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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Role Of Selection History In Low-Prevalence Visual Search, Kendra Chamlee Smith
The Role Of Selection History In Low-Prevalence Visual Search, Kendra Chamlee Smith
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The low prevalence effect (LPE), the tendency for observers to be more likely to miss rare targets than frequent targets, is a robust error and is difficult to reduce. The LPE is an obstacle in a variety of real-world search tasks in which targets are rare, including baggage screening and some medical imaging. The LPE is thought to occur because when an observer searches for a low-prevalence target, over time, the observer may become both more willing to indicate a target is not there and more likely to end the search early. The present experiments employ three selection history effects, …
Blood Phenylalanine Trajectory And Executive Function Outcomes In Individuals With Phenylketonuria, Clarissa Tardiff
Blood Phenylalanine Trajectory And Executive Function Outcomes In Individuals With Phenylketonuria, Clarissa Tardiff
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mutations in phenylalanine hydroxylase genes. As a result, phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism is disrupted, and this amino acid accumulates in blood and tissue (Pietz, 1998; Scriver et al., 2000). Although the most severe symptoms of PKU may be avoided by early detection and treatment, many individuals with early-treated PKU still experience difficulties in executive function, attention, and processing speed (Antenor-Dorsey et al., 2013; Araujo et al., 2013; Christ et al., 2020; Hawks, Strube, Johnson, Grange, & White, 2018; Hood, Grange, Christ, Steiner, & White, 2014; Janos et al., 2012; White et al., …
Using The Encoding Specificity Principle To Assess The Nature Of The Secondary Memory Component Of Working Memory, Dung Chi Bui
Using The Encoding Specificity Principle To Assess The Nature Of The Secondary Memory Component Of Working Memory, Dung Chi Bui
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent theories and evidence suggest working memory involves secondary memory as well as primary memory. It is unclear, however, if the secondary memory component of working memory is the same as the secondary memory component underlying episodic long-term memory. The present investigation explores this issue by examining whether manipulating encoding and retrieval cues on a short-term memory task produces similar effects as to what is typically seen on episodic long-term memory tasks. More specifically, it is commonly observed on episodic long-term memory tasks that retrieval cues that were not also present during encoding produces worse recall compared to retrieval cues …