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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
A Multi-Site Resting State Fmri Study On The Amplitude Of Low Frequency Fluctuations In Schizophrenia, Jessica Turner, Eswar Damaraju, Theo G. M. Van Erp, Daniel H. Mathalon, Judith Ford, James Voyvodic, Bryon A. Mueller, Aysenil Belger, Juan Bustillo, Sarah Mcewin, Steven G. Potkin, Vince D. Calhoun
A Multi-Site Resting State Fmri Study On The Amplitude Of Low Frequency Fluctuations In Schizophrenia, Jessica Turner, Eswar Damaraju, Theo G. M. Van Erp, Daniel H. Mathalon, Judith Ford, James Voyvodic, Bryon A. Mueller, Aysenil Belger, Juan Bustillo, Sarah Mcewin, Steven G. Potkin, Vince D. Calhoun
Psychology Faculty Publications
Background: This multi-site study compares resting state fMRI amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) between patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Eyes-closed resting fMRI scans (5:38 min; n = 306, 146 SZ) were collected from 6 Siemens 3T scanners and one GE 3T scanner. Imaging data were pre-processed using an SPM pipeline. Power in the low frequency band (0.01–0.08 Hz) was calculated both for the original pre-processed data as well as for the pre-processed data after regressing out the six rigid-body motion parameters, mean white matter (WM) and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) signals. …
Longitudinal Progression Of Frontal And Temporal Lobe Changes In Schizophrenia, Derin J. Cobia, Matthew J. Smith, Lei Wang, John G. Csernansky
Longitudinal Progression Of Frontal And Temporal Lobe Changes In Schizophrenia, Derin J. Cobia, Matthew J. Smith, Lei Wang, John G. Csernansky
Faculty Publications
Cortical abnormalities are considered a neurobiological characteristic of schizophrenia. However, the pattern of such deficits as they progress over the illness remains poorly understood. The goal of this project was to assess the progression of cortical thinning in frontal and temporal cortical regions in schizophrenia, and determine whether relationships exist between them and neuropsychological and clinical symptom profiles. As part of a larger longitudinal 2-year followup study, schizophrenia (n=20) and healthy participants (n=20) group-matched for age, gender, and recent-alcohol use, were selected. Using MRI, estimates of gray matter thickness were derived from primary anatomical gyri of the frontal and temporal …
Alternations Of Nmda And Gabab Receptor Function In Development: A Potential Animal Model Of Schizophrenia, Monica Bolton
Alternations Of Nmda And Gabab Receptor Function In Development: A Potential Animal Model Of Schizophrenia, Monica Bolton
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder that affects up to 3% of the world population. The behavioral symptoms are categorized into positive and negative symptoms, which appear during late adolescence/early adulthood. Unfortunately, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the disease are poorly understood. Several hypotheses exist to explain mechanisms contributing to these behavioral alterations. One model proposes that a reduced function of the NMDA glutamate receptor on specific GABAergic interneurons may be responsible for deficits in schizophrenia. Post-mortem investigations provide evidence of reductions in both glutamate and GABA-related proteins in patients with schizophrenia. Further, GABAergic interneurons that are activated …
Subjective Depression And Thought Disorder In Schizophrenia : Are They Related?, Ariel Briggs
Subjective Depression And Thought Disorder In Schizophrenia : Are They Related?, Ariel Briggs
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
The Stigma Of Mental Illness, Ambivalent Attitudes, And Motivation To Learn, Jennifer Moore
The Stigma Of Mental Illness, Ambivalent Attitudes, And Motivation To Learn, Jennifer Moore
Honors Capstone Projects - All
Prior research has demonstrated that much of the stigma of mental illness falls under the category of ambivalence. In other words, individuals hold both positive and negative impressions of mentally ill individuals and their attitudes tend to not be restricted to one side. On the positive end, they may feel sympathetic toward these individuals, as they understand they are not responsible for their illnesses. On the negative side, they may also believe these individuals are more unpredictable and dangerous than their mentally healthy counterparts. These ambivalent attitudes subsequently result in a feeling of uneasiness, as people feel more comfortable when …
Potential Impact Of Mir-137 And Its Targets In Schizophrenia, Carrie Wright, Jessica Turner, Vince D. Calhoun, Nora I. Perrone-Bizzozero
Potential Impact Of Mir-137 And Its Targets In Schizophrenia, Carrie Wright, Jessica Turner, Vince D. Calhoun, Nora I. Perrone-Bizzozero
Psychology Faculty Publications
The significant impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) on disease pathology is becoming increas- ingly evident. These small non-coding RNAs have the ability to post-transcriptionally silence the expression of thousands of genes. Therefore, dysregulation of even a single miRNA could confer a large polygenic effect. Schizophrenia is a genetically complex illness thought to involve multiple genes each contributing a small risk. Large genome-wide association studies identified miR-137, a miRNA shown to be involved in neuronal maturation, as one of the top risk genes. To assess the potential mechanism of impact of miR-137 in this disorder and identify its targets, we used a …
Autobiographical Memory And Theory Of Mind In Schizotypy, Andrew Deptula
Autobiographical Memory And Theory Of Mind In Schizotypy, Andrew Deptula
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit marked impairments on tasks assessing theory of mind (ToM) and autobiographical memory (AM) qualities, and preliminary research has indicated a positive link between these abilities. This study is the first to systematically explore this relationship in the related personality trait of schizotypy. In a study of 47 undergraduate students (23 males) reporting a wide continuous range of schizotypy, we found that females, but not males, exhibited a negative correlation between ToM and schizotypy, and an unexpected positive correlation between AM qualities and schizotypy. Factor score analysis within females indicated that disorganized schizotypy was the strongest correlate …
Ketamine Induced Deficits In Working Memory With Relevance To Schizophrenia, Michael A. Langhardt, Jefferson Kinney
Ketamine Induced Deficits In Working Memory With Relevance To Schizophrenia, Michael A. Langhardt, Jefferson Kinney
McNair Poster Presentations
Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating brain disorder, which affects approximately one percent of the adult population worldwide. The symptoms of schizophrenia are commonly divided into three broad classes: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive disturbances (Kay, et al., 1987). The positive symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking, while the negative symptoms include affective flattening, social withdrawal, and an inability to plan and carry out future activities. The cognitive disturbances exhibited in schizophrenia include deficits in spatial reference and working memory as well as difficulties with focus and attention (Lewis et. al., 2007). Several models have been proposed …
Social Connectedness Deficits In College Students With Schizotypy, Laura Brown
Social Connectedness Deficits In College Students With Schizotypy, Laura Brown
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Schizophrenia is a devastating disorder characterized by a variety of bizarre behaviors as well as deficits in neurocognition, social cognition, and functioning. This study focuses on individuals with schizotypy—those with the purported genetic liability for schizophrenia that do not display the full disorder. Prior research has identified potential risk factors for schizophrenia by studying this population, including deficits in social cognition. Studies of social cognition in individuals with schizotypy, however, have yielded inconsistent findings that have failed to fully explain the range of functional deficits seen in these individuals. Social connectedness, in contrast, may be a more useful risk factor …
Cognitive Performance As A Predictor Of Functional Capacity In Schizophrenia, Tracey Lauren Auster
Cognitive Performance As A Predictor Of Functional Capacity In Schizophrenia, Tracey Lauren Auster
LSU Master's Theses
Previous literature has demonstrated that persons with schizophrenia suffer from cognitive deficits and struggle with deficits in everyday living skills, two areas of functioning thatare related in some way. Nearly all cognitive domains are affected in schizophrenia, and most of them have been associated with poor functioning. Therefore, a possible link is the existence of an attentional bottleneck where the demands of attentional load and the lack of attentional resources to handle these demands, decreases capacity to carryout everyday living skills. Researchers have suggested the existence of a structural bottleneck that limits individuals’ ability in the use of cognitive resources. …
Abnormal Emotional Experience In Schizophrenia, Dallas A. Callaway
Abnormal Emotional Experience In Schizophrenia, Dallas A. Callaway
LSU Master's Theses
Ambivalence is defined as the state of simultaneously experiencing antithetical emotions towards a single attitude object (Bleuler, 1911/1950). Recent studies have evidenced ambivalence as a prominent aspect of schizophrenia patients’ in-the-moment emotional experiences (Cohen & Minor, 2010; Trémeau et al., 2009). The present study extended this line of work through the use of an experimental mood-induction methodology to explore the amount, frequency, and average duration of univalent positive, negative, and ambivalent emotional episodes within individuals with schizophrenia and those without psychiatric disturbance. The results indicate that, when exposed to a film clip stimulus selected for its documented (Larsen & McGraw, …