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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 26 of 26
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Successful And Abandoned Sourceforge.Net Projects In The Initiation Stage, Charles Schweik
Successful And Abandoned Sourceforge.Net Projects In The Initiation Stage, Charles Schweik
National Center for Digital Government
[first paragraph] Chapter 6 provided an open source project success and abandonment dependent variable. Chapter 7 described data available in the Sourceforge.net repository and linked these data to various independent variable concepts and hypotheses presented in the theoretical part of this book. Chapter 7 also described the Classification Tree and Random Forest statistical approaches we use in this and the following chapter. This chapter presents the results of the Classification Tree analysis for successful and abandoned projects in the Initiation Stage, which in Chapter 3 (Figure 3.2), we defined as the period before and up to the time when a …
The Dependent Variable: Defining Open Source "Success" And "Abandonment" Using Sourceforge.Net Data, Charles Schweik
The Dependent Variable: Defining Open Source "Success" And "Abandonment" Using Sourceforge.Net Data, Charles Schweik
National Center for Digital Government
[first paragraph] From the very beginning of this research project, we understood that we needed to define what success meant in open source so that we could use that definition to create a dependent variable for our empirical studies. Does success mean a project has developed high quality software, or does it mean that the software is widely used? How might extremely valuable software that is used by only a few people, such as software for charting parts of the human genome, fit into this definition? In this chapter, we establish a robust success and abandonment measure that satisfies these …
Case Study: Recruitment Of Egg Donors By South Korean Stem Cell Researchers, Mj Peterson, Osman Kiratli, Ilke Ercan
Case Study: Recruitment Of Egg Donors By South Korean Stem Cell Researchers, Mj Peterson, Osman Kiratli, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case study examines the controversy surrounding Dr. Hwang Woo-suk's recruitment of egg donors for his team's stem cell research from 2002 through 2005. It explores the international dimensions of ethical standards, the political decentralization of global regulation, and the internationalization of science.
Four Billion Little Brothers?: Privacy, Mobile Phones, And Ubiquitous Data Collection, Katie Shilton
Four Billion Little Brothers?: Privacy, Mobile Phones, And Ubiquitous Data Collection, Katie Shilton
Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse
No abstract provided.
Web 2.0 In The Process Of E-Participation: The Case Of Organizing For America And The Obama Administration, Aysu Kes-Erkul, R. Erdem Erkul
Web 2.0 In The Process Of E-Participation: The Case Of Organizing For America And The Obama Administration, Aysu Kes-Erkul, R. Erdem Erkul
National Center for Digital Government
The presidential campaign of Barack Obama during the 2008 elections sparked new discussion about the public engagement issue in the political processes. The campaign used Web 2.0 tools intensively to reach the general public and seek support and collect feedback from voters. In this paper, we analyze the major website of this project, “Organizing for America” (OFA) from the perspective of e-participation, which is a concept that include all the processes of public involvement via information and communication technologies.
Designing The Personal Data Stream: Enabling Participatory Privacy In Mobile Personal Sensing, Katie Shilton, Jeffrey A. Burke, Deborah Estrin, Ramesh Govindan, Mark Hansen, Jerry Kang, Min Mun
Designing The Personal Data Stream: Enabling Participatory Privacy In Mobile Personal Sensing, Katie Shilton, Jeffrey A. Burke, Deborah Estrin, Ramesh Govindan, Mark Hansen, Jerry Kang, Min Mun
Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse
For decades, the Codes of Fair Information Practice have served as a model for data privacy, protecting personal information collected by governments and corporations. But professional data management standards such as the Codes of Fair Information Practice do not take into account a world of distributed data collection, nor the realities of data mining and easy, almost uncontrolled, dissemination. Emerging models of information gathering create an environment where recording devices, deployed by individuals rather than organizations, disrupt expected flows of information in both public and private spaces. We suggest expanding the Codes of Fair Information Practice to protect privacy in …
Information & Communication Technologies And Digital Government: The Turkish Case, Turhan Mentes
Information & Communication Technologies And Digital Government: The Turkish Case, Turhan Mentes
National Center for Digital Government
The technological innovations of the last decades have opened the doors to a new and different world for businesses and governments. As access to the Internet penetrates more populations each day, ICTs continue to shape societies all over the world. This presentation will explore the development of ICTs and e-government in Turkey. It will include significant figures and statistics about e-government in Turkey and discuss the social consequences of such developments.
Module 2.4: Social Inclusion & Equity, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.4: Social Inclusion & Equity, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Transnational scientific and engineering activity has effects on social equity. This module will examine international-level mechanisms for raising social equity concerns including global multilateral organizations, regional multilateral organizations, transnational policy advocacy, transnational social mobilizations, and elite interchange.
Module 2.3b: Stakeholder Inclusion, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.3b: Stakeholder Inclusion, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The social context of science and engineering includes many actors. This module will define and identify stakeholders in various contexts and explain a model of social mobilization.
Module 2.1: Variation In International Regulatory Processes, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.1: Variation In International Regulatory Processes, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The essence of international ethics is that variation exists among regulatory processes. This module will examine variation in multilateral intergovernmental organizations such as United Nations Conferences, United Nations specialized agencies, regional conferences or commissions, and other international bodies including private industry standards-setting bodies.
Module 2.2: Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Processes, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.2: Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Processes, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Scientists and engineers participate in international regulatory processes in a variety of ways. This module seeks to better define participation, particularly responsible participation, by delineating several categories of participation: epistemic communities, professional associations, scientists as citizen-advocates, scientists as employees of private organizations, and scientists as government officials. It will also examine the various channels of influence open to each type of participation.
Diagrams: Networks And Organizations, M.J. Peterson
Diagrams: Networks And Organizations, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Diagrams representing typical bureaucratic organizations, networks, and communication hubs.
International Forums For Addressing Social Inclusion And Social Equity Issues, M.J. Peterson
International Forums For Addressing Social Inclusion And Social Equity Issues, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Global intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations (UN), World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO), have been some of the primary forums for discussion of social inclusion at the global level since 1945. There are regional intergovernmental organizations however, such as the European Union (EU), African Union (AU), and other elite forums that also address social issues depending on what the governments of member states wish to discuss.
Cultural Competence In A Transnational Workplace, M.J. Peterson
Cultural Competence In A Transnational Workplace, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Many considerations, sensitivities, and cross-cultural awareness contribute to creating a successful transnational workplace. Developing the ability to negotiate with individuals of other cultures requires an understanding of which methods are acceptable or unacceptable to a particular culture.
Efforts To Control Information Flows, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
Efforts To Control Information Flows, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Since the mid-20th century, the importance of intellectual property rights have become a major avenue for governments, corporations, and other groups to control and limit the diffusion of scientific and technical information. Some of these limits are efforts to regulate who has what information through general censorship.
Hints On Cross Cultural Skills, M.J. Peterson
Hints On Cross Cultural Skills, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This document outlines suggestions on dealing with cultural differences among collaborators drawn from business literature. Different authors present different schemes, but there is broad consensus on three elements of effective cross-cultural interaction.
The Concepts Of Social Inclusion And Social Equity, M.J. Peterson
The Concepts Of Social Inclusion And Social Equity, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The rapid growth in transnational professional activity has encouraged Intergovernmental Organizations (IGO), and other international professional associations to develop cross-national regulations and standards to promote worldwide policy coordination and standardization.
Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Process, M.J. Peterson
Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Process, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Conditions of globalization and increasing prominence of scientific and technical matters in everyday life has created a need for scientists and engineers to participate in national and international debates about solving problems, applying technologies to particular purposes, and avoiding or minimizing serious harm. Policy-makers and others concerned with particular issues seek various types of expert advice depending on how well the issue is understood, and how urgent addressing it appears to be.
Stakeholders, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
Stakeholders, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Two distinct concepts of "stakeholder" have developed in recent decades. The first existing in politics to describe anyone affected by a decision occurring within the domains of a ruling government, and the second being used in business management manuals, where it applies to the relationship between a business firm and an individual or group, interested in the firm's success.
Participatory Sensing: A Citizen-Powered Approach To Illuminating The Patterns That Shape Our World, Jeffrey Goldman, Katie Shilton, Jeffrey A. Burke, Deborah Estrin, Mark Hansen, Nithya Ramanathan, Sasank Reddy, Vids Samanta, Mani Srivastava, Ruth West
Participatory Sensing: A Citizen-Powered Approach To Illuminating The Patterns That Shape Our World, Jeffrey Goldman, Katie Shilton, Jeffrey A. Burke, Deborah Estrin, Mark Hansen, Nithya Ramanathan, Sasank Reddy, Vids Samanta, Mani Srivastava, Ruth West
Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse
No abstract provided.
Case Study: Bhopal Plant Disaster, M.J. Peterson
Case Study: Bhopal Plant Disaster, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The Bhopal case is an in-depth study of the industrial accident at the Union Carbide factory in India that immediately killed 2,000 people, injured another 200,000 to 300,000 more, and immediately raised questions about plant safety and corporate responsibility around the world. Includes seven detailed appendices: A.) Chronology, B.) Stakeholders and Level of Responsibility, C.) Economic/industrial climate of India, D.) Union Carbide Corporation, E.) Issues in Chemical Processing, F.) Assessing Responsibility: The Legal/Regulatory System, G.) Assessing Responsibility: The Engineers and Scientists, and H.) Technical Expertise and Managerial Responsibility.
A Photovoice Participatory Evaluation Of A School Gardening Program Through The Eyes Of Fifth Graders, Catherine Sands, Krista Harper, Lee Ellen Reed, Maggie Shar
A Photovoice Participatory Evaluation Of A School Gardening Program Through The Eyes Of Fifth Graders, Catherine Sands, Krista Harper, Lee Ellen Reed, Maggie Shar
Anthropology Department Faculty Publication Series
In the springtime, fifth grade students at the Williamsburg Elementary School in rural Western Massachusetts ask to snack on sorrel and chives from the school garden, between planting potatoes and building a shade structure for their outdoor classroom. They are members of the first cohort of the curriculum-integrated program initiated by Fertile Ground, a grassroots organization in western Massachusetts. The children’s delight in the fresh greens they have grown marks a national phenomenon: the farm-to-school movement. With limited resources, parents, teachers, students, administrators, and community activists are developing inroads to better school food and food education, by constructing school teaching …
The Open Source Software Ecosystem, Charles M. Schweik
The Open Source Software Ecosystem, Charles M. Schweik
National Center for Digital Government
[first paragraph] Open source research in the late 1990s and early 2000's described open source development projects as all-volunteer endeavors without the existence of monetary incentives (Chakravarty, Haruvy and Wu, 2007), and relatively recent empirical studies (Ghosh, 2005; Wolf {{243}}) confirm that a sizable percentage of open source developers are indeed volunteers.1 Open source development projects involving more than one developer were seen to follow a “hacker ethic” (Himanen, 2000; von Hippel and von Krogh, 2003) where individuals freely give away and exchange software they had written so that it could be modified and built upon, with an expectation of …
A Photovoice Participatory Evaluation Of A School Gardening Program Through The Eyes Of Fifth Graders, Catherine Sands, Krista Harper, Lee Ellen Reed, Maggie Shar
A Photovoice Participatory Evaluation Of A School Gardening Program Through The Eyes Of Fifth Graders, Catherine Sands, Krista Harper, Lee Ellen Reed, Maggie Shar
Krista M. Harper
In the springtime, fifth grade students at the Williamsburg Elementary School in rural Western Massachusetts ask to snack on sorrel and chives from the school garden, between planting potatoes and building a shade structure for their outdoor classroom. They are members of the first cohort of the curriculum-integrated program initiated by Fertile Ground, a grassroots organization in western Massachusetts. The children’s delight in the fresh greens they have grown marks a national phenomenon: the farm-to-school movement. With limited resources, parents, teachers, students, administrators, and community activists are developing inroads to better school food and food education, by constructing school teaching …
Module 1.3.B: Transnational Conduct, Mj Peterson
Module 1.3.B: Transnational Conduct, Mj Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Effective participation in cross-border scientific cooperation requires sensitivity to the implications of differences in national ethics and standards. It will investigate the problems associated with political censorship and corporate efforts to control access to basic science information.
Transnational Differences In Ethical And Regulatory Standards, M.J. Peterson
Transnational Differences In Ethical And Regulatory Standards, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This manuscript identifies key ways in which regulatory responses can differ across national boundaries. Some of these differences stem from variations in the perceived acceptability of an activity in different cultures. Others stem from different approaches to the common problem of identifying and regulating hazardous activity. Yet, others stem from differences in reaction to scientific or technological breakthroughs.