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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Evidence Based Practices At A New York City Youth Justice Services Organization, Betsy Delissa Cespedes
Evidence Based Practices At A New York City Youth Justice Services Organization, Betsy Delissa Cespedes
Student Theses
There has been a national push to establish evidence-based juvenile criminal justice policies and practices that are focused on reducing the risk of recidivism for juvenile offenses. The reason for this push is rooted in the growing recidivism rates of juvenile offenders in the United States (Weber, Umpierre, & Bikchik, 2018). More than half of all juveniles who are on probation nationwide are rearrested, indicating that each juvenile offender faces equal likelihood of reoffending or not (Weber et al., 2018). Further, approximately 66% of juvenile offenders, or nearly seven out of 10 offenders, are rearrested within two years of their …
Substance Use, Neurocognitive Deficits, And Criminal Recidivism, Emily H. Kim
Substance Use, Neurocognitive Deficits, And Criminal Recidivism, Emily H. Kim
Student Theses
Many offenders demonstrate substance use and neurocognitive impairments. Substance use directly impacts executive functioning due to poor impulse control, leading to impaired decision- making. Substance use and neurocognitive deficits also contribute to recidivism. Incarcerated individuals with substance use disorder have higher rates of recidivism, and executive dysfunction has been shown to contribute to recidivism due to low behavioral inhibition skills and deficiency with cognitive flexibility. There is a discontinuity in literature, however, since many studies only investigate either substance use or neurocognitive deficits to predict recidivism. However, it is important to examine the interaction of these factors to predict future …