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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Interpretation (2)
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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Firm Size, Farm Size, And Transaction Costs: The Case Of Hazelnut Farms In Turkey, Ibrahim Demir
The Firm Size, Farm Size, And Transaction Costs: The Case Of Hazelnut Farms In Turkey, Ibrahim Demir
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ABSTRACT This study analyzes the determinants of the size of the hazelnut farms in Turkey within the framework of the theory of firm and transaction costs. This study argues that, for a farm production function, land is a complex input with many transaction cost-increasing interactions with nature. Natural effects, such as land slope and variation in the weather conditions, can increase transaction costs. Transaction costs are the costs of using the inputs necessary for production. This study utilizes two separate data sets in order to test if the predicted relationship between transaction costs and farm size holds. The first data …
Essays On Sports Economics, Octavian Vasilescu
Essays On Sports Economics, Octavian Vasilescu
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The common thread behind the three papers presented here is the use of sports data to test economics theories. The effect of wage inequality on team production is an important question in labor economics. Data from sports are well suited to study this problem, with more than ten published papers in the last decade.In the first paper we analyze the effect of wage inequality both on team performance and efficiency, using data from Major League Baseball and a stochastic frontier model with a translog production function. Most studies have examined the impact of inequality within a linear framework, and found …
Examining The Effects Of Fatigue On Decision-Making In Nursing: A Policy-Capturing Approach, Laura Mcclelland
Examining The Effects Of Fatigue On Decision-Making In Nursing: A Policy-Capturing Approach, Laura Mcclelland
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Some previous research has focused on better understanding factors that influence nurses' decision-making; however, previous research has not used policy-capturing as a methodology to examine the impact of fatigue on registered nurses' decision-making. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether the fatigue of working a 12-hour day shift influenced a sample of registered nurses' decision-making. Participants consisted of 69 registered nurses working a 12-hour day shift from 7 AM to 7 PM at a large southeastern hospital. The participants completed a general questionnaire and a policy-capturing questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of a 12-hour …
Essays On Electricity Regulation And Restructuring, Earl Davis
Essays On Electricity Regulation And Restructuring, Earl Davis
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The study of the regulation of the electric power industry is important to understanding the role of the industry in the economic development of this country. These essays attempt to clarify the analysis and emphasize the salient features of regulation and the restructuring of the electric power industry and the organization of the firms that make up the industry.
Personality Predictors Of Motivation To Lead, Tracey Tafero
Personality Predictors Of Motivation To Lead, Tracey Tafero
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In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in understanding the relationship between personality traits and leadership. Recent research suggests that some personality variables are related to leadership. However, research has rarely examined the process by which personality may impact leadership. This study explores the relationship between personality and motivation to lead, a proposed intervening variable between personality and leadership. In addition, this study looks at both broad and narrow measures of personality as predictors of motivation to lead. The current study both replicates and extends the findings of Chan & Drasgow (2001). Results reveal that facet-level personality scales …
The Enabling Potential Of Losses In Later Life: Linking Constraints To Selective Optimization With Compensation, Begum Aybar-Damali
The Enabling Potential Of Losses In Later Life: Linking Constraints To Selective Optimization With Compensation, Begum Aybar-Damali
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A substantial literature describes factors that prevent people from participating in and enjoying leisure and recreation activities. These factors have often been regarded as negative and helping individuals use strategies to maintain participation has been advised. The primary purpose of this study was to explore whether losses catalyzed selective optimization of resources. This exploratory research investigated the relationship among (1) life satisfaction, (2) change in leisure behavior, (3) life management strategies of selection, optimization, and compensation, (4) enhancement outcomes, and (5) leisure satisfaction. The participants of the study were recruited from older adults who attended activities and classes provided by …
An Analysis Of College Basketball Conference Structure, Conference Officials, And Their Potential Effect On Revenues, Kris Mcwhite
An Analysis Of College Basketball Conference Structure, Conference Officials, And Their Potential Effect On Revenues, Kris Mcwhite
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The NCAA men's basketball tournament paid out over $122 million to athletic conferences during the 2005-06 season alone. Using data from previous basketball seasons, I formulate a theory as to the actions athletic conferences may encourage their basketball referees to take in order to enhance their share of the purse. If we consider the individual team within a group of college teams acting as a division of the larger 'firm,' that being the conference and not an individual 'firm' itself, then it is appropriate to suggest a single team would allow actions that at first glance seem detrimental. Initial research …
Essays In Defense Economics: Veterans' Human Capital Accumulation And Military Procurement Choice, Sebastian Negrusa
Essays In Defense Economics: Veterans' Human Capital Accumulation And Military Procurement Choice, Sebastian Negrusa
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The first chapter estimates the effect of aid on schooling decisions by analyzing the education subsidy provided through the Montgomery GI Bill. The effects are identified by exploiting unanticipated variation in the real value of education benefits between the time an individual joins the military and the time of separation. Using micro-level panel data, we find that military veterans have an elasticity of college attendance with respect to the subsidy that ranges from 0.4 to 0.6. Recruits and veterans are allowed to form expectations under different scenarios about the real future value of the benefits. We find little effect of …
Qualitative Aspects Of Mate Availability And Their Effects On Intra-Household Bargaining Power, Brighita Negrusa
Qualitative Aspects Of Mate Availability And Their Effects On Intra-Household Bargaining Power, Brighita Negrusa
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This dissertation studies the impact of changes in outside marriage market opportunities on intra-household bargaining power. In the first chapter, I analyze the impact of the availability of healthy mates on intra-household bargaining power. I specify a marriage market matching model and test the main prediction that in marriage markets in which both healthy and frail men marry, an increase in the relative scarcity of healthy women enhances wives' bargaining power. This effect is estimated in a collective labor supply framework in which spousal bargaining power and labor supply are inversely related. I use CPS data and Census data on …
Toward A Model Of Intention To Perform Partnership Behaviors: An Application Of The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Melissa Weddell
Toward A Model Of Intention To Perform Partnership Behaviors: An Application Of The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Melissa Weddell
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The partnership phenomenon has received considerable attention as an alternative management strategy for public agencies. The current political culture of fiscal constraint and 'doing more with less' has caused a groundswell of interest in collaborative, partnering, and resource sharing arrangements (Selin & Myers, 1995). Partnership offers a process to increase involvement through democratic means and provide a viable approach for expanding the range of services offered, enhancing the opportunities of park visitors, and building a sense of community pride (Vaske, Donnelly, & LaPage, 1995). Partnerships between public agencies and corporations are rapidly becoming an accepted mechanism to generate additional park …
The Economic And Political Feasibility Of Incorporating Wetlands Into A Water Quality Trading Program At The Watershed Scale , Gregory Mikota Ii
The Economic And Political Feasibility Of Incorporating Wetlands Into A Water Quality Trading Program At The Watershed Scale , Gregory Mikota Ii
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Incorporating the use of wetlands as a technology to enhance water quality trading programs requires the consideration of many political, economic, ecological, and legal issues. It is desirable to include wetlands as a nutrient reducing practice in certain water quality trading programs because these wetlands can provide additional benefits, beyond those of other technologies, such as carbon dioxide sequestration and increased habitat area and biodiversity. There is a great deal of interest from policymakers in extending the implementation of the United States EPA's Water Quality Trading Policy to include the use of constructed or restored wetlands. However, is the incorporation …
Visitors' Delayed Responses To Interpretive Talks And Interpreters' Expectations For Visitor Responses, Lisa Machnik
Visitors' Delayed Responses To Interpretive Talks And Interpreters' Expectations For Visitor Responses, Lisa Machnik
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National Park visitors' delayed responses to interpretive talks are examined and compared to professional interpreters' expectations for visitor responses to interpretive talks. The premise is that through an understanding of visitors' delayed responses, interpretive programs can be refined to further the goals of visitor learning and appreciation as well as the development of a sense of stewardship. Informal learning theory, schema theory, and constructivist learning theory provide a conceptual and theoretical framework for the research.
Visitors to nine U.S. National Parks participated in a computer-assisted telephone survey/interview eight months after attending an on-site interpretive talk (n=283, response rate 86%). Questions …
Product Liability Litigation: An Issue Of Merck And Lawsuits Over Vioxx, Kurt Rotthoff
Product Liability Litigation: An Issue Of Merck And Lawsuits Over Vioxx, Kurt Rotthoff
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Merck & Co., Inc. pulled Vioxx, a $2.5 billon a year nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, off the shelf in September 2004. The removal followed a study that was published reporting Vioxx increased the risk of cardiovascular events after long-term use. In the years since then, many lawsuits have been filed against Merck. This paper examines the incentive to recall a product and the effects of Merck pulling Vioxx from the shelves. Using the market's expected internal rate of return for Merck, I calculate the expected profits from future Vioxx sales. I then use data on financial effects, along with the outcomes …
Factors Affecting The Formation Of Interest Groups, Aileen Sampson
Factors Affecting The Formation Of Interest Groups, Aileen Sampson
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This paper presents empirical information to assist in answering the question: Why does the number of interest groups vary from one political jurisdiction to another? This paper's contribution to the understanding of the political economy of collective behavior is an empirical, cross-sectional study of interest group formation in the United States. The unit of observation is the county circa 2000. On a per capita basis, this study finds that lower voter participation rates, higher government expenditures, and higher religious adherence, on average, are consistent with the formation of more interest groups. On the other hand, having a higher number of …
The Relevance Of Offsetting Policy Effects: Covert Distributive Politics In The Conservation Reserve Program , Robert Carey
The Relevance Of Offsetting Policy Effects: Covert Distributive Politics In The Conservation Reserve Program , Robert Carey
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The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), as initially authorized by the Food Security Act of 1985, operated by removing land from agricultural production in order to generate environmental benefits, primarily erosion reduction. Policy, however, often generates unintended consequences. One potential unintended consequence in the CRP is slippage; if the upward pressure that the idling of cropland exerts on commodity prices results in the activation of new land, behavior that may partly offset the program's environmental benefits, then price-feedback slippage is said to have occurred. Examination of county-level wheat production data for the United States during the years 1980 to 1993 utilizes …
Death And Taxes: The Impact Of Government Policy On Health, Anca Cotet
Death And Taxes: The Impact Of Government Policy On Health, Anca Cotet
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This dissertation investigates the impact of various government policies on health. First, I study the effect of labor income taxes on health. Labor income taxes are predicted to affect health through their impact on the value of time, which is at the same time an important input but also the output of health production. Using variation in labor income tax rates among US states, I find that both higher taxes and more progressive taxes keeping tax liability constant lead to a decline in health.
Second, I challenge the common wisdom that non-economic damage caps on malpractice awards have a positive …
Three Essays In Political Economy, Melissa Yeoh
Three Essays In Political Economy, Melissa Yeoh
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The first essay provides a theoretical framework that informs the ongoing debate regarding the effect of conservation easement subsidies on local property tax revenue. Supporters claim that conservation easements increase property tax revenue by providing environmental amenities that increase the value of adjacent properties. Critics argue that they decrease property tax revenue by lowering land values and shrinking the tax base. In instances when local property tax revenue decline due to the income tax deductibility of conservation easements, the decline is larger when the demand for land is more elastic, the proportion of non-agricultural land in the county is larger, …
Meaningful Learning At A National Historic Site: How Interpretive Tour Message Content Affects Visitor Learning Transfer, Christine Van Winkle
Meaningful Learning At A National Historic Site: How Interpretive Tour Message Content Affects Visitor Learning Transfer, Christine Van Winkle
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This study examines meaningful learning transfer at a historic site. Transfer is the ability to apply knowledge to a new situation or setting and can be divided into near and far transfer. Near transfer is characterized by the ability to transfer knowledge to a similar situation, whereas far transfer is the ability to transfer knowledge to a different situation. This between-subject post-test only field experiment investigated the effect of interpretive message design on visitors' ability to transfer leaning from an interpretive audio tour at a heritage site. Interpretive messages were designed to examine the effect of message organizers (i.e. presence …