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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Women's Inheritance Rights And Intergenerational Transmission Of Resources In India, Klaus Deininger, Aparajita Goyal, Hari Nagarajan
Women's Inheritance Rights And Intergenerational Transmission Of Resources In India, Klaus Deininger, Aparajita Goyal, Hari Nagarajan
Aparajita Goyal
We use inheritance patterns over three generations of individuals to assess the impact of changes in the Hindu Succession Act that grant daughters equal coparcenary birth rights in joint family property that were denied to daughters in the past. We show that the amendment significantly increased daughters’ likelihood to inherit land, but that even after the amendment, substantial bias persists. Our results also indicate a robust increase in educational attainment of daughters, suggesting an alternative channel of wealth transfer.
The Influence Of Parental Aspirations, Attitudes, And Engagement On Children's Very Low Food Security, Elizabeth T. Powers
The Influence Of Parental Aspirations, Attitudes, And Engagement On Children's Very Low Food Security, Elizabeth T. Powers
Elizabeth T Powers
Survey of Income and Program Participation data are used to investigate the relationship between parenting and children’s very low food security. Parenting is characterized along five domains (emotional outlook, support, education desires, activities with the child excluding meals, and television viewing rules). Food security definitions are obtained from questions in a special SIPP module that are based on the USDA’s core food security module. Graphical evidence indicates that parenting patterns differ distinctly for households experiencing various levels of food insecurity. Descriptive regression evidence suggests that some of the parenting attributes are significantly associated with children’s food insecurity, even controlling for …
Voice Without Say: Why Capital-Managed Firms Aren’T (Genuinely) Participatory, Justin Schwartz
Voice Without Say: Why Capital-Managed Firms Aren’T (Genuinely) Participatory, Justin Schwartz
Justin Schwartz
Why are most capitalist enterprises of any size organized as authoritarian bureaucracies rather than incorporating genuine employee participation that would give the workers real authority? Even firms with employee participation programs leave virtually all decision-making power in the hands of management. The standard answer is that hierarchy is more economically efficient than any sort of genuine participation, so that participatory firms would be less productive and lose out to more traditional competitors. This answer is indefensible. After surveying the history, legal status, and varieties of employee participation, I examine and reject as question-begging the argument that the rarity of genuine …
Local Responses To Federal Grants: Evidence From The Introduction Of Title I In The South, Elizabeth Cascio, Nora Gordon, Sarah Reber
Local Responses To Federal Grants: Evidence From The Introduction Of Title I In The South, Elizabeth Cascio, Nora Gordon, Sarah Reber
Nora Gordon
We analyze the effects of the introduction of Title I of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act, a large federal grants program designed to increase poor students’ educational services and achievement. We focus on the South, the poorest region of the country. Title I increased school spending by 50 cents on the dollar in the average Southern school district and by more in districts with less ability to offset grants through local tax reductions. Title I induced increases in school budgets appear to have reduced high school dropout rates of whites, but not blacks.
Global Cities Are Coastal Cities Too: Paradox In Sustainability?, Herman L. Boschken
Global Cities Are Coastal Cities Too: Paradox In Sustainability?, Herman L. Boschken
Herman L. Boschken
Worldwide, most global cities are located in coastal zones, but a paradox of sustainability is especially striking for American global cities. This article examines such paradox drawn between globalization-induced development and coastal ecosystems. It focuses on two developmental components found principally in global cities: (1) the agglomeration of foreign waterborne commerce and global business services and (2) the accelerated activity and mobility habits of a global professional class. Despite formidable gaps in research, some anecdotal evidence suggests unique hazards exist for the coastal ecology as globalization pressures expand a global city’s urban footprint.
The Changing Paths Of The Child Care Policy And Welfare Regimes: A Comparison Among Sweden, Germany And United States, Chih-Lung Huang
The Changing Paths Of The Child Care Policy And Welfare Regimes: A Comparison Among Sweden, Germany And United States, Chih-Lung Huang
Chih-lung Huang
With the economic globalization, the transformation of post industrialized, and the change of employment pattern, the women’s labor participation is still rising. This phenomenon not only affected the breadwinner model which were shaped by the welfare regime, but also caused the consequence of baby bust and ageing population. This article will explore the changing paths of welfare regimes which includes the social democracy-Sweden, the conservatism-Germany, and the liberal- the U.S.A. We try to clarify the effect of reform ideas for the changing paths of breadwinner model behind the welfare regimes, and the policy implications for the work and life balance.
Technology And Privacy (Editorial), Michael Friedewald, Ronald J. Pohoryles
Technology And Privacy (Editorial), Michael Friedewald, Ronald J. Pohoryles
Michael Friedewald
No abstract provided.
Reconciling Privacy And Security, Marc Van Lieshout, Michael Friedewald, David Wright, Serge Gutwirth
Reconciling Privacy And Security, Marc Van Lieshout, Michael Friedewald, David Wright, Serge Gutwirth
Michael Friedewald
This paper considers the relationship between privacy and security and, in particular, the traditional ‘‘trade-off’’ paradigm. The issue is this: how, in a democracy, can one reconcile the trend towards increasing security (for example, as manifested by increasing surveillance) with the fundamental right of privacy? Our political masters justify their intrusions upon our privacy with proclamations of the need to protect the citizenry against further terrorist attacks like those that have already marred the early twenty-first century. The surveillance industry has been quick to exploit this new market opportunity, supported as it is by inexorable technological ‘‘progress’’ in devising new …
Transición Democrática Generadora De Gobernabilidad 3, Raúl Manuel Flores Rodriguez
Transición Democrática Generadora De Gobernabilidad 3, Raúl Manuel Flores Rodriguez
Raúl Flores Rodriguez
No abstract provided.
General Elections - Voting On Single Day And In Single Phase, Vijaya Krushna Varma Mr
General Elections - Voting On Single Day And In Single Phase, Vijaya Krushna Varma Mr
VIJAYA KRUSHNA VARMA Mr
The expanded banking system will help the Election Commission conduct voting for general elections on single day and in single phase. All elections from panchayats to Parliament can be conducted with the help of expanded banking system with minimum cost and without rigging and impersonate voting
Can We Actually Calculate The Social Cost Of Carbon?, Kyle Mckay
Can We Actually Calculate The Social Cost Of Carbon?, Kyle Mckay
Kyle McKay
Social cost of carbon calculations poorly integrate the risk of worse-case scenarios and their impact on social equity, primarily due to the fundamental limitations of cost-benefit analysis. Continued use of the social cost of carbon is preferable to policy that assumes no social cost to carbon emissions, but risks overconfidence in modeling and political clashes around insufficiently important regulatory changes that could impair necessary larger scale policy changes.
Evaluating Social Impact Bonds As A New Reentry Financing Mechanism: A Case Study On Reentry Programming In Maryland, Kyle Mckay
Kyle McKay
Maryland Department of Legislative Services evaluation of the benefits, risks, costs, and feasibility of using social impact bonds as a financing mechanism for reentry programs in Maryland.
Innovations In Citizen-State Interaction In Vanuatu: Grassroots Approaches To Maintaining Bio-Cultural Diversity, Thomas Dick, Cherise Addinsall
Innovations In Citizen-State Interaction In Vanuatu: Grassroots Approaches To Maintaining Bio-Cultural Diversity, Thomas Dick, Cherise Addinsall
Thomas Dick
Many countries in the South Pacific are currently failing to adequately address issues in regards to bio-cultural diversity, which is leading to escalating environmental and health problems for Pacific Islanders (Morrison & Munro, 1999). These issues have the potential to undermine the Pacific way of life, which requires healthy ecosystems and continued access to natural resources for livelihoods and cultural enrichment (SPREP, 2011). The disposal of waste in small island developing states is limited due to small land areas, shallow water tables and population pressures. The consequences from insufficient waste management can consist not only of obvious aesthetic problems but …
Critical Thinking About Political Problems, Robert Hoppe, Margarita Jeliazkova
Critical Thinking About Political Problems, Robert Hoppe, Margarita Jeliazkova
Robert Hoppe
No abstract provided.
High School Graduation In The Context Of Changing Elementary And Secondary Education Policy And Income Inequality: The Last Half Century, Nora Gordon
Nora Gordon
Goldin and Katz (2008) document the key role that the educational attainment of native-born workers in the U.S. has played in determining changing returns to skill and income distribution in the twentieth century, emphasizing the need to understand the forces driving the supply of educated workers. This paper examines stagnation in high school graduation rates from about 1970 to 2000, alongside dramatic changes in elementary and secondary educational institutions and income inequality over those years. I review the policy history of major changes in educational institutions, including but not limited to the massive increase in school spending, and related literature. …
Q-Ing For Health – A New Approach To Eliciting The Public’S Views On Health Care Resource Allocation, Rachel M. Baker, John Wildman, Helen Mason, Cam Donaldson
Q-Ing For Health – A New Approach To Eliciting The Public’S Views On Health Care Resource Allocation, Rachel M. Baker, John Wildman, Helen Mason, Cam Donaldson
Professor Rachel Baker
The elicitation of societal views about health care priority setting is an important, contemporary research area and there are a number of studies which apply either qualitative techniques or quantitative preference elicitation methods. However there are methodological challenges in connecting qualitative information (what perspectives exist about a subject) with quantitative questions (to what extent are those perspectives ‘supported’ in a wider population). In this paper we present an integrated, mixed-methods approach to the elicitation of public perspectives in two, linked studies applying Q methodology. In the first study we identify three broad viewpoints on the subject of health priorities. In …
Two Cheers For The Fcc's Mobility Fund Reverse Auction, Scott J. Wallsten
Two Cheers For The Fcc's Mobility Fund Reverse Auction, Scott J. Wallsten
Scott J. Wallsten
The United States held its first competitive bidding, or “reverse auction,” for universal service subsidies in September 2012. While it is far too early to investigate whether this national auction generated improvements in mobile voice and broadband service in underserved areas, it is not too soon to evaluate the auction itself. This paper investigates the outcome of the Mobility Fund Phase 1 Auction (Auction 901) and considers what we could learn from it for universal service and for future planned reverse auctions, such as the upcoming incentive auction, which aims to reallocate spectrum from broadcasters to those who place a …
Pro-Poor Nanotechnology Applications For Water: Characterizing And Contextualizing Private Sector Research And Development, Matthew Harsh, Thomas Woodson
Pro-Poor Nanotechnology Applications For Water: Characterizing And Contextualizing Private Sector Research And Development, Matthew Harsh, Thomas Woodson
Thomas Woodson
Nanotechnology has been proposed as a possible solution to the dire problems caused by contaminated water in impoverished communities. We characterize the global landscape of nanotechnology research and development using bibliometric and patent data to ascertain how private firms are using nanotechnology to create improved filters and other technologies that might create benefits for the ‘poor’. Research and development on nanotechnology applications for water is very international, but is occurring mostly in China, the USA and wealthy countries. Nanowater patents focus mostly on filtration systems. Other research areas like nanosensors and desalination have fewer nanowater patens which suggest that those …
Seven Types Of Privacy, Rachel L. Finn, David Wright, Michael Friedewald
Seven Types Of Privacy, Rachel L. Finn, David Wright, Michael Friedewald
Michael Friedewald
No abstract provided.
A Re-Analysis Of The Effects Of Teacher Replacement Using Value-Added Modeling, Stuart S. Yeh
A Re-Analysis Of The Effects Of Teacher Replacement Using Value-Added Modeling, Stuart S. Yeh
Stuart S Yeh
In principle, value-added modeling (VAM) might be justified if it can be shown to be a more reliable indicator of teacher quality than existing indicators for existing low-stakes decisions that are already being made, such as the award of small merit bonuses. However, a growing number of researchers now advocate the use of VAM to identify and replace large numbers of low performing teachers. There is a need to evaluate these proposals because the active termination of large numbers of teachers based on VAM requires a much higher standard of reliability and validity. Furthermore, those proposals must be evaluated to …