political Science Faculty Research and Publications
Human rights groups have called undocumented Central American migrants the ‘invisible victims’ of criminal violence in Mexico. However, the geography of the unauthorised migration route through Mexico is highly visible; its location, protocols and violent practices constitute common knowledge in the communities through which it cuts its path. This paper examines the visual cues of the route. Images of places, such as the trailhead, the river at the borders, the migrant shelter and the train yard, provide focal points that orient migrants to the physical terrain. These images also orient activists, providing potent symbols for political contestation in favour of …
Supportive Relationships As Protective For Children Exposed To Violence: Exploring Underlying Mechanisms, Jessica Houston
Supportive Relationships As Protective For Children Exposed To Violence: Exploring Underlying Mechanisms, Jessica Houston
Dissertations (1934 -)
The present study examined supportive relationships with parents, teachers, peers, and neighbors as protective for youths exposed to violence. To explore how support promotes resilience, four potential mediators were examined: secure attachment, adaptive coping, processing traumatic experiences with a supportive person (parent, teacher, friend, or community adult), and an optimistic outlook on life. An at-risk sample of 107 students (71% male) aged 8-19 years (M=15) who were predominantly African American completed measures of violence exposure, social support, attachment security, coping ability, trauma-processing, and optimism. Resilience was assessed with multiple measures that included self-esteem, competence in several domains (social, scholastic, athletic, …
Speaking Of Stigma And The Silence Of Shame: Young Men And Sexual Victimization, Heather Hlavka
Speaking Of Stigma And The Silence Of Shame: Young Men And Sexual Victimization, Heather Hlavka
Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
This study addresses male sexual victimization as that which is both invisible and incomprehensible. Forensic interviews with young men following reports of suspected sexual assault reveal patterns of heteronormative scripts appropriated to make sense of sexual victimization. These scripts show that victimhood is largely incompatible with dominant notions of masculinity. Sexual coercion and assault embodied threat to boys’ (hetero)gendered selves, as they described feelings of shame and embarrassment, disempowerment, and emasculation. These masks of masculinity create barriers to disclosure and help to explain the serious underreporting of male sexual victimization. Questions of coercion and consent are addressed, as it relates …
Strengths, Narrative, And Resilience: Restorying Resilience Research, Sherry L. Hamby, Victoria Banyard, John H. Grych
Strengths, Narrative, And Resilience: Restorying Resilience Research, Sherry L. Hamby, Victoria Banyard, John H. Grych
Psychology Faculty Research and Publications
Objective: To envision a path toward a more strengths-based approach to violence research, prevention, and intervention—a path that focuses on thriving and resilience. Key Points: Both the content and the process of research need to change if we are to transform our efforts to understand and overcome adversity. Greater focus on strengths and the achievement of well-being despite adversity is 1 important avenue; focusing on the narrative and the power of story is another important path. However, merely shifting the focus of traditional research and scholarly efforts is not enough. At another level of analysis, the field needs communication across …
What Difference Do Bystanders Make? The Association Of Bystander Involvement With Victim Outcomes In A Community Sample, Sherry L. Hamby, Marcela C. Weber, John H. Grych, Victoria Banyard
What Difference Do Bystanders Make? The Association Of Bystander Involvement With Victim Outcomes In A Community Sample, Sherry L. Hamby, Marcela C. Weber, John H. Grych, Victoria Banyard
Psychology Faculty Research and Publications
Objective: To fill gaps in the bystander literature by describing patterns of bystander involvement and associations between bystander involvement and victim outcomes across different types of emotional, physical, and sexual victimizations and to expand these considerations to a rural rather than urban sample. Method: Adults and adolescents (n = 1,703) were surveyed about bystander actions, bystander safety, and victim outcomes (injury, disrupted routine, fear level, and current mental health) for 10 forms of victimization. Results: Bystanders were present for roughly 2 thirds of most victimization types (59% to 67%), except sexual victimization (17%). Relatives were the most common bystanders of …
The Role Of Alcohol In Violence: The Individual, Small Group, Community And Cultural Level, Aleksandra J. Snowden
The Role Of Alcohol In Violence: The Individual, Small Group, Community And Cultural Level, Aleksandra J. Snowden
Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
The goal of this paper is to review our understanding of the role that alcohol plays in violence. This paper provides a literature review of various theoretical mechanisms and of empirical tests of those theoretical propositions across four different levels of analysis: individual, small group, community, and cultural. Alcohol-violence association is evident in not only the individuals who consume alcohol, but also in the social interactions of those individuals, the communities, and the countries in which those individuals live. Acknowledging the alcohol-violence association at one level, without considering the influence of alcohol on violence at other levels, fails to capture …
Murder, Rape, And More Murder On 'Quality' Tv, Amanda R. Keeler
Murder, Rape, And More Murder On 'Quality' Tv, Amanda R. Keeler
College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Violence On Youths' Perceptions Of Peer And Sibling Aggression, Jessica Houston
Effects Of Violence On Youths' Perceptions Of Peer And Sibling Aggression, Jessica Houston
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The present study examined the relationship between youth exposure to violence in the home and community and their perceptions of the acceptability of aggression in interactions involving peers and siblings. The importance of the context in which the violence occurs was investigated, as well the ability of parent-child attachment to buffer the effects of violence on aggressive attitudes. A diverse sample of 148 children, ages 9 to 14, completed measures of interparental, parent-child, and community aggression, as well as a measure of mother-child attachment. Youths also rated the acceptability of aggressive interactions between two peers and two siblings in written …
Exploring The Role Of Attachment Style In The Relation Between Family Aggression And Abuse In Adolescent Dating Relationships, John H. Grych, Kristen M. Kinsfogel
Exploring The Role Of Attachment Style In The Relation Between Family Aggression And Abuse In Adolescent Dating Relationships, John H. Grych, Kristen M. Kinsfogel
Psychology Faculty Research and Publications
This study investigated romantic attachment style as a potential moderator of the link between family aggression and dating aggression, and examined its relations with documented mediators of the impact of interparental conflict on dating behavior: attitudes about the justifiability of aggression and anger regulation. Participants were 391 ethnically diverse 14-to 18-year-olds (52% female). Attachment style was a significant moderator for boys and girls, but the pattern of results differed by gender. In general, attachment anxiety was a more consistent predictor than avoidance of boys’ dating aggression, cognitions, and emotions, whereas anxiety and avoidance both acted as significant moderators for girls. …
Violence Unveiled, Louise Cainkar
Violence Unveiled, Louise Cainkar
Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
Arab Muslim women were nearly twice as likely as Arab Muslim men to face verbal assaults in the three years following the 9/11 attacks. When these assaults occurred in public space, a woman wearing hijab (Muslim head scarf) was present more than 90 percent of the time. Women wearing hijab have been spit at, threatened, hit, and told to go home, even though many of these women were born in the United States.