Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Examining Long-Term Change In Employment Across Men’S And Women’S Life Course Using The Psid: Employment Stability, Multiple Jobholding, And Women’S Labour Force Participation, Vesna Pajovic

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

A growing body of research examines precarious employment characteristics that have grown in in the context of a shifting labour market landscape and de-stabilizing structural and economic developments that have gained momentum in Western economies since the 1970s. However, less is known about how these characteristics manifest across the individual life course. This dynamism is conceptually salient not only because labour market activity necessarily changes for individuals over time, but also because the concept of precarious employment concerns long-term employment prospects beyond short-term conditions. Even less research examines the extent to which younger cohorts experience ever more precarious employment pathways …

Cumulative Childhood Adversity And Disparities In Adult Psychological Distress And Educational Attainment, Loanna Heidinger

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Exposure to childhood adversity often does not occur as an isolated experience; rather, adverse childhood circumstances tend to co-occur, resulting in a climate of disadvantage that has detrimental consequences, and contributes to disparities in adult outcomes. Although the enduring impacts of cumulative childhood adversity on adult mental health and attainment outcomes are well documented in the literature, studies have not accounted for the long-term impact of cumulative childhood adversity on trajectories of adult psychological distress. Furthermore, measures of adversity used to predict selection into higher education consistently focus on childhood economic hardship as the sole indicator of adversity and overlook …

Pathways Over The Life Course: Patterns Of Depressive Symptoms In Adolescence And Their Potential Impact On Educational Attainment, Stephen Carneiro Fernandes

MA Research Paper

This analysis draws on life course sociology to investigate the association between depression in adolescence and postsecondary completion in young adulthood. Three gaps in the mental health and education literature are addressed: lack of attention to the duration and timing of depressive symptoms, the overuse of high school degree receipt and college entry as outcome variables, and the exclusion of theoretically important confounders, such as self-rated health. Using panel data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, distinct mental health pathways that are based on a 12-item revision of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale are …

Dads And Dyads: Stress And Coping When A Child Has Retinoblastoma, Rob Downie

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Child psychosocial oncology research offers limited examination of fathers’ and dyadic stress and coping. Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare genetic eye cancer occurring at birth or early childhood. This qualitative sociological study examines individual and dyadic stress and coping across 4 fatherhood role categories when their child is diagnosed/treated for Retinoblastoma. Using purposive sampling, 23 Canadian Rb couples and 7 unmatched parents completed individual in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Findings confirm fatherhood role identity is diverse, influenced by the current situation, elements of discourse, and cultural references. Often contested in public and private spheres, fathering roles show transitional or permanent change tied …

Research Brief No. 7 - Social Participation In Canada Viewed Through A Life Course Approach, Stéphanie Gaudet

Population Change and Lifecourse Strategic Knowledge Cluster Research/Policy Brief

The level of participation in civic and public life in Canada fell significantly from 1992 to 2005. This prompted author Stéphanie Gaudet to ask: how has social participation evolved from 1992 to 2005? And, who are the individuals who participated socially in 2005? Previous studies and policy development on social participation have largely neglected the collective dimension of communities and life course approaches. At the heart of Gaudet’s research, therefore, is a need to further understanding of changes in the life courses of Canadians. In turn, this understanding can help policy makers develop finely tuned policies to foster greater individual …

Examining Contextual Factors And Resilience In Adolescents Who Faced Adversity As Children, Veronica Zapotoczny

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The subject of mental health has increasingly become a topic of discussion as individuals advocate for recognition of this health issue. Early childhood adversity is often associated with mental health problems amongst adolescents, however, many do not succumb to these experiences and instead have resilient health outcomes. This study utilized data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) to analyze the relationship between early adversity and adolescent mental health, how social context may mediate this association, and finally, what factors are associated with mental health resilience. It was found that many at risk children had positive health …

Negotiating Elder Care In A Transnational Context: Taiwanese Families And Vietnamese Migrant Workers, Stephen Lin

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

As one of the most rapidly aging nations in the world, Taiwan is experiencing a growing demand for elder care labour. Limited state-funded care services combine with an ever-increasing number of dependent elderly members, to create a crisis of care that continues to be managed primarily by families. Although this is a culture where sons bear the primary filial responsibility in a patrilineal structure of filial care, daughters-in-law are often expected to provide significant levels of care to their parents-in-law when they require assistance. Women’s increased participation in the workforce since the 1980s, however, poses an additional challenge to families …

Family Structure And Children's Socioeconomic Attainment In The Transition To Adulthood, Jamie Seabrook

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

With the proliferation of different family forms in many western countries over the last few decades, research investigating the influence of family structure on children’s socioeconomic status attainment has expanded dramatically, especially in the United States. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relative influence of family structure, maternal resources and family mental health on predicting children’s educational, occupational, and income attainment in young adulthood.

Data for this study were derived from a case-comparison, three-wave panel study of single-parent and two-parent families living in London, Ontario, with interviews conducted in 1993 (wave 1), 1994 (wave 2), and between …

Flexible Workplace Practices In Small It Firms: A Multiple Case Study, Catherine E. Gordon

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Flexible workplace practices (FWPs), such as flex-time and working from home, facilitate employees’ work-life balance or integration and enhance their quality of work. Yet, their use is constrained by time-oriented and gendered workplace cultures. Typically past research involves either a quantitative analysis of individual-level data or a qualitative examination of a single large firm. Meanwhile inCanada, small businesses (with less than 100 employees) employ 48 percent of the total labour force in the private sector (IndustryCanada, 2010). In this dissertation, I investigate the FWPs available and used at small information technology (IT) firms. Cross-firm comparisons are made with respect to …