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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Taxing Our Future: The Burden Of The Australian Superannuation Taxation System, Corinne Cortese, John Glynn
Taxing Our Future: The Burden Of The Australian Superannuation Taxation System, Corinne Cortese, John Glynn
John J Glynn
This study provides an examination of the Australian superannuation system and demonstrates the onerous taxation burden applied to Australian superannuation contributions and earnings. Using Canada, New Zealand, the UK, and the USA as a basis for comparison, the superannuation schemes and supporting taxation systems of each of the five countries of the study are reviewed. A scenario is developed and applied that demonstrates the inequity of the Australian system relative to comparable nations. Given concerns about the ageing population, this research supports calls for further reforms to the taxation of superannuation in Australia, which highlight the need to make superannuation …
Sme Innovation Within The Australian Wine Industry: A Cluster Analysis, David Aylward, John Glynn
Sme Innovation Within The Australian Wine Industry: A Cluster Analysis, David Aylward, John Glynn
John J Glynn
This paper assesses core innovation activity among SMEs within different levels of cluster development. The aim of the paper, using empirical data from the Australian wine industry, is to demonstrate that innovation levels and activity intensify as an industry cluster develops. By dividing wine clusters into ‘innovative’ (highly developed) and ‘organised’ (less developed) models, the paper uses selected core indicators of innovation activity to explore levels of integration within each model. This integration is examined in the context of Porter’s theory of ‘competitive advantage’, with implications for SMEs in particular, and lessons for industry clusters in general.
Regulation Of Aboriginal Labour In Queensland: Protectors, Agreements And Trust Accounts 1897/ 1965, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Regulation Of Aboriginal Labour In Queensland: Protectors, Agreements And Trust Accounts 1897/ 1965, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Robert G. Castle
No abstract provided.
The Ilo And The Australian Contribution To The International Labour Standards Debate, Chris Nyland, Robert Castle
The Ilo And The Australian Contribution To The International Labour Standards Debate, Chris Nyland, Robert Castle
Robert G. Castle
Summarizes the debate between those who are urging the World Trade Organization to adopt a social clause that links the right to engage in international trade with basic labour rights, and those who believe that this would harm the ability of developing countries to compete with the advanced economies because it would prevent them paying lower wages to their workers. Sets out the background to this debate, before examining how it has been carried forward in Australia, looking at the submissions made to the Duffy Report, published in 1996, and the subsequent debate. Analyses the positions taken by the Australian …
Politics In The Oxley Region 1894-1920, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Politics In The Oxley Region 1894-1920, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Robert G. Castle
No abstract provided.
Share Farming And The Development Of The Dairy Industry In New South Wales 1890‐1940, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Share Farming And The Development Of The Dairy Industry In New South Wales 1890‐1940, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Robert G. Castle
This article assesses the role of share fanning in the NSW dairy industry until the second world war. It examines the origins of the industry and the effects of the 'Dairy Revolution' on the production of milk, cream and butter in the context of the NSW government's policy of 'closer settlement'. It considers the advantages and disadvantages of share farming for both landlords and share farmers and traces some of the social and economic consequences for the industry and the people involved. In doing so it offers a new explanation for the expansion of the industry and the problems that …
Child Labour In South Asia: Domestic And International Initiatives Including Ilo And Wto, D P Chaudhri, Robert Castle, Chris Nyland
Child Labour In South Asia: Domestic And International Initiatives Including Ilo And Wto, D P Chaudhri, Robert Castle, Chris Nyland
Robert G. Castle
South Asia has the largest concentration of child labour and of children not participating in school education. This paper aims to examine the trends in the incidence of child labour in five countries of the region, for the period 1965-1995 and to to delineate patterns in socio-economic correlates relevant to this issue. Multilateral organizations and national governments need to focus the greater part of their efforts on the children most at risk-i.e., those in morally and physically hazardous occupations. The national governments must focus more on agriculture and home-based occupations in the informal sector which account for a large amount …
Seasonal Work And Aboriginal Employment In Two Rural Areas Of New South Wales, 1921–78, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Seasonal Work And Aboriginal Employment In Two Rural Areas Of New South Wales, 1921–78, Robert Castle, James Hagan
Robert G. Castle
This paper has several areas of focus. It chronicles the history of Aboriginal employment in Australia in two contrasting areas; it identifies the characteristics of that employment and traces the nature of its change over time; it outlines the attitude of Aborigines towards their work, and the impact of that work on Aboriginal society; it also considers the attitudes of white Australians towards Aborigines and their employment. Finally, it draws some conclusions concerning the responses of the Aborigines to pressures put on them by the economy and society of the white man.
Dependence And Independence: Aboriginal Workers On The Far South Coast Of Nsw 1920-75, R Castle, J Hagan
Dependence And Independence: Aboriginal Workers On The Far South Coast Of Nsw 1920-75, R Castle, J Hagan
Robert G. Castle
No abstract provided.
Jim Hagan: A Memoir, Robert Castle
Jim Hagan: A Memoir, Robert Castle
Robert G. Castle
Jim Hagan died suddenly on 20 October 2009, three days short of his eightieth birthday. He was one of the last of a group of left-wing Australian historians whose world view was formed by the Depression of the 1930s. Its impact influenced his intellectual development, his focus as an historian and his wider political and social activities.
Fixing Wages For Aborigines In The Queensland Cattle Industry 1901, James Hagan, Robert Castle, Craig Clothier
Fixing Wages For Aborigines In The Queensland Cattle Industry 1901, James Hagan, Robert Castle, Craig Clothier
Robert G. Castle
Wages for Aborigines in the Queensland cattle industry between 1901 and 1965 were set not by a tribunal but on the advice of the Chief Protector of Aborigines and his successors. These men did not fix wages according to the 'needs' of Aborigines; rather, they proclaimed wage rates that represented tbe resolution of a variety of considerations, some economic and some political. This paper analyses the fixing of wages for Aboriginal station bands in Queensland under the protectorate system, and contrasts these wages with developments in wages for white workers in the industry.
Labour Clauses, The World Trade Organisation And Child Labour In India, Robert Castle, D P Chaudhri, Chris Nyland
Labour Clauses, The World Trade Organisation And Child Labour In India, Robert Castle, D P Chaudhri, Chris Nyland
Robert G. Castle
No abstract provided.
Review And Critique Of The Quality Of Exercise Recommendations For Cancer Patients And Survivors, Nancy Humpel, Donald Iverson
Review And Critique Of The Quality Of Exercise Recommendations For Cancer Patients And Survivors, Nancy Humpel, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
The benefit of exercise for cancer patients is starting to become recognized. The purposes of this paper were to review the literature to examine whether research findings are being converted into guidelines for patients and survivors and to examine the quality of evidence on which they were based. A computer search of major health databases was conducted for peer-reviewed literature and books on exercise and cancer, and an Internet search was conducted for cancer websites reporting any exercise guidelines/recommendations for cancer patients. Seven peer-reviewed articles, eight books and eight cancer websites were identified that suggested exercise guidelines for cancer patients …
Analysis Of The Costs Of A Large Prevention Trial, Nicole Urban, Steven Self, Larry Kessler, Ross Prentice, Maureen Henderson, Donald Iverson, Donovan Thompson, David Byar, William Insull, Sherwood Gorbach, C Clifford, Susan Goldman
Analysis Of The Costs Of A Large Prevention Trial, Nicole Urban, Steven Self, Larry Kessler, Ross Prentice, Maureen Henderson, Donald Iverson, Donovan Thompson, David Byar, William Insull, Sherwood Gorbach, C Clifford, Susan Goldman
Don C. Iverson
Total direct costs of the Women's Health Trial (WHT), alarge multicenter preventiontrial, were reduced by more than 50% by means of research costanalysis conducted during the trial design phase. The unit costs of specific trial activities were estimated so that total direct costs of the trial could be predicted from design parameters. The relative costs of screening, treatment, and follow-up, and the fixed costs associated with each clinical center in a multicenter preventiontrial were taken into account. Direct costs of the WHT were reduced from $195 million to $95 million by refinement of the trial protocol, selection of an efficient …
Research In School Health Education: A Needs Assessment, Lloyd Kolbe, Donald Iverson
Research In School Health Education: A Needs Assessment, Lloyd Kolbe, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
No abstract provided.
Federal Data Bases For Health Education Research, Ronald Wilson, Donald Iverson
Federal Data Bases For Health Education Research, Ronald Wilson, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
Described are some of the national health related databases which are useful in conducting health education research. Among areas covered by the projects are hypertension, myocardial infarction, neighborhood health centers, alcoholism, and over the counter drugs.
The Danger Of Applying Uniform Clincal Policies Across Populations: The Case Of Breast Cancer In American Indians, Paul Nutting, Ned Calonge, Donald Iverson, Larry Green
The Danger Of Applying Uniform Clincal Policies Across Populations: The Case Of Breast Cancer In American Indians, Paul Nutting, Ned Calonge, Donald Iverson, Larry Green
Don C. Iverson
OBJECTIVES. This study examined the implications of annual screening mammography for cost and mortality in American Indian populations with differing baseline breast cancer rates. METHODS. A decision tree compared annual screening mammography and screening clinical breast examination with referral for diagnostic mammography when appropriate. The decision tree was constructed to examine the effect of different base-line cancer rates, stage at diagnosis, and stage-specific survival. Outcomes included 5-year relative survival, deaths prevented at 5 years, cost per death prevented, and total costs. RESULTS. The findings suggest that the total cost of breast cancer is 3.6 times higher with the screening mammography …
Workgroup Iv: Public Education. Uicc International Workshop On Facilitating Screening For Colorectal Cancer, Oslo, Norway 2002, R Hiatt, J Wardle, S Vernon, J Austoker, L Bistanti, S Fox, R Gnauck, Donald Iverson
Workgroup Iv: Public Education. Uicc International Workshop On Facilitating Screening For Colorectal Cancer, Oslo, Norway 2002, R Hiatt, J Wardle, S Vernon, J Austoker, L Bistanti, S Fox, R Gnauck, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
The Workgroup on public education was brought together to formulate an international perspective on public education for the important public health challenge of increasing colorectal cancer screening. The focus of the group did not include professional education, which is an important channel for public education, since another Workgroup covered that topic. The results of the Workgroup represent an expression of expert opinion and did not include a comprehensive review of the literature. However, the recommendations for further research may stimulate a more in-depth examination of the literature in some areas and generate ideas for investigation.
A Link Between Chronic Sleep Restriction And Obesity: Methodological Considerations, Christopher Magee, Donald Iverson, Xu-Feng Huang, Peter Caputi
A Link Between Chronic Sleep Restriction And Obesity: Methodological Considerations, Christopher Magee, Donald Iverson, Xu-Feng Huang, Peter Caputi
Don C. Iverson
Emerging evidence suggests that chronicsleeprestriction contributes to obesity. Targeting short sleep duration may therefore offer a novel and effective method of preventing and treating obesity. However, this area of research is only in its infancy, and a complete understanding of how chronicsleeprestriction and obesity are linked is currently lacking. The aim of this paper is to briefly review epidemiological evidence for an association between chronicsleeprestriction and obesity in adults, and outline the key methodological limitations of these studies. Particular attention is paid to the methods used to measure sleep and obesity, as well as the need to control for potential …
Involving Providers And Patients In Cancer Control And Prevention Efforts. Barriers To Overcome, Donald Iverson
Involving Providers And Patients In Cancer Control And Prevention Efforts. Barriers To Overcome, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
Although progress has been made in providing cancer prevention and control services to the population, there remain sizeable segments of the population that are either uninvolved or underinvolved with national and state efforts. One method of reaching most of the population, including those segments currently not involved or underinvolved, is through primary care clinicians. Effective, albeit imperfect, strategies to increase the involvement of primary care clinicians in cancer prevention and control are available, and there is emerging evidence that these strategies are making a difference. Unfortunately, the progress made to date is at risk of being lost because of economic …
What Australians Know And Believe About Bird Flu: Results Of A Population Telephone Survey, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson
What Australians Know And Believe About Bird Flu: Results Of A Population Telephone Survey, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
The avian influenza A (A/H5N1) virus has attracted the attention of governments and health organizations throughout the world because of its pandemic potential. Despite the emerging nature of A/H5N1, there is limited research on public knowledge and perceptions of this disease. This study is based on a computer-assisted telephone interviewing survey conducted in May 2006 to determine the Australian publics knowledge of A/H5N1, their willingness to engage in preventive behaviors, and their acceptance of potential messages for communication campaigns. Awareness and concern about bird flu is low (lower than a recent survey of U.S. residents). There appears to be widespread …
Worksite Health Promotion In Colorado, Mary Davis, Karen Rosenberg, Donald Iverson, Thomas Vernon, Jeff Bauer
Worksite Health Promotion In Colorado, Mary Davis, Karen Rosenberg, Donald Iverson, Thomas Vernon, Jeff Bauer
Don C. Iverson
No abstract provided.
Verification Of Data Reported By Practices For A Study Of Spontaneous Abortion, L Green, F Reed, R Miller, Donald Iverson
Verification Of Data Reported By Practices For A Study Of Spontaneous Abortion, L Green, F Reed, R Miller, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
Little is known about the accuracy of data reported in practice based primary care research. The Ambulatory Sentinel Practice Network (ASPN) undertook a 100% audit of 226 patients included in a study of spontaneous abortion (SAB). The audit was conducted to assess the feasibility of conducting audits in primary care research networks dispersed over large geographic areas, verify that patients met inclusion criteria, and assess the frequency of reporting errors using the medical record as a standard. Of the originally reported SABs, 24% could not be verified. The overall error rate was 4.5%, a total of 106 errors out of …
Physician Communication Skills: Results Of A Survey Of General/Family Practitioners In Newfoundland, F Ashbury, Donald Iverson, Boris Kralj
Physician Communication Skills: Results Of A Survey Of General/Family Practitioners In Newfoundland, F Ashbury, Donald Iverson, Boris Kralj
Don C. Iverson
Purpose: To describe the attitudes related to communication skills, confidence in using commnication skills, and use of communication skills during the physician-patient encounter among a population-based sample of family physicians. Procedures: A mailed survey, distributed to all family physicians and general practitioners currently practicing in Newfoundland. The questionnaire was designed to collect data in five general areas participant demographics, physician confidence in using specific communication strategies, perceived adequacy of time spent by physicians with their patients, physician use of specific communication strategies with the adult patients they saw in the prior week, and physician use of specific communication strategies during …
Feasibility Studies Of Low-Fat Diet To Prevent Or Retard Breast Cancer, P Greenwald, C Clifford, R Butrum, Donald Iverson
Feasibility Studies Of Low-Fat Diet To Prevent Or Retard Breast Cancer, P Greenwald, C Clifford, R Butrum, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
No abstract provided.
An Overview And Analysis Of The Health Style Campaign, Mary Davis, Donald Iverson
An Overview And Analysis Of The Health Style Campaign, Mary Davis, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
In 1981, the Office of Health Information and Health Promotion of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services launched a national health promotion media campaign titled Health Style. The purposes of the Health Style campaign were: (1) to increase public awareness of the effects of life-style on health; (2) to enable persons to assess which life-style changes would be most conducive to their health; (3) to stimulate information-seeking behavior and; (4) to foster the development of local health promotion activities and referral networks. The campaign was implemented in nine test communities across the United States. This article: (1) provides …
Toddler Milk Advertising In Australia: Infant Formula Advertising In Disguise?, Nina Berry, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson
Toddler Milk Advertising In Australia: Infant Formula Advertising In Disguise?, Nina Berry, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
The Marketing in Australia of Infant Formula: Manufacturers' and Importers' Agreement prevents manufacturers and importers from advertising infant formula. However, toddler milks, which share brand identities with infant formula, are advertised freely; and recent research suggests consumers fail to distinguish between advertising for infant formula and for toddler milk. This study examined whether Australian parents recalled having seen advertisements for 'formula'. Most respondents (66.8%) reported seeing an advertisement for infant formula, with those who had only seen non-retail advertising more than twice as likely to believe that they had seen such an advertisement as those who had only seen retail …
Preventing Hiv Infection Among Adolescents: Evaluation Of A School-Based Education Program, D Main, Donald Iverson, J Mcgloin, S Banspach, J Collins, D Rugg, Lloyd Kolbe
Preventing Hiv Infection Among Adolescents: Evaluation Of A School-Based Education Program, D Main, Donald Iverson, J Mcgloin, S Banspach, J Collins, D Rugg, Lloyd Kolbe
Don C. Iverson
Background. This article reports the results of the impact of aschool-based HIV prevention intervention on students′ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to HIV infection. Methods. Seventeen schools within six Colorado school districts were assigned to either intervention or comparison conditions. Students in 10 schools received a 15-session, skills-based HIV prevention curriculum implemented by trained teachers. A total of 2,844 students completed at least one survey during the study period; surveys were matched using demographic questions, yielding a cohort of 979 students who had baseline and 6-month follow-up data. Results. Intervention students exhibited greater knowledge about HIV and greater intent to …
Spontaneous Abortion In Primary Care: A Report From Aspn, L Green, L Becker, W Freeman, E Elliott, Donald Iverson, F Reed
Spontaneous Abortion In Primary Care: A Report From Aspn, L Green, L Becker, W Freeman, E Elliott, Donald Iverson, F Reed
Don C. Iverson
The Ambulatory Sentinel Practice Network (ASPN) conducted an observational study of usual primary care of spontaneous abortion (SAB). Forty-nine practices in 18 states and four Canadian provinces reported and audited 171 SABs. Contrary to recommendations in some texts, 40 percent were managed completely in the office and/or at home, and only 51 percent had a dilation and curettage (D&C). SABs occurring later in pregnancy were more likely to be managed in the emergency room/hospital, receive consultation, and have a D&C. Patients managed with D&C had a greater frequency of excessive blood loss at diagnosis, but otherwise they did not differ …
Implementing Comprehensive Health Education: Educational Innovations And Social Change, Lloyd Kolbe, Donald Iverson
Implementing Comprehensive Health Education: Educational Innovations And Social Change, Lloyd Kolbe, Donald Iverson
Don C. Iverson
The effectiveness of health education is ultimately determined by whether it is implemented, and how it is implemented. Although a given health education innovation may be designed and experimentally assessed to promote well-being with some measure of effectiveness and efficiency, the actual impact of the innovation will depend upon the manner in which it is disseminated, initiated, and maintained. The implementation of health education programs in schools or elsewhere is a function of the types of innovations available, certain characteristics of those innovations that influence their use, and the manner in which the innovations are brought into practice. This paper …