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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Mid-Holocene Enso: Issues In Quantitative Model-Proxy Data Comparisons, J Brown, A W. Tudhope, M Collins, H V. Mcgregor
Mid-Holocene Enso: Issues In Quantitative Model-Proxy Data Comparisons, J Brown, A W. Tudhope, M Collins, H V. Mcgregor
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Evaluation of climate model simulations using observed data contributes to the assessment of confidence in model predictions of future climate change. The mid-Holocene represents an opportunity to evaluate model simulations of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in comparison with coral proxy evidence of reduced ENSO amplitude. Quantitative comparisons between coral records and model output have been limited by (1) the use of different measures of ENSO amplitude, (2) possible sampling of natural variability in short records, and (3) uncertainty about the stationarity of the relationship between central Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability and ENSO signals at the coral site. We …
Validity Of Carbohydrate, Glycaemic Index And Glycaemic Load Data Obtained Using A Semi-Quantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire, Alan Winston Barclay, Victoria Mary Flood, Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller, Paul Mitchell
Validity Of Carbohydrate, Glycaemic Index And Glycaemic Load Data Obtained Using A Semi-Quantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire, Alan Winston Barclay, Victoria Mary Flood, Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller, Paul Mitchell
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective: To assess the ability of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to rank Australians according to their intake of total carbohydrate, sugar, starch, fibre, glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL). Design: Cross-sectional sample from a population cohort. Setting: Two postcode areas west of Sydney, Australia. Subjects: From 1992 to 1994, a total of 2868 older Australians provided dietary data using a 145-item Willett-derived FFQ. A representative sub-sample of 78 subjects completed three 4-day weighed food records (WFRs). Pearson and Spearman correlations, Bland–Altman plots and weighted kappa values were calculated. Results: Compared with the WFR, the FFQ provided higher mean estimates …
Using Location-Based Tracking Data To Analyze The Movements Of City Tourists, Modsching Marko, Kramer Ronny, Hagen Klaus Ten, Ulrike Gretzel
Using Location-Based Tracking Data To Analyze The Movements Of City Tourists, Modsching Marko, Kramer Ronny, Hagen Klaus Ten, Ulrike Gretzel
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This article presents a methodology to analyze the spatial behavior of tourists based on tracking data. This method was applied during a field study in the city of Görlitz at the east border of Germany. Based on Global Positioning System (GPS) logs the spatial distribution of visitors in various areas is visualized and analyzed. Using the bimodality of the distribution of walking speeds, areas of slowdown are identified and subsequently clustered into activity areas. Using the activity areas, the amount of time tourists allocate to various activity categories is computed. Furthermore, a subsequent analysis of the activity behavior is used …
Initial Severity And Antidepressant Benefits: A Meta-Analysis Of Data Submitted To The Food And Drug Administration, Irving Kirsch, Brett J. Deacon, Tania B. Huedo-Medina, Alan Scoboria, Thomas J. Moore, Blair T. Johnson
Initial Severity And Antidepressant Benefits: A Meta-Analysis Of Data Submitted To The Food And Drug Administration, Irving Kirsch, Brett J. Deacon, Tania B. Huedo-Medina, Alan Scoboria, Thomas J. Moore, Blair T. Johnson
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background: Meta-analyses of antidepressant medications have reported only modest benefits over placebo treatment, and when unpublished trial data are included, the benefit falls below accepted criteria for clinical significance. Yet, the efficacy of the antidepressants may also depend on the severity of initial depression scores. The purpose of this analysis is to establish the relation of baseline severity and antidepressant efficacy using a relevant dataset of published and unpublished clinical trials. Methods and Findings: We obtained data on all clinical trials submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the licensing of the four new-generation antidepressants for which …