Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Politics Of Contagion, Joseph M. Young

Master's Theses

Contagion events have occurred throughout history leaving death and destruction in their wake. Often sensationalized in movies and shows such as Contagion and The Walking Dead, contagion events are life-altering events filled with gory symptoms and elevated mortality rates. The dangers of contagion events prompted governments to develop agencies with the purpose of preventing and mitigating the risks contagions pose. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other agencies across the globe pour millions of dollars each year into eliminating the risk of contagions and making the world a safer place. However, while more resources are dedicated to …

People Use Psychological Cues To Detect Physical Disease From Faces, Konstantin O. Tskhay, John Paul Wilson, Nicholas O. Rule

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Previous theoretical work has suggested that people can accurately perceive disease from others’ appearances and behaviors. However, much of that research has examined diseases with relatively obvious symptoms (e.g., scars, obesity, blemishes, sneezing). Here, we examined whether people similarly detect diseases that do not exhibit such visible physical cues (i.e., sexually transmitted diseases). We found that people could indeed identify individuals infected with sexually transmitted diseases significantly better than chance from photos of their faces. Perceptions of the targets’ affective expression and socioeconomic status mediated participants’ accuracy. Finally, increasing participants’ contamination fears improved their sensitivity to disease cues. These data …

Utilizing Behavioral Monitoring To Detect Sickness Or Injury In Dairy Cow And Calves, Nicole Louise Eberhart

Masters Theses

Cattle experience behavioral changes during incidences of discomfort such as respiratory disease, hock injuries, and lameness. Visual evaluation of these conditions, particularly lameness and respiratory disease can be subjective and may lead to untreated animals, which reduces the overall well-being of the animals. In order to improve detection of affected cattle, continuous or combined monitoring systems should be used. These technologies may improve detection compared to visual assessment by reducing human bias. Behavioral changes in particular may be detected through these means, with changes indicating potential health abnormalities in the individual cattle. One such behavior that changes during incidences of …

Time Of Year Affects Surgical Outcome Of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Krystin Sinclair

Honors Projects in Science and Technology

Approximately 35,000 children are born in the US each year with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD). Surgical timing for many of these conditions is elective, and the distribution of surgical cases, therefore, varies with time of year. The hypothesis of this project is that time of the year for surgery is associated with mortality, length of hospital stay (LOS), and total hospital costs. A retrospective, cohort study was performed, using the Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) Database to investigate these relationships.

Awareness And Perception Of Hiv/Aid Preventive Strategies Amongst Undergraduate Students Of Adeleke University, Ede Osun State. Nigeria, Ibidapo Oketunji Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Nigeria the most populous country in Africa with a population of about 180 million people is not ruled out of countries facing and suffering under the dangerous claws of HIVAIDS. Owing to this, there came the need to get the masses more sensitised on how to curb the spread of the disease and if possible obliterate the disease from the among students in tertiary institutions. A descriptive survey research design was used for this study. The study population consisted of ninety (90) undergraduates’ students within six (6) Faculties of Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State Nigeria and simple random technique was …

Systematic Review To Inform Prevention And Management Of Chronic Disease For Indigenous Australians: Overview And Priorities, Judith Streak Gomersall, Karla Canuto, Edoardo Aromataris, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Alex Brown

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To describe the main characteristics of systematic reviews addressing questions of chronic disease and related risk factors for Indigenous Australians.

Methods: We searched databases for systematic reviews meeting inclusion criteria. Two reviewers assessed quality and extracted characteristics using pre‐defined tools.

Results: We identified 14 systematic reviews. Seven synthesised evidence about health intervention effectiveness; four addressed chronic disease or risk factor prevalence; and six conducted critical appraisal as per current best practice. Only three reported steps to align the review with standards for ethical research with Indigenous Australians and/or capture Indigenous‐specific knowledge. Most called for more high‐quality research.

Conclusion: Systematic …

Identifying Metabolic Syndrome In A Clinical Cohort: Implications For Prevention Of Chronic Disease, Allison Martin, Elizabeth Neale, Marijka Batterham, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In the clinical setting, calculating cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is commonplace but the utility of the harmonised equation for metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Alberti et al., 2009) is less well established. The aims of this study were to apply this equation to an overweight clinical cohort to identify risk factors for being metabolically unhealthy and explore associations with chronic disease. Baseline data were analysed from a lifestyle intervention trial of Illawarra residents recruited in 2014/2015. Participants were aged 25–54 years with a BMI 25–40 kg/m2. Data included MetS, CVD risk, insulin sensitivity, weight, body fat, diet, peripheral artery disease (PAD), physical …