Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration

University of Montana

Series

Articles 1 - 30 of 308

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Importance Of Traveler Spending On Locally Produced Goods And Services, Kara Grau, Norma P. Nickerson Feb 2016

The Importance Of Traveler Spending On Locally Produced Goods And Services, Kara Grau, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

While a growing tourism industry is beneficial to the state, it is important that the industry grows in a way that is sustainable and desirable to the local people. One component of sustainability is the economic contribution made to the state while at the same time benefitting the local community by reducing the leakages of money. The results of this study showed that visitors who purchased ‘made in Montana’ products, items at local farmer’s markets, and who used local guides spent $184.76 more than those visitors who did not purchase those products and services. This significant difference in spending between …

Go to article

Which Came First, People Or Pollution? A Review Of Theory And Evidence From Longitudinal Environmental Justice Studies, Paul Mohai, Robin Saha Dec 2015

Which Came First, People Or Pollution? A Review Of Theory And Evidence From Longitudinal Environmental Justice Studies, Paul Mohai, Robin Saha

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

A considerable number of quantitative analyses have been conducted in the past several decades that demonstrate the existence of racial and socioeconomic disparities in the distribution of a wide variety of environmental hazards. The vast majority of these have been cross-sectional, snapshot studies employing data on hazardous facilities and population characteristics at only one point in time. Although some limited hypotheses can be tested with cross-sectional data, fully understanding how present-day disparities come about requires longitudinal analyses that examine the demographic characteristics of sites at the time of facility siting and track demographic changes after siting. Relatively few such studies …

Go to article

Montana Dragon Boat Festival: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Oct 2014

Montana Dragon Boat Festival: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the Montana Dragon Boat Festival with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in the event area. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 Montana Dragon Boat Festival.

Go to article

An Ri Ra Montana Irish Festival: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Oct 2014

An Ri Ra Montana Irish Festival: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the An Ri Ra Montana Irish Festival with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in the event area. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 An Ri Ra Montana Irish Festival.

Go to article

Mountain Madness Airshow: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Sep 2014

Mountain Madness Airshow: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the Mountain Madness Airshow with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in the event area. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 Mountain Madness Airshow.

Go to article

Evel Knievel Days: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Aug 2014

Evel Knievel Days: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the Evel Knievel Days with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent in Butte during the event. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 Evel Knievel Days.

Go to article

Montana Folk Festival: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Aug 2014

Montana Folk Festival: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the Montana Folk Festival with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in Butte during the event. The population of interest was attendees of the 2014 Montana Folk Festival and the sample was random from that population. Surveys were given to festival goers by random selection so as to attempt to represent the whole population.

Go to article

Meanings And Robustness: Propositions For Enhancing Benefit Sharing In Social-Ecological Systems, Ernita Van Wyk, Charles Breen, Wayne A. Freimund Aug 2014

Meanings And Robustness: Propositions For Enhancing Benefit Sharing In Social-Ecological Systems, Ernita Van Wyk, Charles Breen, Wayne A. Freimund

Society and Conservation Faculty Publications

Given increased pressure on natural resources to deliver benefits, complex trade-offs and the regulation of behaviours in relation to benefits is of key concern. Behaviours that signify resistance to the rules according to which benefits are allocated prompt us to consider causal links and feedbacks between benefits, perceptions of benefits, meanings attached to the benefits, and the regulatory instruments that mediate the distribution of benefits. An understanding of how meanings influence the perception of benefits exposes the complexity inherent in how people perceive and allocate value to natural resource benefits. Meanings are personal, sometimes overlapping, context dependent and variable across …

Go to article

Sanders County Yard Sale: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Jul 2014

Sanders County Yard Sale: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the Sanders County Yard Sale with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in the area. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 Sanders County Yard Sale.

Go to article

Montana State High School Rodeo Finals: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Jul 2014

Montana State High School Rodeo Finals: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the High School Rodeo Finals with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in the area. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 Montana State High School Rodeo Finals.

Go to article

Missoula Urban Forest Interest Study 2014, Norma P. Nickerson Jul 2014

Missoula Urban Forest Interest Study 2014, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This study was conducted for the Urban Forest Division of the Missoula Parks and Recreation Department for use and guidance in the Urban Forest Master Plan. Results show that Missoulians are profoundly supportive of public trees. Residents agree that their utilitarian purposes (e.g. shade, helping decrease pollution) are of value to the community. The aesthetic purposes tend to make their neighborhoods more enjoyable and Missoula a nicer place to live. Public trees provide a quality of life that Missoula residents appreciate. The majority of Missoula residents are willing to support the removal of hazardous trees, pruning, planting, and basic maintenance …

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2012, Kara Grau Jun 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2012, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2012.

Go to article

Spartan Race Visitor Study: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz Jun 2014

Spartan Race Visitor Study: 2014, Brian Battaglia, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the organizers of the Spartan Race with an understanding of their attendees and the total money spent by those surveyed in the area. The population of interest was participants and attendees of the 2014 Spartan Race.

Go to article

Tourism And Protected Areas: A Growing Nexus Of Challenge And Opportunity, Stephen F. Mccool, Anna Spenceley Jun 2014

Tourism And Protected Areas: A Growing Nexus Of Challenge And Opportunity, Stephen F. Mccool, Anna Spenceley

Society and Conservation Faculty Publications

Three significant trends are converging with the result of increasing the importance of understanding and managing the nexus of tourism and protected areas. Firstly, international travel and tourism continues to grow significantly, resulting in more people wanting to visit, learn and appreciate their natural and cultural heritage. Secondly, international conservation efforts are increasingly dependent on protected areas serving as the cornerstone of slowing (ideally stopping) the loss of biological diversity. Thirdly, demands from society on protected areas are not only increasing, they are diversifying as well. Increased demand is, in part, the result of a growing human population that competes …

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2013, Kara Grau May 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2013.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 1, 2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 1, 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during the first quarter of 2013.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 2, 2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 2, 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during the second quarter of 2013.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 3, 2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 3, 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during the third quarter of 2013.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Visitation Trends: 2003-2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Visitation Trends: 2003-2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report displays the total number of individual nonresidents visiting Montana from 2003-2013. It also shows the total number of groups visiting Montana during the same time period.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Trends: 2003-2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Trends: 2003-2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the nonresident traveler expenditure trends for visitors of Montana from 2003-2013. It also displays the total actual expenditures and the total inflation-adjusted expenditures.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: 2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during 2013.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 4, 2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: Quarter 4, 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during the fourth quarter of 2013.

Go to article

Expenditure Comparison Of Overseas, Canadian, And Domestic Nonresident Travelers To Montana:2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Expenditure Comparison Of Overseas, Canadian, And Domestic Nonresident Travelers To Montana:2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report gives a comparison of overseas, Canadian and domestic visitation and spending during 2013. It includes total expenditures and average daily spending in different spending categories.

Go to article

Montana Nonresident Traveler Quarterly Travel Comparison: 2013, Kara Grau Mar 2014

Montana Nonresident Traveler Quarterly Travel Comparison: 2013, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the 2013 quarterly visitation and length of stay data for nonresident travelers to Montana. It also displays average daily spending for various expenditure categories, as well as total expenditures for those categories.

Go to article

Comparative Analysis Of Resident And Visitor Community Image: Gardiner, Montana, Norma P. Nickerson, Meredith S. Berry Feb 2014

Comparative Analysis Of Resident And Visitor Community Image: Gardiner, Montana, Norma P. Nickerson, Meredith S. Berry

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research conducted two separate studies related to the perception and image of Gardiner during 2013: Resident image and nonresident image. The resident study focused on image and quality of life as perceived by those currently living in Gardiner. That study found areas of improvements as well as what they like about their community. The nonresident study found that visitors were mostly positive about the image Gardiner portrays to the visitor and shows the amount of dollars spent in Gardiner. The purpose of this report was to compare the 18 image variables asked in both …

Go to article

Travel And Recreation: The Economics Of "We Like It Here!", Norma P. Nickerson Jan 2014

Travel And Recreation: The Economics Of "We Like It Here!", Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

Outlook for 2014 and Review of 2013.

Go to article

Whitefish Trail Visitor Study, Christine Oschell Jan 2014

Whitefish Trail Visitor Study, Christine Oschell

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to provide the Whitefish Legacy Partners with information about the users of the Whitefish Trail. This includes how and why they are using the trail, the money they spent in Whitefish when they used the trail and how satisfied they were with aspects of the trail.

Go to article

Gardiner, Mt - Visitor Perceptions, Image, And Spending, 2013, Meredith S. Berry, Norma P. Nickerson Jan 2014

Gardiner, Mt - Visitor Perceptions, Image, And Spending, 2013, Meredith S. Berry, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This study assesses the image and perceptions of Gardiner by visitors as well as their reasons for visiting Gardiner and spending patterns within the town. Visitors to Gardiner were primarily in the town to eat and drink, shop, drive through and get fuel; average daily spending was $178. Visitors, both in open-ended and structured responses noted that Gardiner was a friendly and welcoming community, and a fun place. Respondents also believed, however, that there was room for improvement with services available such as food and shopping opportunities. Visitors have many opinions about Gardiner, some positive and some negative. Gardiner is …

Go to article

Analysis Of Touring Cyclists: Impacts, Needs And Opportunities For Montana, Norma P. Nickerson, Jake Jorgenson, Meredith Berry, Jane Kwenye Jan 2014

Analysis Of Touring Cyclists: Impacts, Needs And Opportunities For Montana, Norma P. Nickerson, Jake Jorgenson, Meredith Berry, Jane Kwenye

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to understand the niche market of touring cyclists and to examine the potential for cycle tourism in the state of Montana. Results indicate a strong potential for cycle tourism in the state of Montana. Multi-day cyclists are generally satisfied while in Montana, but improvements are needed. Touring cyclists fit directly in line with Montana’s geotourism marketing brand pillars.

Go to article

Statewide Nonresident Travel Survey: Survey Methods And Data Analysis, Kara Grau Jan 2014

Statewide Nonresident Travel Survey: Survey Methods And Data Analysis, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The Statewide Nonresident Travel Survey is conducted throughout Montana, and the resulting data are analyzed and made available to the public on the ITRR website on a quarterly basis. Statewide visitation and traveler spending estimates, as well as an analysis of the contribution of nonresident travel to Montana's economy, are published annually. This research note provides information regarding the survey methods and data analysis process.

Go to article

Next Last