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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Evolution Of Population Census Undertakings In China, 1953–2010, Xiaogang Wu, Guangye He
The Evolution Of Population Census Undertakings In China, 1953–2010, Xiaogang Wu, Guangye He
Xiaogang Wu
No abstract provided.
Towards A Professional Sociology On China, Xiaogang Wu
Towards A Professional Sociology On China, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
This article identifies two internal tensions that Chinese sociology has constantly encountered since the discipline was reestablished in 1979: public versus professional and indigenization versus internationalization. I argue that professionalization is a necessary and crucial step to achieving unity in the study of social changes in contemporary China and to contributing to general knowledge in the discipline of sociology.
The Growth Of Chinese Professionals: A New Middle Class In The Making, Xiaogang Wu, Zhuoni Zhang
The Growth Of Chinese Professionals: A New Middle Class In The Making, Xiaogang Wu, Zhuoni Zhang
Xiaogang Wu
This chapter describes the growth of professional workers in the context of the expanding higher education system and the improving economic structure in China, especially since the late 1990s. Based on the analyses of data from the census/mini-census supplemented by the 2010 Chinese General Social Survey, the chapter illustrates the demographic profiles, socioeconomic positions, and political orientations and participation of Chinese professionals and compares them with managers, as the two groups form a major part of the emerging new middle classes in China.
Fertility Decline And Women’S Empowerment In China, Xiaogang Wu, Hua Ye, Guangye He
Fertility Decline And Women’S Empowerment In China, Xiaogang Wu, Hua Ye, Guangye He
Xiaogang Wu
The literature typically treats fertility reduction in developing countries as a result of women’s status improvement, based on the assumption that women have greater decision-making power on childbearing as their status improves. This article investigates whether and how fertility decline leads to reduction in gender inequality and the improvement of women’s status in China, where the fertility decline was mainly the result of state policy intervention. Based on the analyses of data from two nationally representative surveys, we show that women with fewer children do less housework and are more satisfied with their status within family. Such effects are more …
Ethnic Stratification Amid China’S Economic Transition: Evidence From The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xiaogang Wu, Xi Song
Ethnic Stratification Amid China’S Economic Transition: Evidence From The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xiaogang Wu, Xi Song
Xiaogang Wu
This paper analyzes a sample from the 2005 mini-census of Xinjiang to examine ethnic stratification in China’s labor markets, with a special focus on how ethnic earnings inequality varies by employment sector. We show that Han and Uyghur Chinese dominated different economic sectors. Excluding those in agriculture, Uyghurs were more likely to work in government or institutions than either Han locals or migrants, and also more likely to become self-employed. The Han–Uyghur earnings gap was negligible within government/public institutions, but increased with the marketization of the employment sector. It was the largest among the self-employed, followed by employees in private …
户口、职业隔离与中国城镇的收入不平等, Xiaogang Wu, Zhuoni Zhang
户口、职业隔离与中国城镇的收入不平等, Xiaogang Wu, Zhuoni Zhang
Xiaogang Wu
基于中国2005年1%人口抽样调查大样本数据，比较同工不同酬问题和职业隔离等制度性障碍在导致农民工与城镇工人间的收入不平等中所起的作用。结果表明，人们通常观察到的农民工收入低于城镇当地工人的现象主要可归因于以户口为基础的职业隔离，而非同工不同酬的劳动力市场中的直接歧视。城乡地区间不平衡的机会结构，尤其是教育机会的巨大不平等，是导致农民工与本地城镇工人职业隔离的重要原因。利用倾向评分匹配法把农民工与具有相似背景的城镇工人进行比较，发现在党政机关/事业单位类型内的农民工收入比城镇工人低；在国有/集体企业和私有部门内，农民工的收入比相应的城镇工人的收入反而更高。这说明，要改善农民工在城镇的经济社会地位，在改善城乡间教育机会失衡的状况同时，还要消除针对农民工的职业准入障碍，保证劳动力市场中的机会均等。
Redrawing The Boundary: Work Units And Social Stratification In Urban China, Xiaogang Wu
Redrawing The Boundary: Work Units And Social Stratification In Urban China, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
While work units continue to play an important role in shaping employees’ economic rewards in urban China, the way organizational affiliations affect social stratification has undergone a subtle transformation and the distinctive boundaries among work units have been redrawn. Analysis of the data from the Chinese General Social Survey (2005) shows that the boundaries exist mainly between government agencies/public institutions and enterprises: workers in the former sector enjoyed significantly higher income as well as more fringe benefits than their counterparts in the latter sector. Analyses using propensity score matching methods further identify the existence of organizational premiums (structural effect) on …
户口,‘农转非’与中国城市居民的收入不平等, Bingdao Zheng, Xiaogang Wu
户口,‘农转非’与中国城市居民的收入不平等, Bingdao Zheng, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
导致城乡分割的户口制度对理解当代中国社会的分层和流动有着重要的作用。以往的研究要么关注从农业户口转为非农户口的选择性过程对社会分层的影响，要么关注那些没有转户口的农民工在城市的经济境遇与社会融合。本文将中国快速城市化过程中就地产生的大量“农转非”的城市居民纳入研究视野,利用中国综合社会调查数据（2003、2006、2008），考察非农户口对收入的影响效应。研究发现，户口转换所带来的收入优势仅限于通过高度选择性渠道实现“农转非”的群体。倾向分值匹配方法的分析更进一步显示，户口转换带来的收入效应仅限于在国有部门内教育程度和职业地位较高的群体。这些结果共同展示了户口身份对收入影响式微的过程，在市场部门内则尤其如是。我们的发现有助于理解流动过程与分层结果的理论关系，对中国城市化过程中的户籍制度改革亦具有政策启示意义。
走向开源的社会学：定量分析中的复制性研究, Yunsong Chen, Xiaogang Wu
Social Change, Cohort Quality, And Economic Adaptation Of Chinese Immigrants In Hong Kong, 1991-2006, Zhuoni Zhang, Xiaogang Wu
Social Change, Cohort Quality, And Economic Adaptation Of Chinese Immigrants In Hong Kong, 1991-2006, Zhuoni Zhang, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
This paper analyzes a series of population census and by-census data from 1991 to 2006 to examine the economic adaptation of Chinese immigrants in Hong Kong, focusing on their employment, occupational and earnings attainments. We pay particular attention to the adaptation of immigrants over time, and the effect of changes in the (overall) quality of the immigration cohort as a result of the immigration policy shift after Hong Kong’s reunification with China in 1997. Results show that at the time of entry, mainland immigrants were less likely to be employed, more likely to be trapped in elementary occupations, and earned …
The Household Registration System And Rural-Urban Educational Inequality In China, Xiaogang Wu
The Household Registration System And Rural-Urban Educational Inequality In China, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
This paper examines the effect of the household registration (hukou) system, based on which Chinese citizens were designated as either rural or urban status and entitled to different life chances, on educational inequality in contemporary China. Analyses of data from a national representative survey in 2005 consistently reveal a significant educational gap between people of different hukou status, even after controlling for other covariates. Furthermore, to rule out the selectivity effect of hukou assignment based on education, endogenous switching regression models are employed to demonstrate a causal impact of hukou status on educational attainment. The paper thus calls for attention …
生育率下降与中国男女 教育的平等化趋势, Hua Ye, Xiaogang Wu
生育率下降与中国男女 教育的平等化趋势, Hua Ye, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
1970 年以来，中国的生育率持续下降，在家庭层面上表现为兄弟姐妹数的减少，同时也影响了兄弟姐妹的构成，进而影响家庭对子女教育的投资以及性别间的教育差异。对2006 年综合社会调查数据的分析表明，兄弟姐妹越多，女性的受教育年数相对男性越低，尤其是在她们有兄弟的情况下。在中国，随着生育率的下降，年轻一代的性别间教育不平等相对老一代降低了。本研究显示，性别间教育不平等不仅受到国家促进男女平等政策的影响，还受到计划生育政策的影响。
Introduction: Culture, Institution, And Social Stratification: Towards A Comparative Study Of Chinese Societies, Xiaogang Wu
Introduction: Culture, Institution, And Social Stratification: Towards A Comparative Study Of Chinese Societies, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
No abstract provided.
The Transformation Of The Chinese Class Structure, 1978-2005, Thung-Hong Lin, Xiaogang Wu
The Transformation Of The Chinese Class Structure, 1978-2005, Thung-Hong Lin, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
This article investigates the transformation of the Chinese class structure and class inequality since economic reforms. Drawing from neo-Marxian class theory, we develop a Chinese class schema based on the unique socialist institutions, such as the household registration system (hukou), the work unit (danwei), and the cadre-worker distinction, which are associated with the ownership of different types of productive assets. Using data from several national representative surveys from 1988 to 2005, we show the expansion of new capitalist classes and the declines in the numbers of both peasants and state workers, and we find that the class structure has shifted …
Household Registration, Social Exclusion, And Rural Migrants In Chinese Cities, Xiaogang Wu
Household Registration, Social Exclusion, And Rural Migrants In Chinese Cities, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
No abstract provided.
Family Resources And Educational Stratification: The Case Of Hong Kong, 1981-2001, Xiaogang Wu
Family Resources And Educational Stratification: The Case Of Hong Kong, 1981-2001, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
No abstract provided.
Family Businesses In China (1978-1996): Entry And Performance, Xiaogang Wu
Family Businesses In China (1978-1996): Entry And Performance, Xiaogang Wu
Xiaogang Wu
No abstract provided.