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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
China: Reserve Requirements, 2015–2016, Carey K. Mott
China: Reserve Requirements, 2015–2016, Carey K. Mott
Journal of Financial Crises
After China devalued the renminbi against the US dollar in August 2015, Chinese equity markets experienced a significant drop that spilled into international markets. The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) adjusted the reserve requirement ratio (RRR) five times between February 2015 and October 2015: three times before the market turmoil, to allocate credit to preferred sectors, and twice in response to the crisis to release liquidity into the financial system. Throughout this cycle, the central bank applied lower RRRs to rural credit institutions, agricultural lenders, leasing and financing companies, and other sectors in which government policy promoted lending. Although the …
China: Reserve Requirements, Gfc, Carey K. Mott
China: Reserve Requirements, Gfc, Carey K. Mott
Journal of Financial Crises
In 2008, China experienced several natural disasters that slowed economic growth, and fearing contagion from the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the central bank cut the reserve requirement ratio (RRR) three times for large financial institutions, to 15.5%, and four times for small and medium-size financial institutions, to 13.5%. This monetary easing, combined with a USD 586 billion fiscal stimulus package, caused explosive credit growth in China. One year after these RRR cuts, the central bank hiked the ratio 12 times, to a historically high 21.5% for large banks in June 2011; however, it maintained a different ratio for rural credit …
Study On Pattern And Types Of Technological Innovation Efficiency Of Three Major Urban Agglomerations In China, Dan Cui, Guoping Li
Study On Pattern And Types Of Technological Innovation Efficiency Of Three Major Urban Agglomerations In China, Dan Cui, Guoping Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
From the perspective of patent industry innovation chain, this paper analyzed the regional differences of the patent technology innovation efficiency and industrial technology innovation efficiency in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, as well as the spatial patterns and industrial characteristics of cities with various types of technological innovation efficiency. It is found that there are significant differences in patent and industrial technology innovation efficiency among the three urban agglomerations. The patent technology innovation efficiency in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration is relatively high, while that in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations is …
Questioning China’S Peaceful Development: A Mahanian Sea Power Analysis Of Blue Water Navy Accumulation, Patricia Patricia, Putu Agung Nara I.P. Satya
Questioning China’S Peaceful Development: A Mahanian Sea Power Analysis Of Blue Water Navy Accumulation, Patricia Patricia, Putu Agung Nara I.P. Satya
Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional
China has been rapidly accumulating naval capabilities for nearly 4 decades with the ambition of pursuing blue-water-navy forces through its People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). With its peaceful development policy, the acquisition of such powers has been interpreted as an anomaly and therefore resulted in an increase of security dilemmas between states. In the quest for explanations behind China’s actions, multiple scholars have examined this phenomenon by utilizing offensive realism, defensive realism, and Tirpitzian non-hegemonic naval theory. Thus, this paper brings another perspective by applying the Mahanian Sea Power approach. Consequently, the analysis established that China’s pursuit of blue-water-navy is …
Parameters Winter Issue 2022-23, Usawc Press
Parameters Winter Issue 2022-23, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
From The Acting Editor In Chief, Conrad C. Crane
From The Acting Editor In Chief, Conrad C. Crane
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Parameters Autumn 2022, Usawc Press
Parameters Autumn 2022, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Sino-Russian Relations And The War In Ukraine, Zenel Garcia, Kevin D. Modlin
Sino-Russian Relations And The War In Ukraine, Zenel Garcia, Kevin D. Modlin
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Claims that China has taken “Russia’s side” in the Ukrainian War oversimplify Sino-Russian relations. We contend Sino-Russian relations are a narrow partnership centered on accelerating the emergence of a multipolar order to reduce American hegemony and illustrate this point by tracing the discursive and empirical foundations of the relationship using primary and secondary materials. Furthermore, we highlight how the war has created challenges and opportunities for China’s other strategic interests, some at the expense of the United States or Russia.
Srad Director's Corner: Understanding North Korea And The Key To Security In East Asia, George Shatzer
Srad Director's Corner: Understanding North Korea And The Key To Security In East Asia, George Shatzer
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
In the third installment of the SRAD Director’s Corner, Colonel George Shatzer focuses on North Korea and the Kim family regime. He reviews Becoming Kim Jong Un: A Former CIA Officer’s Insights into North Korea’s Enigmatic Young Dictator by Jung H. Pak and Rationality in the North Korean Regime: Understanding the Kims’ Strategy of Provocation by David W. Shin and shows how these books might help readers better understand North Korea’s leader Kim Jong-Un and the implications of his actions for US foreign and military policy in the region. The books also provide insights for strategists attempting to plan for …
Strengthen Arctic Governance To Stop Russian And Chinese Overreach, Mark T. Vicik
Strengthen Arctic Governance To Stop Russian And Chinese Overreach, Mark T. Vicik
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article argues shortfalls in the international institutions governing the Arctic have allowed Russia and China to expand control over the region. It provides an overview of regional governance and power dynamics, outlines a three-part approach to correcting deficiencies, highlights attempts by Russia and China to circumvent international governance, examines how the Arctic’s governing institutions address Russian and Chinese growth in the region, and focuses on the institutional failures that have allowed Russia and China to expand—failures academic scholarship and US policy have not adequately addressed. Practitioners will find specific steps for rectifying issues with Arctic institutions to support the …
On "Broken Nest: Deterring China From Invading Taiwan" And Authors' Response, Eric Chan
On "Broken Nest: Deterring China From Invading Taiwan" And Authors' Response, Eric Chan
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
From The Editor, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
From The Editor, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Parameters Spring 2022, Usawc Press
Parameters Spring 2022, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
China’S Global Monopoly On Rare-Earth Elements, Gustavo Ferreira, Jamie Critelli
China’S Global Monopoly On Rare-Earth Elements, Gustavo Ferreira, Jamie Critelli
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article delivers a novel economic analysis of US dependence on China for rare-earth elements and sheds light on how Western nations may exploit the limitations of limit pricing to break China’s global monopoly in rare-earth element production and refinement. This analytical framework, supported by a comprehensive literature review, the application of microeconomic and industrial organization concepts, and two case-study scenarios, provides several policy recommendations to address the most important foreign policy challenge the United States has faced since the end of the Cold War.
Chinese And Western Ways Of War And Their Ethics, C. Anthony Pfaff
Chinese And Western Ways Of War And Their Ethics, C. Anthony Pfaff
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
US officials often portray the Chinese government as having few, if any, ethical boundaries in its pursuit of power. This article argues China, like Western countries, has a rich tradition of constraining this pursuit that can impact the nation’s policies. With a focus on the relationship between ways of war and ethics of war, it relies on traditional and contemporary scholarship from both the East and the West to highlight differences in how each military views the practical and ethical aspects of war and how these views can interact. Understanding the ethical logic available to one’s adversaries will allow US …
Srad Director's Corner: The People’S Republic Of China’S Challenge To Us Security, George Shatzer
Srad Director's Corner: The People’S Republic Of China’S Challenge To Us Security, George Shatzer
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This “SRAD Director’s Corner” is the inaugural contribution by Colonel George Shatzer, director of the Strategy Research and Analysis Division of the Strategic Studies Institute at the US Army War College. In each contribution, Shatzer will discuss books of relevance to US Joint planners and strategists, as well as those of our allies and strategic partners. He will apply his experience and education as a US Army senior strategist to extract insights useful to anyone contemplating how to confront the challenges of today’s strategic environment.