Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Spatial Concentration, Stability, And Specialization Of Mental Health Calls For Service: Evidence In Support Of Proactive, Place-Based Interventions, Jacek Koziarski

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

For many decades the police have been the de facto responders to persons with perceived mental illness (PwPMI). However, having the police in this role has come with negative repercussions for PwPMI, such as disproportionately experiencing criminalization and use of force. In recognizing these issues, the police—and more recently, the community—have developed responses that either seek to improve interactions between the police and PwPMI or remove the police from this role altogether. However, in either case, these efforts are reactive in nature, responding to crises that arguably could have been prevented had a timelier intervention taken place. Further, evidence on …

Digital Geographies Of Indigenous Health: Exploring Indigenous Mental Health Content From Turtle Island During Covid-19, Veronica Reitmeier

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The physical and mental health and wellness of Indigenous peoples is cultivated through interrelations with spiritual, cultural, community, and social practices: these practices strengthen identity and belonging. COVID-19 has disrupted many of these relational practices or shifted them to digital environments such as social media. Drawing on a thematic analysis of Tweets from March 2020-December 2021 (n=1137), I address the research question: How are Twitter users across Turtle Island engaging with Indigenous mental health content on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic? Within an Indigenous context, no exploratory research has been conducted on who is engaging with mental health content on …

Adversity, Neurodevelopment, And Cognition In Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Alissa Papadopoulos

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Problem behaviours associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptomatology put children at increased risk of experiencing peer victimization, which has been associated with altered brain development and cognitive ability. A large sample of typically developing (TD), ADHD combined type (ADHD-C), and ADHD inattentive type (ADHD-I) children underwent behavioural assessment, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cognitive testing. We examined how problem behaviours and peer victimization differed among the groups, how problem behaviours and peer victimization related to hippocampal volume, and how hippocampal volume related to working memory (WM). The ADHD-C group displayed the highest levels of peer victimization and problem …

The Experiences Of Iraqi Refugees In Canada: A Life History Study Of War And Resilience In The Aftermath Of Migration, Nada Nessan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis reports on a life history narrative on the experiences of Iraqi refugees who resettled in Canada after living through war. The aim of this study is to help change the narrow perspectives on the mental health of war affected populations to a broader perception shaped by cultural and social aspects and to inform the development of meaningful and cultural relevant programs and policies with a particular attention to the concept of resilience.

The first part of the study presents the chronological narratives, or profiles. of eight participants. The second part of the study is a thematic discussion of …

Moving Beyond The Mat: Exploring The Application Of Mindfulness Training In Professional And Educational Settings, Emily G. Nielsen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objectives. This dissertation provides an evaluation of three web-based mindfulness interventions administered to legal professionals and graduate students — populations characterized by high rates of depression, anxiety, and stress. Chapter 2, Study 1. Lawyers completed questionnaires before and after engaging in Cho and Gifford’s (2016) 8-week Anxious Lawyer program. Analyses revealed improvements in perceived stress; mood; resilience; trait mindfulness; and the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress-related symptoms over time. Chapter 2, Study 2. Lawyers were randomly assigned to either an experimental or waitlist control condition. Well-being was measured at the beginning of the study (i.e., Time 1), after experimental …

Fostering A Trauma- And Violence-Informed Community: Developing Strategies To Inform Public Education, Jessica M. Carswell

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Trauma and violence are pervasive public health issues. Social and systemic barriers can intensify these experiences and negatively impact access to health and social services. A key element of equity-oriented healthcare, trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC) promotes the emotional, physical, and cultural safety of service recipients. This thesis extends ongoing work to enhance organizational implementation of TVIC. In collaboration with Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) Middlesex, semi-structured interviews and a document review were employed to investigate how to frame and share TVIC information with the public and individuals accessing services, and to illuminate what barriers and facilitators may impact this …

Exploring The Impacts Of Learning Challenges For Children Not Yet Identified With A Learning Disability, Giuseppe D. Capozza

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Significant learning challenges can manifest years before children are often eligible to be diagnosed with a Learning Disability (LD). Without a formal diagnosis, many children are often limited in the resources and supports that may receive and critical opportunities for early intervention are missed. This study sought to understand and assess the impact of learning challenges experienced by school-aged children (Grades 1 to 9) who had not yet formally received a diagnosis. Ten parents were recruited from London, Ontario and its surroundings counties (Elgin, Middlesex, Oxford) who were caring for children with significant learning challenges. Data were collected using a …

The Mental Health And Resilience Benefits Of Being A Peer Mentor, Gazal Kukreja

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Post-secondary student mental health is a major concern, with students facing increased stress levels and decreased probabilities of engaging in health-promoting behaviours such as physical activity. Peer mentorship programs are one solution. The purpose of this study was to analyze the mental health and resilience outcomes of being a mentor in a year-long, university-based peer mentorship program. Using a mixed methods design, mentors completed quantitative assessments of mental health and resilience pre- and post-mentorship program. Mentors also wrote qualitative self-reflections at the end of the program. Quantitatively, the only statistically significant change was in mentors’ Positive Affect, which increased over …

Pilot Study: Heart Rate Variability Analysis And Mental Health Outcomes In University Female Hockey Players, Kaitlyn Jacobs

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Exercise improves anxiety and depression, both of which are associated with impaired autonomic regulation of heart rate (HR). In turn, HR variability (HRV) is a reliable physiological indicator of external stressors. The following research tested the hypothesis that HRV is indicative of chronic resilience towards mental stress in female varsity hockey players. Seventeen varsity hockey players (HOCK, age 21 ± 1.5) and fifteen healthy controls (CTRL, age 21 ± 2.2) at Western University participated three times throughout a 7-month season. Participants completed questionnaires (brief resilience scale, BRS; generalized anxiety scale, GAD-7; mental health inventory, MHI; visual analog scale, VAS; short …

Exploring A Mindfulness-Informed Social Emotional Learning Program In Kindergarten Classrooms: The Moderating Role Of Participant Characteristics On Behavioural Outcomes, Nicole Off

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The importance of early intervention using social-emotional learning (SEL) programs is well documented, although less is known about mindfulness informed SEL programs such as MindUP™. Previously, research on MindUP™ has been limited to samples with older children and examining the universal effects, not considering individual characteristics. The present study explored changes in young children’s behaviours, as well as possible subgroup effects based on participant characteristics following MindUP’s™ implementation. MindUP™ was delivered to 285 children in 15-junior/senior kindergarten classrooms across eight high needs schools in a Southwestern Ontario school board. The present study used a subset of those data (N …

Bullying Experiences Among First Nations Youth: Identifying Effects On Mental Health And Potential Protective Factors, Caely I. Dunlop

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Bullying represents a substantial issue facing Canadian youth, and is associated with negative outcomes across domains of function throughout the lifespan. Despite significant literature examining bullying involvement among adolescents in Canada, a paucity of research explores the bullying experiences of First Nations, Metis and Inuit (FNMI) youth. This is particularly concerning, as these youth may be at higher risk for bullying and its related consequences due to the cultural marginalization and systemic inequalities experienced by Indigenous peoples nationwide. The present study aims to address this gap in the literature, examining the bullying experiences of FNMI youth, the effects of these …

Technology Based Mental Health Support Strategies For Youth, Kathleen S. Larion

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The purpose of this study was to investigate youth mental health concerns and technology based support strategies from the perspective of local youth. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with a group of youth who attend area high schools and postsecondary institutions. The youth were asked two main questions: 1) What mental health problems do you think youth are experiencing? 2) What are some support strategies that youth can use, particularly in the school system, that are technology based? During the second focus group interview the youth were given a list of their responses and asked to organize them into …

Mental Health And Safety In Schools: Children’S Perceptions And Experiences, Larissa K. Pipe

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The current study employed an exploratory analysis of children’s perceptions of safety, mental health and experiences with bullying in school. Secondary data from surveys administered to a Southwestern Ontario school board was used to gather frequency data in addition to exploring the associations between mental health, feelings of safety and experiences with bullying. Furthermore, a photovoice component was administered in a select school, intended to gain a deeper understanding of what leads children to feel safe and unsafe, while in school. Results highlight the number of children experiencing mental health concerns as well as the importance of support systems for …

Children's Mental Health, Yvonne A. Asare-Bediako

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The study of children’s mental health has largely been the domain of developmental psychologists and psychiatrists. These studies focus on parental mental health, and examine its direct and indirect effects, through a family’s psychosocial environment. Relatively little attention is given to socio-structural factors. By contrast, the sociology of mental health focuses on such structural factors as poverty and income, examining the extent to which stressors and strains may pattern the effects of these factors on children’s psychopathology. Adding to the divergence in research is the use of maternal reports in the assessment of children’s mental health. These reports often reflect …

Health Implications Of A Delayed Transition Into Adulthood, Lisa K. Zaporzan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis considers mental and physical health outcomes experienced by young adults who live in their parents’ home during young adulthood. The life course perspective suggests that this “off-time” transition may lead to stigmatization and stress, and subsequently, health problems. This research uses the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a nationally representative longitudinal sample of adolescents living in the United States. Wave four was primarily used, during which respondents are between 25-34 years of age (N=2776).

Although living with parents did not significantly increase CES-D or BMI, findings suggest CES-D was affected for those who have physical …