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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Implementing A Social Norms Approach To Reduce Alcohol Abuse On Campus: Lessons Learned In The Shadow Of "The World's Largest Six-Pack", Douglas J. Swanson, Kristine M. Zegers, Aaron A. Zwaska
Implementing A Social Norms Approach To Reduce Alcohol Abuse On Campus: Lessons Learned In The Shadow Of "The World's Largest Six-Pack", Douglas J. Swanson, Kristine M. Zegers, Aaron A. Zwaska
Journalism
Many institutions of higher education are struggling with the problem of excessive alcohol consumption by students. Colleges and universities want to be ‘good neighbors’ in their communities and must limit legal and social risks that result from excessive alcohol consumption by students. At the same time, colleges and universities operate in an increasingly challenging marketplace where many prospective students seek out institutions with a ‘party school’ reputation. Thus, higher education institutions are finding it difficult to define and carry out alcohol reduction measures that satisfy all constituents. This article discusses the approach taken at the University of Wisconsin—La Crosse. UW-L …
Counterfactual Reasoning And Common Knowledge Of Rationality In Normal Form Games, Eduardo Zambrano
Counterfactual Reasoning And Common Knowledge Of Rationality In Normal Form Games, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
When evaluating the rationality of a player in a game one has to examine counterfactuals such as "what would happen if the player were to do what he does not do?" In this paper I develop a model of a normal form game where counterfactuals of this sort are evaluated as in the philosophical literature (cf. Lewis, 1973; Stalnaker, 1968). According to this method one evaluates a statement like ``what would the player believe if he were to do what he does not do'' at the world that is closest to the actual world where the hypothetical deviation occurs. I …
Student Perceptions Of The School Environment And Its Influence On Nutrition And Physical Activity, Erica V. Lamson, Donna B. Johnson, Dawn B. Neill
Student Perceptions Of The School Environment And Its Influence On Nutrition And Physical Activity, Erica V. Lamson, Donna B. Johnson, Dawn B. Neill
Social Sciences
The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand how the school environment impacts students’ nutrition and physical activity. The results informed development of environmental interventions in a community-based participatory research study. In spring 2003, seven focus groups were conducted with 43 students at one ethnically diverse, urban high school. Students answered semi-structured questions about the nutrition and physical activity environment and suggested policy and environmental changes to facilitate healthy eating and physical activity. Resulting transcripts were coded and analyzed for emergent themes using qualitative research software, N6. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using the check-coding method. Final agreement was 94%. …
Relating Diet, Demographics And Lifestyle To Increasing U.S. Obesity Rates, Christiane Schroeter
Relating Diet, Demographics And Lifestyle To Increasing U.S. Obesity Rates, Christiane Schroeter
Agribusiness
Changes in the American lifestyle are putting more individuals at risk due to the declining quality of their diets. In the last 20 years, the readily available high-fat foods (e.g., "fast foods") combined with the decreased caloric requirements due to lower physical activity levels is assumed to be the major factor in the sharp rise in the prevalence of obesity. The typical away-from-home meal is less healthy than food at home, since it tends to contain more total fat and saturated fat, less calcium, fiber, and iron, and fewer servings of fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, due to the super-sizing trend …
The Transition From Dirty To Clean Industries: Optimal Fiscal Policy And The Environmental Kuznets Curve, Steven P. Cassou, Stephen F. Hamilton
The Transition From Dirty To Clean Industries: Optimal Fiscal Policy And The Environmental Kuznets Curve, Steven P. Cassou, Stephen F. Hamilton
Economics
This paper investigates privately and socially optimal patterns of economic development in a two-sector endogenous growth model with clean and dirty goods. We consider a second-best fiscal policy framework in which distortionary taxes jointly influence economic growth and environmental quality. In this policy setting, three conditions produce an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC): (i) dirty output is bounded; (ii) clean output grows endogenously; and (iii) growth in the dirty sector reduces growth in the clean sector. These conditions do not arise with a consumption externality, but can emerge with a production externality. Endogenous labor supply implications are also investigated. Although not …
Library-It Partnerships: New Services For New Campus Demands, Stephen R. Acker, Michael D. Miller
Library-It Partnerships: New Services For New Campus Demands, Stephen R. Acker, Michael D. Miller
Robert E. Kennedy Library
The roles of central information technology and library organizations are being transformed by demands that new campus services be delivered more effectively and efficiently. Both organizations have reasons for paranoia and reasons for optimism as they look into the future. Properly conceived, library-IT partnerships can reduce threats and increase opportunities.
Assessment Of Biofuels In California And Potential For Future Utilization, Douglas Williams, James J. Ahern, Keith Ochwat
Assessment Of Biofuels In California And Potential For Future Utilization, Douglas Williams, James J. Ahern, Keith Ochwat
Agribusiness
This study analyzed the potential energy resources contained in the biomass residues from the leading crops and livestock in California. As compared with an earlier similar study by Knutson and Miller (1982), where a total of 24 million tons of biomass was reported having an energy value of 336,000 billion Btu’s, this current study showed a total of over 18 million tons (excluding 7.2 million tons of lumber mill and forest slash residues), which translates to almost 13 million tons of dry matter. The energy value of this biomass is 189,000 billion Btu’s, about 56 % of the 1982 value. …
Stewardship Of The Information Commons: Cultural, Service And Operational Issues, Michael D. Miller
Stewardship Of The Information Commons: Cultural, Service And Operational Issues, Michael D. Miller
Robert E. Kennedy Library
No abstract provided.
Gravure Printability From Laser And Electromechanically Engraved Cylinder, Xiaoying Rong, Jan Pekarovic, Alexandra Pekarovicova
Gravure Printability From Laser And Electromechanically Engraved Cylinder, Xiaoying Rong, Jan Pekarovic, Alexandra Pekarovicova
Graphic Communication
Gravure printability comparison of laser engraved and electromechanically engraved cylinders was done on five different substrates. Ink transfer was less reduced on laser print than electromechnaical when printed without electrostatic assist. Print mottle was significantly lower and yellow, magenta and black laser engraved images, while cyan print from laser engraved cylinder had higher mottle on some substrates (SCB, SCA and freesheet). Overall, the print quality than that from the electromechanically engraved one.
On The Evolution Of Comparative Advantage In Matching Models, Eric O'N. Fisher, Vikas Kakkar
On The Evolution Of Comparative Advantage In Matching Models, Eric O'N. Fisher, Vikas Kakkar
Economics
This paper examines whether comparative advantage is the long-run outcome of an evolutionary process in the open economy. It formalizes the notion that natural selection eliminates inefficient firms and thus leads to stable and perhaps efficient patterns of world trade. Instead of assuming the existence of a Walrasian auctioneer, we study two simple matching processes that coordinate trade between firms. Our central result is that specialization according to comparative advantage, with the larger country possibly incompletely specialized, is the unique evolutionarily stable state of the world economy.
An Educator's Drupa Experience, Malcolm G. Keif
An Educator's Drupa Experience, Malcolm G. Keif
Graphic Communication
On May 9, 2004, I boarded a flight to Düsseldorf, Germany, to attend drupa with some of my colleagues. The following days p roved to be a fabulous opportunity to network and learn about the greatest innovations in printing and, specifically, gravure. A portion of my trip was funded by the Gravure Education Foundation, to whom I express great appreciation .
Project: Information Oasis, Katherine O'Clair, Emalee Craft, Jennifer Duvernay, Sheila Hofstetter, Linda Shackle
Project: Information Oasis, Katherine O'Clair, Emalee Craft, Jennifer Duvernay, Sheila Hofstetter, Linda Shackle
Library Scholarship
Imagine a dry 105-degree day in the desert. It's your first day of classes -- you're hot, thirsty, and desperately trying to find your way around a large campus teeming with tens of thousands of people. Suddenly an image appears distantly down the sidewalk. You can't make it out at first, but slowly it comes into focus, a sign saying "LOST? Get Help Here!" Is it real or a mirage? As you approach you see smiling faces and people offering you free water -- you've indeed come across an oasis! And what is this place? It's a ... library? ... …
Envisioning The Future Of The Information Commons Through Technology, Michael D. Miller
Envisioning The Future Of The Information Commons Through Technology, Michael D. Miller
Robert E. Kennedy Library
No abstract provided.
Hgl: A Web-Enabled Geospatial Digital Library, David Siegel, Bonnie Burns, Tim Strawn
Hgl: A Web-Enabled Geospatial Digital Library, David Siegel, Bonnie Burns, Tim Strawn
Robert E. Kennedy Library
Increasingly, institutions are implementing technology to search and deliver their geospatial data and metadata holdings via the Web. As the quantity of these holdings grows, both private and public institutions are seeking scalable, robust and non-proprietary solutions. With the widespread adoption of metadata standards taking a strengthening role in the daily practices of GIS professionals we can capitalize on existing technology to search and serve data effectively and refocus our resources on data acquisition. The Harvard Geospatial Library (HGL) provides a web-based interface for search and retrieval of geospatial data and metadata using open standards (MARC, FGDC, and XML) and …
'Neither Cold Nor Hot': An Analysis Of Christian World Wide Web Sites That Address Glbt Publics, Douglas J. Swanson
'Neither Cold Nor Hot': An Analysis Of Christian World Wide Web Sites That Address Glbt Publics, Douglas J. Swanson
Journalism
This research analyzes Christian Web sites addressing gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgendered public. The study involved content analysis of visual, operational, and informational enhancements and a frame analysis to assess issues of intent, consistency, accuracy, and validity. Web sites emphasized information dissemination rather than evangelization or proselytization; were overwhelmingly framed as collections of linked resources, rather than as online destinations for users seeking spiritual comfort; were almost completely devoid of traditional Christian symbols, scripture, and testimony; and failed to acknowledge in depth the complex debate over same-sex relationships.
The Impact Of Health Information And Demographic Changes On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster
The Impact Of Health Information And Demographic Changes On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster
Agribusiness
Over the past few decades, U.S. meat consumption patterns have changed. Figure 1 shows the U.S. per-capita meat consumption from 1970-1999. Consumers have increased their total meat consumption by 9.3% from 1970 to 1999, however, the composition of the meat consumption changed as well. While beef consumption has consistently decreased since 1985 - that of poultry and fish have increased. Per capita pork consumption has not changed on average from the 1970’s to the 1990’s.
The Impact Of Health Information And Women In The Work Force On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster
The Impact Of Health Information And Women In The Work Force On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster
Agribusiness
Over the past few decades, U.S. meat consumption patterns have changed. Changes in food consumption patterns can be the result of changing demographic characteristics, changing lifestyles, increasing health awareness, and nutritional concerns. Prior research suggests that these factors have significant influence on the demand for meat (Capps and Schmitz; Kinnucan, Hsia, and Jackson). The recent interest in low carbohydrate diets and the association with increased red meat consumption is an anecdotal example of this phenomenon.
The Impact Of Market Structure On Agricultural Technology Transfer, Charles F. Nicholson
The Impact Of Market Structure On Agricultural Technology Transfer, Charles F. Nicholson
Agribusiness
An agribusiness focus has emerged in public discussions as way to enhance agricultural production in Indonesia and to improve sustainable income for farmers. The focus has led to increased attention on marketing. Marketing agricultural products via processing technologies can indeed address national objectives of rural poverty alleviation. REI-Indonesia observed that limited marketing alternatives are frequently mentioned by farmers as a significant constraint. In Indonesia, a significant amount of institutional support currently exists for the ideas presented in this paper. In particular, one should consider the multifaceted mission of agricultural development in Indonesia, which includes: (a) policies that encourage competition and, …
Review: Amakudari: The Hidden Fabric Of Japan's Economy By Richard A. Colignon And Chikako Usiu, Harold R. Kerbo
Review: Amakudari: The Hidden Fabric Of Japan's Economy By Richard A. Colignon And Chikako Usiu, Harold R. Kerbo
Social Sciences
No Abstract.
The Politics Of Wittgenstein, Matthew J. Moore
The Politics Of Wittgenstein, Matthew J. Moore
Political Science
No abstract provided.
Why Are We Losing Manufacturing Jobs?, Eric O'N. Fisher
Why Are We Losing Manufacturing Jobs?, Eric O'N. Fisher
Economics
In the last 50 years, the share of employment in manufacturing has declined in the United States. The main reason for this phenomenon is labor-saving technological progress. Variation among state tax polices and international economic conditions have played only minor roles. The source of future prosperity will be technological advances in a service-oriented economy.
Tobacco Control Programs And Tobacco Consumption, Michael L. Marlow
Tobacco Control Programs And Tobacco Consumption, Michael L. Marlow
Economics
No Abstract
The Private Market For Accommodation: Determinants Of Smoking Policies In Restaurants And Bars, John Dunham, Michael L. Marlow
The Private Market For Accommodation: Determinants Of Smoking Policies In Restaurants And Bars, John Dunham, Michael L. Marlow
Economics
No abstract provided.
Cost Of Organic Pork Production: A Seasonal Analysis And Needed Price Premium For Continuous Production, James Kliebenstein, Sean P. Hurley, Ben Larson, Mark Honeyman
Cost Of Organic Pork Production: A Seasonal Analysis And Needed Price Premium For Continuous Production, James Kliebenstein, Sean P. Hurley, Ben Larson, Mark Honeyman
Agribusiness
Niche markets of agricultural products are experiencing rapid growth. One such niche market is organic pork. Organic pork production is a relatively new and expanding segment of the pork industry. Similar to some other niche markets, it has also experienced rapid growth (Organic Trade Association). It is well known that the cost of organic pork production is greater than for traditional pork production due to increased feed costs and decreased swine performance. The industry has dealt with this by paying premiums to induce producers to produce the organic product. However, it is not clear on what level or how the …
Household-Level Impacts Of Dairy Cow Ownership In Coastal Kenya, Charles F. Nicholson, Philip K. Thornton, Rahab W. Muinga
Household-Level Impacts Of Dairy Cow Ownership In Coastal Kenya, Charles F. Nicholson, Philip K. Thornton, Rahab W. Muinga
Agribusiness
This study uses heteroskedastic Tobit and Censored Least Absolute Deviations models to examine the impacts of dairy cow ownership on selected outcomes for a sample of 184 households in coastal Kenya. The outcomes examined include gross household cash income, gross non-agricultural income, consumption of dairy products, time allocated to cattlerelated tasks, number of labourers hired and total wage payments to hired labourers. The number of dairy cows owned has a large and statistically significant impact on household cash income; each cow owned increased income by at least 53% of the mean total income of households without dairy cows. Dairy cow …
A Cross Comparison Between California And Its Domestic And International Competitors With Respect To Key Labor Issues, Sean P. Hurley
A Cross Comparison Between California And Its Domestic And International Competitors With Respect To Key Labor Issues, Sean P. Hurley
Agribusiness
California had a market value of agricultural products sold of $25.7 billion in the year 2002 ranking it as the top agricultural producing state in the country. Approximately 74% of this market value was attributed to crop sales. California producers spent nearly $20.5 billion on total farm expenses. The largest single expense for agricultural producers in the state was labor at $4.3 billion. Another $1.6 billion was spent on contract labor. Hired and contract labor expenses accounted for nearly 29% of total farm expense. Approximately 34,000 California farms hired over 535,000 laborers. Of these farms, 25% reported hiring migrant labor …
Benchmarking For Building Future Engineering & Science Libraries, Anna K. Gold
Benchmarking For Building Future Engineering & Science Libraries, Anna K. Gold
Robert E. Kennedy Library
No abstract provided.
The Interplay Between Analytics And Computation In The Study Of Congestion Externalities: The Case Of The El Farol Problem, Eduardo Zambrano
The Interplay Between Analytics And Computation In The Study Of Congestion Externalities: The Case Of The El Farol Problem, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
In this paper I study the El Farol problem, a deterministic, boundedly rational, multi-agent model of a resource subject to congestion externalities that was initially studied computationally by Arthur (1994). I represent the interaction as a game, compute the set of Nash equilibria in mixed strategies of this game, and show analytically how the method of inductive inference employed by the agents in Arthur’s computer simulation leads the empirical distribution of aggregate attendance to be like those in the set of Nash equilibria of the game. This set contains only completely mixed strategy profiles, which explains why aggregate attendance appears …
The Medium-Term Aftermarket In High-Tech Ipos: Patterns And Implications, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
The Medium-Term Aftermarket In High-Tech Ipos: Patterns And Implications, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Economics
A number of theoretical models, loosely characterized under the rubric of behavioral finance, suggest that price convergence to value is far from instantaneous and possibly involves interplay between noise and informed traders. These models are motivated by documented anomalous patterns in equity markets and assume some form of psychological bias that affects investor behavior. With the benefit of hindsight it seems clear that the technology sector went through a bubble-like pattern in the late 1990s and that investor biases (if indeed they exist and can be inferred) may have been even more pronounced. Accordingly, our study focuses on the medium-term …
Quantitative Analysis Of Icc Profile Quality For Scanners, Xiaoying Rong, Paul D. Fleming, Abhay Sharma
Quantitative Analysis Of Icc Profile Quality For Scanners, Xiaoying Rong, Paul D. Fleming, Abhay Sharma
Graphic Communication
ICC profiling software is widely used in the graphic arts industry. The quality of a scanner profile created by profiling software using a single training target is discussed. A more stringent quantitative analysis of the profile quality is proposed. Different targets from different photo paper manufactures are used as the testing targets to compare the quality of the profiles. A grayscale was also used for testing the ability of profiling software to preserve gray balance. The results show that profiling software can generate apparently high quality profile for the training targets. However, the profile of one target assigned to the …