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Georgia State University

2007

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Articles 1 - 30 of 155

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Multidimential Impact Of Proportionality: Electoral Districts And Deficit Spending, Charles Robert Hankla Dec 2007

The Multidimential Impact Of Proportionality: Electoral Districts And Deficit Spending, Charles Robert Hankla

Political Science Faculty Publications

Why might a democratically elected government choose to run a sustained fiscal deficit in the face of many potential drawbacks? In this paper, I contribute in two important ways to our understanding of the political causes of fiscal outcomes. First, I develop a theoretical argument that democracies with a few large districts will have greater political incentives to provide balanced budgets than democracies with many small districts. Second, I test my theory (and, preliminarily, other theories) with a much broader empirical model than those generally used in the literature. The project helps bring to light the multidimensional impact of electoral …

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Determinants Of New Technology-Based Firms’ Performance In Catch-Up Regions: Evidence From The U.S. Biopharmaceutical And It Service Industries, Wenbin Xiao Dec 2007

Determinants Of New Technology-Based Firms’ Performance In Catch-Up Regions: Evidence From The U.S. Biopharmaceutical And It Service Industries, Wenbin Xiao

Public Management and Policy Dissertations

This study investigates the impacts of regional characteristics on the early-stage performance of New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) in catch-up regions where a mature industrial cluster has yet to be formed. It hypothesized that the average NTBF performance in a region is a function of its scientist job market conditions, cultural diversity, venture capital, academic research, industrial structure, and local entrepreneurial climate. Using the events of Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and Merger & Acquisitions (M&A) as an indicator of early-stage success of NTBFs, this study constructs a set of Zero-Inflated-Negative-Binomial (ZINB) models to predict the spatial distribution of such events in …

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Neuroimmunoendocrine Pathology And Cognitive Function In Type 2 Diabetes, Krista Wild Dec 2007

Neuroimmunoendocrine Pathology And Cognitive Function In Type 2 Diabetes, Krista Wild

Psychology Dissertations

Cognitive impairment among older adults with type 2 diabetes may worsen health outcomes via negative impact on compliance with medical self-care recommendations. Results of several previous studies indicate that cognitive deficits are present in older European American adults with type 2 diabetes under some conditions, particularly related to glucose dysregulation (as evidenced by high glycated hemoglobin, i.e., HbA1c). Despite the fact African Americans are disproportionately affected by diabetes and suffer significantly greater numbers of complications and more severe complications relative to European Americans, no published studies have examined cognitive functioning among older African American adults with type 2 diabetes. Further, …

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Does Patient-Centered Care Affect Racial Disparities In Health?, Catherine Putnam Slade Nov 2007

Does Patient-Centered Care Affect Racial Disparities In Health?, Catherine Putnam Slade

Public Management and Policy Dissertations

This thesis presents a challenge to policy initiatives that presume that patient-centered care will reduce racial disparities in health. Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were used to test patient assessment of provider behavior defined as patient-centered care according to the National Health Disparities Report of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the Department of Health and Human Services. Results indicated patient-centered care improves self-rated health status, but blacks still report worse health status than whites experiencing comparable patient-centered care. Further, black-white differences in patient-centered care had no affect on health status. Rival theories of black-white differences …

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The Therapist's Experience Of Feeling In Too Deep With A Client: A Phenomenological Exploration, Deborah Lynn Weisshaar Nov 2007

The Therapist's Experience Of Feeling In Too Deep With A Client: A Phenomenological Exploration, Deborah Lynn Weisshaar

Psychology Dissertations

Research regarding the experience of the psychotherapist in the therapeutic interaction is uncommon in scientific literature and rarer still in the literature of the U.S. When Freud recognized the therapist’s emotional experience in response to the client, he termed it countertransference and identified it as counterproductive to the analytic process. Later it was recognized as containing potentially useful information about the client. Despite a shift in academic concern away from the clinician’s experience, outcome studies have demonstrated the importance of the therapeutic relationship. If the therapist’s experience can help or hinder the relationship and, therefore, the process of therapy, it …

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Estimating The Capacity Of Visual Short-Term Memory: A Transcranial Doppler Sonography Study, Natasha Ann Barrett Nov 2007

Estimating The Capacity Of Visual Short-Term Memory: A Transcranial Doppler Sonography Study, Natasha Ann Barrett

Psychology Theses

Estimates of the capacity of visuospatial short-term memory (VSTM) have ranged from less than 1 item to 4 +/- 1 items. The purpose of the present study was to find the capacity of VSTM by looking at the contribution of the other working memory systems (phonological loop and central executive) and determine the factor that limits VSTM capacity (either number of objects or object complexity). In this study, the psychophysiological measure of cerebral blood flow velocity also was incorporated to determine whether changes in cerebral blood flow velocity were indicative of VSTM performance and capacity. Both performance measures and cerebral …

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Communicating A Crisis: The Public Information Officer's Perspective, Susan Hale Nov 2007

Communicating A Crisis: The Public Information Officer's Perspective, Susan Hale

Communication Theses

Established research on certain professions – such as police officers, firefighters, and emergency rescue workers (also called "first responders") – suggests that psychological trauma is related to traumatic events experienced on the job. This has led to research on journalists who have experienced comparable psychological effects due to repeated traumatic exposure that comes from reporting on crimes, murders, car accidents, natural disasters, or other stressful situations – the same events experienced by first responders. This study examines public information officers and any similar psychological effects since this occupational group is a near professional cousin to journalists. Using an online survey, …

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Constructing Definitions Of Sexual Orientation In Research And Theory, Daleana Phillips Nov 2007

Constructing Definitions Of Sexual Orientation In Research And Theory, Daleana Phillips

Sociology Theses

Definitions of sexual orientation are reflections of theoretical positions within the essentialist versus social constructionist debate. A cognitive sociological approach to analyzing the positions within this debate allows theorists and researchers to be aware of three distinct theoretical positions or thought communities: natural kinds thought community, social kinds thought community, and empty kinds thought community. Standard content analysis and grounded theory methods are used to analyze the principles, strategies, and practices each thought community uses to mark group membership into various sexual categories. The analysis reveals that each theoretical perspective is marking group membership differently.

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Legislating After Terrorism: September 11, The News Media And The Georgia Legislature, Rachel Tobin Ramos Nov 2007

Legislating After Terrorism: September 11, The News Media And The Georgia Legislature, Rachel Tobin Ramos

Communication Theses

This thesis sought to understand how specific print media and wire news services in Georgia framed the Georgia General Assembly’s response to terrorism after September 11, 2001. The study concluded that the most detailed coverage came from the Morris News Service, a wire service subscribed to by statewide newspapers, followed by the Associated Press state newswire, then The Atlanta-Journal Constitution and The Macon Telegraph. In general, the media in this study chose to cover security bills in terms of "issues," as opposed to the "game frame" or the "leadership frame." While "patriotism" and "security" also emerged as frames, they were …

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"Just Say No": A Process Evaluation Of A Johns' School, Amanda May Jungels Nov 2007

"Just Say No": A Process Evaluation Of A Johns' School, Amanda May Jungels

Sociology Theses

This research evaluates a prostitution offender program (commonly called a "johns'" school") located in a large Midwestern city. I evaluate the components of the program, its philosophy, the short- and long-term effectiveness of the program, and its implementation to determine whether it is effective in deterring men from hiring prostitutes. By comparing pre- and post-test attitudinal forms and participants' assessment of the effectiveness of the program, I have determined that this program is effective in changing the attitudes of men that attend the program, but there are several improvements that the program organizers could implement to increase its effectiveness.

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Trauma Exposure And Behavioral Outcomes In Sheltered Homeless Children: The Moderating Role Of Perceived Social Support, Beryl Ann Cowan Nov 2007

Trauma Exposure And Behavioral Outcomes In Sheltered Homeless Children: The Moderating Role Of Perceived Social Support, Beryl Ann Cowan

Psychology Dissertations

This study examined the association between traumatic exposure and mental health outcomes in sheltered homeless children. Also investigated was the moderating role of perceived social support in the pathway between traumatic exposure and emotional distress. Trauma exposure was conceptualized in two ways: first through lifetime exposures to abuse, neglect, negative peers, community and interpersonal violence, and the loss of significant attachment figures, and; second through highly stressful events that occur s pecifically in the context of homelessness. Mental health outcomes included symptoms of depression, anxiety, anger, aggression and posttraumatic stress. Perceived social support was measured through inventories of relationships with …

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Timing Variables In Reading And Language: The Relation Of Naming Speed And Motor Speed To Auditory Temporal Processing, Cynthia M. Zettler Nov 2007

Timing Variables In Reading And Language: The Relation Of Naming Speed And Motor Speed To Auditory Temporal Processing, Cynthia M. Zettler

Psychology Dissertations

Naming speed, motor skill, and auditory temporal processing (ATP) are constructs that are important to reading and language. These variables require processing timing information inherent in the stimulus or processing stimuli rapidly. ATP deficits are found in individuals with reading impairments, but studies are conflicting regarding the relationship between reading and ATP. This study examined relationships between naming speed, motor speed, and ATP, and centered on possible factors why inconsistencies have occurred across studies examining the association between reading and ATP. If the timing element of naming speed (rapid automatized naming-RAN) and of motor speed is common to ATP, then …

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Motor Control And Reading Fluency: Contributions Beyond Phonological Awareness And Rapid Automatized Naming In Children With Reading Disabilities., Christopher Blake Wolfe Nov 2007

Motor Control And Reading Fluency: Contributions Beyond Phonological Awareness And Rapid Automatized Naming In Children With Reading Disabilities., Christopher Blake Wolfe

Psychology Dissertations

Multiple domains of deficit have been proposed to account for the apparent reading failure of children with a reading disability. Deficits in both phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming are consistently linked with the development of a reading disability in young school age children. Less research, however, has sought to connect these two reading related processes to global theories of deficit, such as temporal processing deficits, in the explanation of reading fluency difficulties. This study sought to explore the relationship between aspects of temporal processing, as indexed through measures of motor fluency and control, and measures of reading related processes, …

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Strangers In Their Own Land: A Cultural History Of Japanese American Internment Camps In Arkansas 1942-1945, Dori Felice Moss Nov 2007

Strangers In Their Own Land: A Cultural History Of Japanese American Internment Camps In Arkansas 1942-1945, Dori Felice Moss

Communication Theses

While considerable literature on wartime Japanese American internment exists, the vast majority of studies focus on the West Coast experience. With a high volume of literature devoted to this region, lesser known camps in Arkansas, like Rohwer (Desha County) and Jerome (Chicot and Drew County) have been largely overlooked. This study uses a cultural history approach to elucidate the Arkansas internment experience by way of local and camp press coverage. As one of the most segregated and impoverished states during the 1940s, Arkansas’ two camps were distinctly different from the nine other internment camps used for relocation. Through analysis of …

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Memory For "What", "Where", And "When" Information By Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) And Adult Humans, Megan L. Hoffman Nov 2007

Memory For "What", "Where", And "When" Information By Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) And Adult Humans, Megan L. Hoffman

Psychology Theses

The purpose for the present study was to examine working memory for what, where, and when information in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and adult humans using a computerized task. In Experiment 1, monkeys and humans completed three delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) tasks: 1) identity DMTS, 2) spatial DMTS, and 3) temporal DMTS. In Experiments 2, the identity and spatial tasks were combined so that monkeys had to report both what and where information about an event. In Experiment 3, the identity, spatial, and temporal tasks were combined in order to examine what-where-when memory integration. In Experiment 4, monkeys and humans were …

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U.S. Newspaper Representation Of Muslim And Arab Women Post 9/11., Nahed Mohamed Atef Eltantawy Nov 2007

U.S. Newspaper Representation Of Muslim And Arab Women Post 9/11., Nahed Mohamed Atef Eltantawy

Communication Dissertations

This study examines U.S. newspaper representation of Muslim-Arab women post 9/11 with an aim of better understanding how women are portrayed in relation to religion, society, politics and the economy. Through a discourse analysis, I examined local articles from across the nation, in addition to international articles, that examine various aspects of Muslim-Arab women’s lives between 9/11/2001 and 9/11/2005. With the increasing focus on the Muslim world in general, and Muslim women in particular, it is necessary to determine how women are portrayed. Muslim-Arab women have increasingly been on the face covers of magazines and front pages of newspapers since …

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Media Framing Of Female Athletes And Women's Sports In Selected Sports Magazines, Stacey Nicely Nov 2007

Media Framing Of Female Athletes And Women's Sports In Selected Sports Magazines, Stacey Nicely

Communication Theses

In order to determine how female athletes and women’s sports are framed in sports magazines, a textual analysis was conducted on three popular sports magazines (ESPN Magazine, Sporting News, and Sports Illustrated). The researcher analyzed the texts within these three magazines and found four emergent themes commonly applied to women in sports: mental weakness, male reference, motherhood and sisterhood, and celebrity. The research found both consistencies and inconsistencies in the thematic framing utilized among the three publications. The textual analysis also revealed a tendency for the sports media to reference individual sports more than team sports. Knowing the exact frames …

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Self-Reported Inattention And Hyperactivity-Impulsivity As Predictors Of Attention Network Efficiency, Sanna Elina Lehtonen Nov 2007

Self-Reported Inattention And Hyperactivity-Impulsivity As Predictors Of Attention Network Efficiency, Sanna Elina Lehtonen

Psychology Dissertations

Previous research has shown that individuals endorsing inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity have deficient performance on tasks tapping different aspects of attention. Although there is empirical evidence suggesting that the behavioral domains of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity are linked to functioning of independent and separate brain areas and neurotransmitter systems, cognitive characterization of adults presenting with problems within these domains is not complete. The aim for this study was to identify the cognitive correlates of the core behavioral domains that define the diagnosis of AD/HD (i.e., inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity) in a sample of college students, utilizing a computerized attention task, the Attention Network …

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Explaining The Ineffectiveness Of The Convention On The Prevention And Punishment Of The Crime Of Genocide: The Leadership Of The Hegemon, Betsy Lynn Montgomery Nov 2007

Explaining The Ineffectiveness Of The Convention On The Prevention And Punishment Of The Crime Of Genocide: The Leadership Of The Hegemon, Betsy Lynn Montgomery

Political Science Theses

This thesis examines the role of the hegemon in the international response to genocide. The study looks specifically at the role of the United States and the post Cold War cases of genocide to determine how the United States encouraged or discouraged a response to genocide. By using the plausibility probe method, this study finds that the role of the hegemon is an important one that should be studied further to understand the impact of the hegemon on the international response to genocide.

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November/December 2007, Stall Times Nov 2007

November/December 2007, Stall Times

University Library Stall Times

No abstract provided.

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Essays On The Evaluation Of Land Use Policy: The Effects Of Regulatory Protection On Land Use And Social Welfare, Kwaw Senyi Andam Oct 2007

Essays On The Evaluation Of Land Use Policy: The Effects Of Regulatory Protection On Land Use And Social Welfare, Kwaw Senyi Andam

Public Management and Policy Dissertations

Societies frequently implement land use policies to regulate resource extraction or to regulate development. However, two important policy questions remain unresolved. First, how effective are land use regulations? Second, how do land use regulations affect socioeconomic conditions? Three issues complicate the evaluation of land use policies: (1) overt bias may lead to incorrect estimates of policy effects if implementation is nonrandom; (2) the policy may affect outcomes in neighboring unregulated lands; and (3) unobservable differences between regulated and unregulated lands may lead to biased assessments. Previous evaluations of land use policies fail to address these sources of bias simultaneously. In …

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The Life Of A Wiki: How Georgia State University Library's Wiki Enhances Content Currency And Employee Collaboration, Sarah Steiner, Joel Glogowski Oct 2007

The Life Of A Wiki: How Georgia State University Library's Wiki Enhances Content Currency And Employee Collaboration, Sarah Steiner, Joel Glogowski

University Library Faculty Publications

In recent years, the ease of use and collaborative nature of the wiki has made it a popular tool in many libraries. Georgia State University Library has hosted an internal wiki since 2003, and since its inception it has been utilized in many different and innovative ways. This article will provide an overview of some of the more interesting uses of the GSU Library wiki, specifically, its life as a reference guide, training manual, committee meeting and planning ground, home for material price quotes, and finally, as a place for entertaining work-related content.

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Public School Responses To Charter School Presence, Nevbahar Ertas Oct 2007

Public School Responses To Charter School Presence, Nevbahar Ertas

Public Management and Policy Dissertations

As charter schools continue to proliferate across United States, their impact on the public education system is becoming an increasingly important public policy question. Charter school proponents argue that combined pressures of consumer choice and market competition will induce traditional public schools to respond by providing higher quality education and promoting innovation and equity. Skeptics worry that charter schools pose risks of segregating students by race and economic level, and reducing per-pupil resources available to traditional public schools. This dissertation provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of charter schools on regular public schools by addressing the following questions: 1) …

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Do Different Expenditure Mechanisms Invite Different Influences? Evidence From Research Expenditures Of The National Institutes Of Health, Jungbu Kim Oct 2007

Do Different Expenditure Mechanisms Invite Different Influences? Evidence From Research Expenditures Of The National Institutes Of Health, Jungbu Kim

Public Management and Policy Dissertations

This study examines 1) whether the different expenditure mechanisms used by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invite different sources of influences on the budget process and thus on the expenditure outcomes and 2) whether the frequent use of omnibus appropriations bills since 1996 has changed budget levels of the institutes under the NIH. The NIH uses two major expenditure mechanisms with very different beneficiary groups: the principal investigator-initiated Research Project Grants and Intramural Research. Drawing on theories of motivations of public officials and of political clout of agency heads and considering empirical studies of the effect of omnibus legislation, …

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Overcoming The "Do-Gooder Fallacy": Explaining The Adoption Of Effectiveness Best Practices In Philanthropic Foundations, Shena Renee Ashley Oct 2007

Overcoming The "Do-Gooder Fallacy": Explaining The Adoption Of Effectiveness Best Practices In Philanthropic Foundations, Shena Renee Ashley

Public Management and Policy Dissertations

An adoption model was proposed to examine the influence of four types of organizational factors- organizational capacity, organizational structure, operating environment and grantmaking orientation- on the adoption of four effectiveness best practices, formal evaluation, knowledge management, leadership development and operating grants in philanthropic foundations. Data were collected from a national survey of foundations and the Foundation Center database. The results indicate that the grantmaking orientation of a foundation is the greatest indicator of adoptive behavior. Furthermore, capacity constraints are most relevant to the adoption decision when the adopting practice requires significant investments of time, money and expertise. Given the social …

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Presentation - Getting Their Hands Dirty: Collaborating To Engage Undergraduates In Learning, Mandy J. Swygart-Hobaugh M.L.S., Ph.D. Oct 2007

Presentation - Getting Their Hands Dirty: Collaborating To Engage Undergraduates In Learning, Mandy J. Swygart-Hobaugh M.L.S., Ph.D.

University Library Faculty Publications

Presentation on collaboration with Dr. Hannah Britton, Associate Professor of Political Science and Women’s Studies, on the redesign of her Women and Politics course toward achieving an articulated pedagogical aim of shifting from “providing instruction” to “producing learning” via engaging students’ in original research/analysis.

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An Examination Of Unintended Consequences Of Intergovernmental Equalization Programs, Dmitry V. Shishkin Aug 2007

An Examination Of Unintended Consequences Of Intergovernmental Equalization Programs, Dmitry V. Shishkin

Economics Dissertations

While the major goal of intergovernmental equalization transfers is the pursuit of equity, there are also a number of unintended consequences produced by equalization programs. In this dissertation we analyze the negative effect of equalization on the size of factors that are either used to measure the equalized jurisdictions' fiscal capacity in gap-filling equalization programs or are taxed with the purpose of further redistribution among jurisdictions in tax base sharing programs. We propose a theoretical framework in which the comparative statics analysis shows how equalization programs can induce substitution effect in the representative individual's consumption bundle via changes in the …

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Labor Market Outcomes And Welfare Participation Of Teen Mothers: Evidence From Georgia, Djesika Djatugbe Amendah Aug 2007

Labor Market Outcomes And Welfare Participation Of Teen Mothers: Evidence From Georgia, Djesika Djatugbe Amendah

Economics Dissertations

This dissertation explores the effect of teen childbearing on the adult mother’s employment, earnings and welfare participation. This study contributes to the literature on the consequence of teen childbearing by relying on original datasets and using an array of samples and econometric methods to test the robustness of the results. We use state administrative data from several sources including the Georgia subset of the Vital Statistics for the years 1994-2002, the Wage and Employer files for the years 1990-2003, and the Welfare dataset for the years 1990-2005. We select three samples. The first sample is constructed with sisters raised in …

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Fiscal Decentralization And Public Sector Employment: A Cross-Country Analysis, Ming-Hung Yao Aug 2007

Fiscal Decentralization And Public Sector Employment: A Cross-Country Analysis, Ming-Hung Yao

Economics Dissertations

This dissertation seeks to investigate the relationship between public sector employment and fiscal decentralization. We develop a theoretical model that helps us understand the interaction of the central executive's and subnational governor's decisions on the level of public employees at the central and subnational levels. Our empirical work shows that fiscal decentralization policy shifts central government employees to the subnational government level and that the increase in public employees at the subnational government level overwhelms the decrease in public employees at the central level. As a result, the level of total public sector employees increases with the degree of fiscal …

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Menopause Transition And Labor Market Outcomes, Mercy Mvundura Aug 2007

Menopause Transition And Labor Market Outcomes, Mercy Mvundura

Economics Dissertations

Over the past 50 years, women have become important participants in the labor market. With the increase in the number of middle-aged women going through the menopause transition, the question arises as to the effect of this transition on the labor market. Previous studies have shown that reproductive cycles have a non-trivial negative effect on women’s labor market outcomes. Thus, the cessation of these reproductive cycles (menopause) should bring relief for these women. However, another body of literature asserts that the menopause transition itself has a negative effect on women’s mental and physical health and so may have a negative …

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