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CGU Theses & Dissertations

Theses/Dissertations

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

More Moments With Others Matter For Emotion Regulation And Well-Being: A Study Of First-Year College Students’ Daily Life During Covid-19, Jaymes Paolo Delas Armas Rombaoa Jan 2023

More Moments With Others Matter For Emotion Regulation And Well-Being: A Study Of First-Year College Students’ Daily Life During Covid-19, Jaymes Paolo Delas Armas Rombaoa

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted emerging adult, first-year college students’ daily lives and well-being. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) recognizes that effective and adaptive emotion regulation can be improved by training skills for managing contextual (ABC) and physiological (PLEASE) factors. An ecological momentary assessment study collected 1,796 data points from 76 first-year students' daily usage of emotion regulation (ER) skills and momentary experiences of well-being (PERMA; Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, Accomplishment) during COVID-19 in Spring 2020. Research questions explored: (a) Is usage of ER skills associated with elements of momentary PERMA above and beyond trait-level PERMA?; (b) Are lifestyle factors (e.g., …

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Divine Democracy: Examining The Intersection Of Religion And Politics In Civil Religion, José Andrés Serrano Jan 2023

Divine Democracy: Examining The Intersection Of Religion And Politics In Civil Religion, José Andrés Serrano

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This thesis seeks to build upon and provide a new interpretation of civil religion in the United States. In it, the history of civil religion from the 1960s, starting with Bellah, to the 2010s will be analyzed for any themes still used in the 2020s. Similarly, understanding what a religion is within this time frame will be broken apart and examined to see how it paralleled the evolution of political understanding. Building upon its history, the paper will break into four prominent chapters: Is American Democracy Like a Civil Religion?, Religious Characteristics in the American Government, American Democracy as a …

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The Effect Of Age, Syntax Complexity, And Cognitive Ability On The Rate Of Semantic Illusions, Sara Anne Goring Jan 2023

The Effect Of Age, Syntax Complexity, And Cognitive Ability On The Rate Of Semantic Illusions, Sara Anne Goring

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Semantic illusions are recognition errors that occur when an individual fails to notice that information contradicts their prior knowledge (Barton & Sanford, 1993; Erickson & Mattson, 1981). For example, after hearing the question, “If a plane crashes while flying over state lines, where should the survivors be buried?” many start to consider the legality or appropriateness of the scenario despite knowing “survivors” should not be buried. Having more knowledge does not necessarily prevent individuals from overlooking illusory information/misinformation. Older adults tend to have greater crystallized intelligence than young adults, yet these age groups appear to detect illusory information at equivalent …

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Certain That I Belong In Science, Technology, Engineering, And Math (Stem): Women's Authentic Belonging And Men's Inclusion Actions Through Job Crafting, Cecelia Lee (Dotzler) Corson Jan 2023

Certain That I Belong In Science, Technology, Engineering, And Math (Stem): Women's Authentic Belonging And Men's Inclusion Actions Through Job Crafting, Cecelia Lee (Dotzler) Corson

CGU Theses & Dissertations

As of 2022, the total number of Nobel Prizes granted in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) fields was roughly 614 and of those, only 24 have been awarded to women. STEM fields have historically excluded women at all levels with increasing impact at the higher levels of the career ladder (NSF, 2010). To address the stark gender gap in many organizational spaces including STEM, organizations have turned to diversity training with undetermined effectiveness (Devine & Ash, 2022). This dissertation research seeks to understand women’s authentic belonging in STEM fields and to develop an intervention to aid men in including …

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A Mixed Methods Inquiry Into The Decision-Making Of California’S Principals During Local Control, Adrienne Ortega-Magallanes Jan 2023

A Mixed Methods Inquiry Into The Decision-Making Of California’S Principals During Local Control, Adrienne Ortega-Magallanes

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The 2013 implementation of the Local Control Funding Formula and Local Control Accountability Plan in California granted school districts the opportunity to create their own expense plans based on student needs, with the aim of returning decision-making to those closest to students. Within subsidiarity is the belief that those at the least centralized decision-making level should have the dignity and freedom to decisions that affect the problem at its source, in this case, how to improve student achievement. It is argued here that principals, who have a strong indirect link to student achievement, are the least centralized. To explore the …

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The Impact Of Development Aid On Human Development, Lauren Candia Shaffer Jan 2023

The Impact Of Development Aid On Human Development, Lauren Candia Shaffer

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines the relationship between development aid and human development in recipient countries. The primary function of this research is to determine which types of aid are most effective in improving human development. To accomplish this goal, I use a fixed effects regression analysis to examine the following aid types in individual chapters of the dissertation: Total Aid, Donor-specific aid, Sectoral Aid, Conditional Aid, and aid flowing from Multilateral, Bilateral, and Private sources. This analysis produced mixed results, indicating that some types of aid have a positive and significant impact on human development, some have a negative and significant …

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Forms Of Amusement: Rousseau’S Lettre À D’Alembert And Julie, Trevor Mark Shunk Jan 2023

Forms Of Amusement: Rousseau’S Lettre À D’Alembert And Julie, Trevor Mark Shunk

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a philosopher who cared about nonphilosophers. He intervened in circumstances where he saw nonphilosophers in danger, such as with the Lettre à d’Alembert , and he wrote enchanting stories for them, such as Julie . His overarching concern in these books was what he perceived as a loss of virtue or virtue undermined by contemporary trends in the theater and in the literary world. His writings were radical in their originality: the Lettre à d’Alembert condemned popular spectacles and Julie departed from the norm for novels. Rousseau denounced other philosophers for irresponsibility among nonphilosophers in relation to …

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A Forward-Looking Conceptualization Of Information Privacy, David Kallemeyn Jan 2023

A Forward-Looking Conceptualization Of Information Privacy, David Kallemeyn

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Privacy is a fluid and ever-evolving concept, studied across multiple fields and with numerous definitions. Privacy research in information systems (IS) is extensive yet has not traveled far beyond the IS realm and fully engaged in the broader conversations being had with regards to privacy. This research seeks to define a larger sense of privacy that integrates the many working definitions across fields, along with related concepts, and to develop an alternative framework that can account for the constant technological and socio-technical changes through which to engage in privacy research. One such framework is developed and tested, grounded in the …

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The Structure Of Working Memory: A Review And New View Of Psychometric Models, Kevin Pablo Rosales Jan 2023

The Structure Of Working Memory: A Review And New View Of Psychometric Models, Kevin Pablo Rosales

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Beginning in the 1970s, a great deal of research in cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, psychometrics, and cognitive neuroscience has investigated the structure and function of working memory (WM), defined as the ability to actively maintain and manipulate information in the service of complex cognition (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974). It is well established that WM is a limited capacity system and individual differences in WM capacity are strongly associated with important cognitive abilities and outcomes, such as general intelligence (Engle et al., 1999) and academic achievement (Swanson & Berninger, 1996; Ramirez et al., 2013). For this reason, WM is a central …

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Targeting Negative Urgency And Expectancies In Persuasive Messaging, Emily Ann Warren Jan 2023

Targeting Negative Urgency And Expectancies In Persuasive Messaging, Emily Ann Warren

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Evidence indicates targeting outcome expectancies of risky health behaviors via persuasive communication is an effective approach for deterring risky health behaviors. Targeting specific domains of impulsivity (e.g., sensation seeking) via persuasive messaging has also been associated with reduced substance use. However, trait negative urgency, a unique domain of impulsivity involving rash action during negative affect, has yet to be used as a target for prevention efforts. Although scholars have suggested targeting both negative urgency and outcome expectancies in prevention efforts, this has yet to be assessed in an experimental setting. Two experimental studies assessed the value of targeting negative urgency …

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Staying Engaged During The Remote Work Revolution: An Integrated Job Crafting Perspective, Christopher Legion Chen Jan 2023

Staying Engaged During The Remote Work Revolution: An Integrated Job Crafting Perspective, Christopher Legion Chen

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Hybrid and remote workers now comprise nearly one-third of the working population in the U.S. and Canada (Barrero et al., 2021; StatCan, 2021), while employee engagement has dropped to its lowest point in a decade (Harter, 2023). It is now more crucial than ever to identify valuable strategies for individuals and organizations to increase engagement at work. Job crafting is a bottom-up approach to work design (Chen, 2022a, 2022b; Donaldson et al., 2021; Tims et al., 2012; Wrzesniewski & Dutton, 2001), extensively studied as a proactive employee behavior associated with increased engagement among other positive work outcomes (Lichtenthaler & Fischbach, …

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The Impact Of Education On Reducing Poverty In South Asia, Rooppreet Kaur Sohal-Bagri Jan 2023

The Impact Of Education On Reducing Poverty In South Asia, Rooppreet Kaur Sohal-Bagri

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines the relationship between primary, secondary education attainment and poverty in South Asia. The countries of examination include India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, and Maldives. The primary function of this research is to determine if primary and secondary education attainment of peoples has an impact on being associated with reducing poverty. To accomplish and to test this goal, I have used fixed effects regression analysis to examine the following research questions: Does education expansion (primary, secondary) reduce poverty in South Asia? Does education expansion (primary, secondary) reduce poverty for women in South Asia? This first …

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True Connections: High-Quality Connections In A Post-Covid-19 Landscape, Alyssa Birnbaum Jan 2023

True Connections: High-Quality Connections In A Post-Covid-19 Landscape, Alyssa Birnbaum

CGU Theses & Dissertations

As companies loosened in-office requirements as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic and employees increasingly started working remotely or in a hybrid fashion, interpersonal dynamics amongst coworkers shifted while burnout skyrocketed. This research integrates relational cultural theory, resource-based theories (e.g., conservation of resources theory; Hobfoll, 1989), transmission-based theories (e.g., crossover model; Westman, 2001) and media theories (e.g., media naturalness theory; Kock, 2004) to highlight the importance of relational interactions and assess whether those interactions can still thrive in a virtual setting. These studies investigate high quality connections (HQCs; Dutton, 2003) – momentary, dyadic, positive interactions – among coworkers to better …

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Capital Controls And Banking Crises In Emerging Markets, Xizhen Huang Jan 2023

Capital Controls And Banking Crises In Emerging Markets, Xizhen Huang

CGU Theses & Dissertations

There is limited research studying the relationship between capital controls and banking crises and the existing research has mixed results. We argue that the results may depend on the measurement of capital controls. Previous research used a broad index of capital controls, but this may lead to imprecise results due to their inability to account for the possible differences in the effects of different types of capital controls and capital flows. We also argue that the relationship may depend on political and institutional factors, such as institutional quality and other economic policies like macroprudential policies and exchange rate regimes. In …

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Marginalization Of Fezzan Region In Libya, Amad Abukhzaam Jan 2023

Marginalization Of Fezzan Region In Libya, Amad Abukhzaam

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The Fezzan region of Libya experiences instability, conflict, and reduced quality of life. This qualitative case study aimed to understand and compare the positionality and marginalization of Fezzan relative to the other Libyan regions of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania and how this positionality had shaped Fezzan through the Constitutional Monarchy era (1952 to 1969), Gaddafi era (1969 to 2011), and February Revolution era (2011 to 2021). Data came from elite written interviews with former Libyan government members and secondary data from the academic and professional/international literature about Libya and archival information, such as demographics and budgetary data. The conceptual framework contained …

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The Evolution Of Efficiency In The Chinese Stock Market, Qiyun Li Jan 2023

The Evolution Of Efficiency In The Chinese Stock Market, Qiyun Li

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines the weak-form efficiency of the Chinese stock market and provides evidence on how the market efficiency evolved throughout the last three decades. The Shanghai Composite Index (SSEC) and the Shenzhen Component Index (SZSE) are the primary indicators of the Chinese stock market in this study. Both traditional economics and the complex systems’ methods are employed to evaluate market efficiency, with an additional focus on the effect of two parameter inputs (embedded dimension and noise filter) on entropy methods to improve their ability to detect phase transitions in stock market data. The traditional efficiency tests indicate that the …

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Moral Outrage Moderates The Relationships Between System Perception, System Justification, And Intergroup Helping Behavior: A Multigroup Approach, Michael Edward Knapp Jan 2023

Moral Outrage Moderates The Relationships Between System Perception, System Justification, And Intergroup Helping Behavior: A Multigroup Approach, Michael Edward Knapp

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Helping behavior is proposed to be a universal experience where a wide range of behaviors are used to benefit another person or group (Aknin et al., 2013; Nadler, 2002). Often these behaviors are motivated by positive values or emotions (Dovidio et al., 2012). However, when social status is salient, the members of a group may shift their motivation to help others from recipient benefit to retaining power and status for themselves instead (Nadler & Chernyak-Hai, 2014). The intergroup helping as status relations (IHSR) model proposes that higher status group members are motivated to retain their groups’ higher status through specific …

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Parenting: An Economic Analysis, Benjamin J. Smith Jan 2023

Parenting: An Economic Analysis, Benjamin J. Smith

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Policies like universal preschool and The American Families Plan have brought attention to the need to invest in child development. Research has shown that such investments, when evaluated over the long run, provide large rates of return not just to families but to society. However, the effect of policies directed at children ultimately depends on the way parents respond to these policies. Therefore, in order to design policies effectively, the complex nature of parenting must be considered. In this dissertation, I analyze the impact of parental behavior and traits on child outcomes as well as the influences of specific parental …

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The Role Of Mediators In The Relationship Between Export Diversification And Economic Development, Hajer Abdulla Basodan Jan 2023

The Role Of Mediators In The Relationship Between Export Diversification And Economic Development, Hajer Abdulla Basodan

CGU Theses & Dissertations

As the global economy has become interconnected, international trade has become a common medium for developing and developed countries to interact. However, there is a gap in the scholarly literature when considering the effects of export diversification. The goal of this dissertation is to study and identify the relationship between export concentration and economic development in developing countries. Data were collected from the International Monetary Fund World Bank for quantitative analysis. Using mediator analysis and these mediators included export volatility (export instability), net barter (terms of trade), and current account balance (competitiveness). The findings from the quantitative analysis revealed that …

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Natural Law Theory Under The Sun How Iranian Political Thought Viewed Tyranny As Opposed To The West, Shahram Arshadnejad Jan 2023

Natural Law Theory Under The Sun How Iranian Political Thought Viewed Tyranny As Opposed To The West, Shahram Arshadnejad

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This qualitative research aims to explore and unravel the theory of natural law within its Greek context and its influence on political thought, particularly addressing the need to counteract the damages of tyranny and the cyclical succession of regimes, as articulated by Plato. This study reveals that the concept of natural law predates Stoics and it is rooted within the pre-Socratic natural philosophy. The study exposes that Aristotelian ethics and politics are rooted in the concept of natural law, ultimately giving rise to the Aristotelian "mixed form of government" and laying the groundwork for republicanism.In extending this inquiry, I attempt …

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The Development Of Adolescent Students’ Self-Directed Learning Skills Within A Montessori Program During Covid-19: A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study, Elyse Laurelle Postlewaite Jan 2023

The Development Of Adolescent Students’ Self-Directed Learning Skills Within A Montessori Program During Covid-19: A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study, Elyse Laurelle Postlewaite

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Students who develop and apply their self-directed learning skills have advantages in school over those who do not (Betts & Knapp, 1981; Candy, 1991; Guglielmino, 1977; Schunk & Zimmerman, 2012). This is because self-directed learning (SDL) skills enable autonomous learning where students self-initiate, solve problems, develop new ideas, and monitor themselves with minimal external guidance (Knowles, 1976; Zimmerman, 2000). Despite the importance of these skills, research shows that few students consistently engage in SDL (Dent & Koenka, 2016; Zimmerman & Schunk, 2001). Because of SDL's multi-faceted and complex nature, it is difficult to discern why this is the case (Dent …

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Remodeling The Closet: The Individual And Organizational Correlates Of Workplace Sexual Identity Management, David M. Mendelsohn Jan 2023

Remodeling The Closet: The Individual And Organizational Correlates Of Workplace Sexual Identity Management, David M. Mendelsohn

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The strategies by which sexual minority employees manage their sexual identities in the workplace have long been a subject of inquiry. Extant research has long recognized that these employees potentially engage in several different strategies for workplace sexual identity management (e.g., actively concealing their identity vs. disclosing their identity), models of sexual identity management tend to focus only on factors that influence disclosure decisions. The current series of two survey studies explored the broader organizational correlates of three workplace sexual identity management strategies: general outness, concealment, and disclosure, as well as whether differences existed based on gender and sexual identity …

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Disruption, Dissent, And Dialogue: Ypar As A Pedagogical And Institutional Tool, Charlene E. Holkenbrink-Monk Jan 2023

Disruption, Dissent, And Dialogue: Ypar As A Pedagogical And Institutional Tool, Charlene E. Holkenbrink-Monk

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Education reform has been at the forefront of educational research for decades, depicted by government initiatives and policy, research, and pedagogical changes and recommendations. When considering elements of educational change, policy, best practices, and individual merit and retention have also been heavily in the spotlight, such as A Nation at Risk, No Child Left Behind , and other policies that have been put forward. What is often left out is student voice, both within policy as well as ideas around what should be changed. Based on my pilot study, I found that students also did not feel adequately represented in …

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Multidisciplinary Approach To Civil Conflict: Political, Economic, And Social Determinants Of Violence, Zhamilia Klycheva Jan 2023

Multidisciplinary Approach To Civil Conflict: Political, Economic, And Social Determinants Of Violence, Zhamilia Klycheva

CGU Theses & Dissertations

More abundant and less severe than interstate war, civil conflict has filled the news headlines worldwide, especially with nonviolent domestic instability. To this day, no single theoretical framework can fully explain this complex phenomenon. Scholars have often focused on one domain area as a precursor of violence. While such approaches are valuable, they need to grasp the whole picture, as addressing the problem from a single-domain perspective yields weak findings. This dissertation explores specific political, social, and economic factors that impact the onset, severity, and duration of civil conflict and the frequency of nonviolent conflict. It adopts a unified transdisciplinary …

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A Culturally Responsive Evaluation Lens To Logic Model Design, Ciara Cascharelle Knight Jan 2023

A Culturally Responsive Evaluation Lens To Logic Model Design, Ciara Cascharelle Knight

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Culturally responsive evaluation (CRE) is an approach that centers all evaluation processes around the culture of a program’s secondary stakeholders. Specifically, this entails ensuring shared meanings in a group through communication. However, minimal connections have been made between CRE and logic model designs. Logic models commonly used by evaluators are data visualization and communication tools designed to aid in effectively communicating a program’s theory. Nevertheless, little is understood about the role culture plays in this process. This multiphase mixed methods study explored the integration of CRE to logic model designs using individualism and collectivism (IC) as a construct for culture …

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Is Wide-Area Persistent Surveillance By State And Local Governments Constitutional?, Joseph Lake Jan 2023

Is Wide-Area Persistent Surveillance By State And Local Governments Constitutional?, Joseph Lake

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation addresses the following question: “Can wide-area persistent surveillance (WAPS) developed by the United States military and employed abroad as a tool in the Global War on Terror be employed domestically as a law enforcement tool without violating the US Constitution’s Fourth Amendment?” The most likely and controversial application of WAPS by state and local governments is for law enforcement. Aircraft will loiter over a city persistently taking high-definition photographs to capture locations of unidentified persons with the intent to identify persons and areas of interest for criminal investigations. Based on the Flyover Cases, aerial surveillance has few constitutional …

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Evaluative Thinking Amid Disaster, Phung Khanh Pham Jan 2023

Evaluative Thinking Amid Disaster, Phung Khanh Pham

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Evaluation and emergency medicine have appreciable parallels and are likely to intertwine as they each evolve, especially in response to disasters or other pervasive problems that can worsen into the future. Evaluative thinking—which largely involves critical thinking, valuing, and other dynamic processes—may be ubiquitously useful to practitioners, scholars, and others from both these fields of practice. In this dissertation, I referenced the dual systems theory of the human mind to conceptualize evaluative thinking as paradoxically fast (automatic) and slow (deliberate), and I characterized the COVID-19 pandemic as a disaster laden with societal games. Derived from game theory, societal games range …

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Essays In Behavioral Economics: Lying And Deception, Shanshan Zhang Jan 2023

Essays In Behavioral Economics: Lying And Deception, Shanshan Zhang

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The U.S. economy loses hundreds of millions of dollars in tax revenues, wages, and investment dollars, as well as hundreds of thousands of jobs each year due to dishonest behavior (Mazar and Ariely, 2006; Griffin et al., 2022). Thus, understanding dishonest behavior and finding mechanism to effectively reduce dishonest behavior are of great relevance to policy makers and the economy in general. This dissertation studies deceptive behavior and the relevant factors using online experiment, observational data, and field experiment in three chapters, respectively. Chapter 1 studies the effect of interaction with a machine (voicebot) on dishonest reporting. We conducted an …

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Optimal Portfolio Construction For Oil-Based Sovereign Wealth Funds, Mohammed Saeed Alshowaikhat Jan 2023

Optimal Portfolio Construction For Oil-Based Sovereign Wealth Funds, Mohammed Saeed Alshowaikhat

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Chapter 1 of this dissertation delves into the economic challenges faced by oil-exporting countries that rely heavily on a single income source, with a particular focus on Saudi Arabia as a case study. The primary objective is to examine the efforts of Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund in diversifying revenue streams and mitigating risks associated with an excessive dependence on oil. To achieve this, the study proposes an adaptation of the subset-optimization algorithm within the mean-variance model, aiming to enhance portfolio construction in sovereign wealth funds. Chapter 2 of the dissertation conducts a comparative analysis between portfolios constructed using the …

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The Value Of Mentoring In Living Out Your Calling, Megan Benzing Jan 2023

The Value Of Mentoring In Living Out Your Calling, Megan Benzing

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the way people think about the role that their job plays in their life. There is a greater desire for purposeful work and engaging in a role that positively impacts society, or more simply, to perceive and live a calling. One perceives a calling when they know the occupation that they were destined for or that fits with their values, where their strengths and passions are leveraged, and the job is prosocial in nature. However, perceiving this calling is only a piece of it, as one needs to work in a role where they actively …

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