Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Evolutionary psychology (2)
- Sports (2)
- Athletic performance (1)
- Athletics (1)
- Averaging across subjects (1)
-
- Belief change (1)
- Beliefs (1)
- Certification exam (1)
- Community finding (1)
- Competition (1)
- Comprehension (1)
- Confabulation (1)
- Core competency (1)
- Curricular design (1)
- Deliberate practice model of expertise (1)
- Display (1)
- Distance running (1)
- Elite athletes (1)
- Endogenous network formation (1)
- Epistemic benefit (1)
- Epistemic innocence (1)
- Expertise (1)
- Factorial design (1)
- G Theory (1)
- Gaslighting (1)
- Gender differences (1)
- Homophily (1)
- Implementation (1)
- Individual differences (1)
- Inferring cognitive processes (1)
Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Formation Of Physician Patient Sharing Networks In Medicare: Exploring The Effect Of Hospital Affiliation, Sebastian Linde
The Formation Of Physician Patient Sharing Networks In Medicare: Exploring The Effect Of Hospital Affiliation, Sebastian Linde
Funded Articles
This study explores the forces that drive the formation of physician patient sharing networks. In particular, I examine the degree to which hospital affiliation drives physicians' sharing of Medicare patients. Using a revealed preference framework where observed network links are taken to be pairwise stable, I estimate the physicians' pair‐specific values using a tetrad maximum score estimator that is robust to the presence of unobserved physician specific characteristics. I also control for a number of potentially confounding patient sharing channels, such as (a) common physician group or hospital system affiliation, (b) physician homophily, (c) knowledge complementarity, (d) patient side considerations …
"I'D Rather Beg For Forgiveness Than Ask For Permission": Sexuality Education Teachers' Mediated Agency And Resistance, Marilyn Preston
"I'D Rather Beg For Forgiveness Than Ask For Permission": Sexuality Education Teachers' Mediated Agency And Resistance, Marilyn Preston
Funded Articles
This study explores sexuality education teachers' identities and examines the ways in which teachers' experiences mediate their agency and resistance in classrooms. Using grounded theory methodology, the study explores the identities and experiences of school-based sexuality education teachers throughout the United States. Findings suggest that the teachers rely on a unique sense of identity in order to justify challenging the regulatory and policy limitations to their curricula. The study illustrates how agency is mediated by individual social location and experience.
Gaslighting, Cofabulation, And Epistemic Innocence, Andrew Spear
Gaslighting, Cofabulation, And Epistemic Innocence, Andrew Spear
Funded Articles
Recent literature on epistemic innocence develops the idea that a defective cognitive process may nevertheless merit special consideration insofar as it confers an epistemic benefit that would not otherwise be available. For example, confabulation may be epistemically innocent when it makes a subject more likely to form future true beliefs or helps her maintain a coherent self-concept. I consider the role of confabulation in typical cases of interpersonal gaslighting, and argue that confabulation will not be epistemically innocent in such cases even if it does preserve a coherent self-concept or belief-set for the subject. Analyzing the role of confabulation in …
College-Aged Women In The United States That Play Overhand Throwing Sports Have Masculine Digit Ratios, Michael P. Lombardo, Sango Otieno, Adam Heiss
College-Aged Women In The United States That Play Overhand Throwing Sports Have Masculine Digit Ratios, Michael P. Lombardo, Sango Otieno, Adam Heiss
Funded Articles
Athletic prowess in both males and females is negatively correlated with the ratio between the lengths of the second and fourth fingers (2D:4D), a correlate of prenatal testosterone exposure. Because multiple lines of evidence suggest that prenatal testosterone exposure is associated with sports interest, motivation, and athletic performance we measured the digit ratios of 77 non-athletes, 103 varsity athletes, and 78 club sport athletes to test 8 hypotheses about the relationship between digit ratio and the athletic behavior of collegeage women in the USA. Using independent samples t-tests, we found no significant differences between the digit ratios of women that …
The Difference Between Optimal And Germane Communities, Jerry Scripps, Christian Trefftz, Dr. Zachary Kurmas
The Difference Between Optimal And Germane Communities, Jerry Scripps, Christian Trefftz, Dr. Zachary Kurmas
Funded Articles
Networks often exhibit community structure and there are many algorithms that have been proposed to detect the communities. Different sets of communities have different characteristics. Community finding algorithms that are designed to optimize a single statistic tend to detect communities with a narrow set of characteristics. In this paper, we present evidence for the differences in community characteristics. In addition, we present two new community finding algorithms that allow analysts to find community sets that are not only high quality but also germane to the characteristics that are desired.
Poor Metacognitive Awareness Of Belief Change, Michael Wolfe, Todd J. Williams
Poor Metacognitive Awareness Of Belief Change, Michael Wolfe, Todd J. Williams
Funded Articles
When people change beliefs as a result of reading a text, are they aware of these changes? This question was examined for beliefs about spanking as an effective means of discipline. In two experiments, subjects reported beliefs about spanking effectiveness during a prescreening session. In a subsequent experimental session, subjects read a one-sided text that advocated a belief consistent or inconsistent position on the topic. After reading, subjects reported their current beliefs and attempted to recollect their initial beliefs. Subjects reading a belief inconsistent text were more likely to change their beliefs than those who read a belief consistent text. …
We Are All Teachers: A Collaborative Approach To Digital Collection Development, Melanie Shell-Weiss, Annie Benefiel, Kimberly Mckee
We Are All Teachers: A Collaborative Approach To Digital Collection Development, Melanie Shell-Weiss, Annie Benefiel, Kimberly Mckee
Funded Articles
In libraries and archives, efforts to document underrepresented communities and diversify collections can be fraught with political tension. We explore an interdepartmental collaboration to create and preserve a digital collection documenting the Urban Native Relocation Program of the mid- to late-twentieth century in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Involving the Grand Valley State University Libraries, the Kutsche Office of Local History, and the university’s Native American Advisory Board, the project serves as a model not just for collaborative collection development but also for community engagement and outreach. We find that process is as important as product in developing collaborative digital collections.
Marking Stress Explicitly In Written English Fosters Rhythm In The Reader’S Inner Voice, Jennifer Gross, Bo Winegard, Andrea Plotkowski
Marking Stress Explicitly In Written English Fosters Rhythm In The Reader’S Inner Voice, Jennifer Gross, Bo Winegard, Andrea Plotkowski
Funded Articles
Spoken English has a stress-alternating rhythm that is not marked in its orthography. In two experiments, the authors evaluated whether stylistic alterations to print that marked stress pulses fostered the rendering of rhythm (experiment 1) and stress (experiment 2) during silent reading. In experiment 1, silent readers rated the helpfulness of the stylistic alterations appearing in the last line of poems. In experiment 2, silent readers rated the helpfulness of the stylistic alterations appearing in heteronyms embedded in prose. As predicted by linguistic theories, when the stylistic alterations mapped onto the rhythmic pulses of the poems, and the lexically stressed …
The Midwest Interprofessional Practice, Education, And Research Center: A Regional Approach To Innovations In Interprofessional Education And Practice, Jean Nagelkerk, Peter Coggan, Brenda Pawl, Margaret Thompson
The Midwest Interprofessional Practice, Education, And Research Center: A Regional Approach To Innovations In Interprofessional Education And Practice, Jean Nagelkerk, Peter Coggan, Brenda Pawl, Margaret Thompson
Funded Articles
New models for delivering health care services are essential to the development of an environment where interprofessional teams work together collaboratively to provide quality care to communities. This article describes the history and development of the Midwest Interprofessional Practice, Education, and Research Center (MIPERC), a unique partnership among academic institutions, health professionals from multiple disciplines, and diverse practice partners. The Center provides an inter-institutional infrastructure for the development and implementation of interprofessional education and practice. As part of the infrastructure, a model has been developed as a guiding framework for the Center emphasizing the core competency domains of the Institute …
Implementing Restorative Justice Under The Retributive Paradigm: A Pilot Program Case Study, Patrick Gerkin, John Walsh, Joseph Kuilema, Ian Borton
Implementing Restorative Justice Under The Retributive Paradigm: A Pilot Program Case Study, Patrick Gerkin, John Walsh, Joseph Kuilema, Ian Borton
Funded Articles
This article explores the implementation of a pilot program in restorative justice in a medium-sized Midwestern city. Through an examination of meeting minutes, interviews, and the personal reflections of the authors, this article examines the implementation of a victim–offender mediation program, referred to throughout the article as the Fast Track Accountability Program (FTAP). Presented as a case study, the authors describe the key stakeholders, the process, the obstacles, as well as lessons learned along the way. Particular attention is given to the essential role of strong leadership and to the challenges faced when implementing such a program within the bureaucracy …
Nor-Bni Antagonism Of Kappa Opioid Agonist-Induced Reinstatement Of Ethanol-Seeking Behavior, Erin Harshberger, Emily A. Gilson, Kelli Gillett, Jasmine H. Stone, Laila El Amrani, Glenn Valdez
Nor-Bni Antagonism Of Kappa Opioid Agonist-Induced Reinstatement Of Ethanol-Seeking Behavior, Erin Harshberger, Emily A. Gilson, Kelli Gillett, Jasmine H. Stone, Laila El Amrani, Glenn Valdez
Funded Articles
Recent work suggests that the dynorphin (DYN)/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system may be a key mediator in the behavioral effects of alcohol. The objective of the present study was to examine the ability of the KOR antagonist norbinaltorphimine (norBNI) to attenuate relapse to ethanol seeking due to priming injections of the KOR agonist U50,488 at time points consistent with KOR selectivity. Male Wistar rats were trained to self-administer a 10% ethanol solution, and then responding was extinguished. Following extinction, rats were injected with U50,488 (0.1–10 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline and were tested for the reinstatement of ethanol seeking. Next, the …
Isotopic Evidence For Early Trade In Animals Between Old Kingdom Egypt And Canaan, Elizabeth R. Arnold, Lindsay Babcock, Gideon Hartman, Haskel Greenfield, Itzhaq Shai, Aren Maeir
Isotopic Evidence For Early Trade In Animals Between Old Kingdom Egypt And Canaan, Elizabeth R. Arnold, Lindsay Babcock, Gideon Hartman, Haskel Greenfield, Itzhaq Shai, Aren Maeir
Funded Articles
Isotope data from a sacrificial ass and several ovicaprines (sheep/goat) from Early Bronze Age household deposits at Tell es-Safi/Gath, Israel provide direct evidence for the movement of domestic draught/draft and husbandry animals between Old Kingdom Egypt (during the time of the Pyramids) and Early Bronze Age III Canaan (ca. 2900–2500 BCE). Vacillating, bi-directional connections between Egypt and Canaan are known throughout the Early Bronze Age, but here we provide the first concrete evidence of early trade in animals from Egypt to Canaan.
Exploring The Relationship Between Entry-Level Masters Program Class Size And Number Of Graduate Credits Offered And Aggregate Nbcot Pass Rates, Scott Truskowski
Exploring The Relationship Between Entry-Level Masters Program Class Size And Number Of Graduate Credits Offered And Aggregate Nbcot Pass Rates, Scott Truskowski
Funded Articles
The AOTA and ACOTE have discussed a transition to a mandated entry-level clinical doctorate degree (Harvison, 2013). Following the move to the entry-level master’s degree in 2007, the overall national pass rate on the national certification examination fell from 88% in 2006 to 77% by 2009 (Harvison, 2011; Harvison, 2012). This study sought to determine if the number of graduate credits offered or the class size of an entry-level master’s program impacts student outcomes on the national certification examination. Publicly available data was mined from all accredited entry-level master’s programs. Data were imported into the SPSS for statistical analysis. The …
Understanding The Pxs Aspect Of Within-Person Variation: A Variance Partitioning Approach, Brian Lakey
Understanding The Pxs Aspect Of Within-Person Variation: A Variance Partitioning Approach, Brian Lakey
Funded Articles
This article reviews a variance partitioning approach to within-person variation based on Generalizability (G) Theory and the Social Relations Model (SRM). The approach conceptualizes an important part of within-person variation as Person x Situation (PxS) interactions: differences among persons in their profiles of responses across the same situations. The approach provided the first quantitative method for capturing within-person variation and demonstrated very large PxS effects for a wide range of constructs. These include anxiety, five-factor personality traits, perceived social support, leadership, and task performance. Although PxS effects are commonly very large, conceptual and analytic obstacles have thwarted consistent progress. For …
Characterization Of Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetric Electrodes Using Paraffin As An Effective Sealant With In Vitro And In Vivo Applications, Eric Ramsson, Albert Dionise, Daniel Cholger, Nicholas Poirer, Avery Andrus, Randi Curtiss
Characterization Of Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetric Electrodes Using Paraffin As An Effective Sealant With In Vitro And In Vivo Applications, Eric Ramsson, Albert Dionise, Daniel Cholger, Nicholas Poirer, Avery Andrus, Randi Curtiss
Funded Articles
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is a powerful technique for measuring sub-second changes in neurotransmitter levels. A great time-limiting factor in the use of FSCV is the production of high-quality recording electrodes; common recording electrodes consist of cylindrical carbon fiber encased in borosilicate glass. When the borosilicate is heated and pulled, the molten glass ideally forms a tight seal around the carbon fiber cylinder. It is often difficult, however, to guarantee a perfect seal between the glass and carbon. Indeed, much of the time spent creating electrodes is in an effort to find a good seal. Even though epoxy resins can …
Does The Sex Difference In Competitiveness Decrease In Selective Sub-Populations? A Test With Intercollegiate Distance Runners, Robert O. Deaner, Aaron Lowen, William Rogers, Eric Saksa
Does The Sex Difference In Competitiveness Decrease In Selective Sub-Populations? A Test With Intercollegiate Distance Runners, Robert O. Deaner, Aaron Lowen, William Rogers, Eric Saksa
Funded Articles
Sex differences in some preferences and motivations are well established, but it is unclear whether they persist in selective sub-populations, such as expert financial decision makers, top scientists, or elite athletes. We addressed this issue by studying competitiveness in 1,147 varsity intercollegiate distance runners. As expected, across all runners, men reported greater competitiveness with two previously validated instruments, greater competitiveness on a new elite competitiveness scale, and greater training volume, a known correlate of competitiveness. Among faster runners, the sex difference decreased for one measure of competitiveness but did not decrease for the two other competitiveness measures or either measure …
Double Jeopardy In Inferring Cognitive Processes, Mario Fific
Double Jeopardy In Inferring Cognitive Processes, Mario Fific
Funded Articles
Inferences we make about underlying cognitive processes can be jeopardized in two ways due to problematic forms of aggregation. First, averaging across individuals is typically considered a very useful tool for removing random variability. The threat is that averaging across subjects leads to averaging across different cognitive strategies, thus harming our inferences. The second threat comes from the construction of inadequate research designs possessing a low diagnostic accuracy of cognitive processes. For that reason we introduced the systems factorial technology (SFT), which has primarily been designed to make inferences about underlying processing order (serial, parallel, coactive), stopping rule (terminating, exhaustive), …
You Can’T Teach Speed: Sprinters Falsify The Deliberate Practice Model Of Expertise, Michael P. Lombardo, Robert O. Deaner
You Can’T Teach Speed: Sprinters Falsify The Deliberate Practice Model Of Expertise, Michael P. Lombardo, Robert O. Deaner
Funded Articles
Many scientists agree that expertise requires both innate talent and proper training. Nevertheless, the highly influential deliberate practice model (DPM) of expertise holds that talent does not exist or makes a negligible contribution to performance. It predicts that initial performance will be unrelated to achieving expertise and that 10 years of deliberate practice is necessary.We tested these predictions in the domain of sprinting. In Studies 1 and 2 we reviewed biographies of 15 Olympic champions and the 20 fastest American men in U.S. history. In all documented cases, sprinters were exceptional prior to initiating training, and most reached world class …