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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Autism (3)
- Attention (2)
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2)
- BISCUIT (2)
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- Malingering (2)
- ADHD (1)
- ASD (1)
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- Challenging behavior (1)
- Check-in (1)
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- Check-out (1)
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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Generalizabiity And Dependability Of Brief Behavior Rating Scales For Social Skills, Lisa L. Minor
Generalizabiity And Dependability Of Brief Behavior Rating Scales For Social Skills, Lisa L. Minor
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
While there are appropriate tools to progress monitor academics, there is no universally accepted tool to progress monitor social behavior. The current study proposed the development of a series of brief behavior rating scales to correspond to important social skills domains on the Social Skills Rating Scale (Gresham & Elliott, 2008) and to evaluate the resulting psychometric features through generalizability theory. Data was collected in a preschool classroom in a 6 persons by 2 rater by 6-7 items by occasions mixed model design. Data was analyzed series of generalizability and decision studies to investigate sources of variability and to determine …
Treatment Integrity Failures Matched To Behavioral Function, Joanna Elizabeth Lomas Mevers
Treatment Integrity Failures Matched To Behavioral Function, Joanna Elizabeth Lomas Mevers
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Prior research on treatment integrity has focused on either the lack of measurement of the independent variable (Peterson, Homer & Wonderlich, 1982; Gresham, Gansle & Noel, 1993; Wheeler, Baggett, Fox & Blevins, 2006; McIntyre, Gresham, DiGennaro & Reed, 2007; Sanetti, Gritter & Dobey, 2011) or on methods to increase overall levels of treatment integrity(Witt, Noell, LaFleur & Mortenson, 1997; Noell, Witt, Gilbertson, Ranier & Freeland,1997; Noell et al., 2005). Yet little research has been devoted to understanding the effectiveness of common interventions when those interventions are implemented with less than perfect integrity. The current investigation evaluated the effectiveness of using …
Detecting Malingered Adhd Using The Personality Assessment Inventory : An Exploratory Analysis In College Students, Mandi Wilkes Musso
Detecting Malingered Adhd Using The Personality Assessment Inventory : An Exploratory Analysis In College Students, Mandi Wilkes Musso
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Background: There has been a growing interest in assessment of effort during psychoeducational evaluations, where students may feign symptoms of ADHD to obtain academic accommodations or stimulant medications. Current research suggests most ADHD questionnaires and neuropsychological tests do not adequately distinguish clinical ADHD from simulated ADHD. Objective: The purpose of the current study is to develop an embedded malingering index in the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) specifically for detecting feigned ADHD in college students. Method: A sample of 310 undergraduate students were separated into three groups, ADHD Simulators, Prospective ADHD, and College controls. In addition, this study used archival data …
Academic Self-Monitoring In College Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Mindy C. Scheithauer
Academic Self-Monitoring In College Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Mindy C. Scheithauer
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Self-monitoring is an intervention that can result in behavior change by having individuals observe and record their own behavior. Self-monitoring has received empirical support in changing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) related behaviors in children, but there is scarce research regarding self-monitoring with adults with ADHD. The current study implemented a self-monitoring intervention aimed at improving academic behavior and medication adherence in college students with ADHD. The self-monitoring intervention included study skills training, goal-setting, identification of individualized self-monitoring behavior, and follow-up meetings to discuss progress. The participants were asked to monitor their behavior on a daily basis using an electronic system. Compared …
Time Of Day Preferences And Resource Allocation, Alicia Marie Briganti
Time Of Day Preferences And Resource Allocation, Alicia Marie Briganti
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Previous studies have shown that circadian rhythms can have a significant impact on cognitive task performance (Bodenhausen, 1990; May, Hasher, & Stoltzfus, 1993), and that performance is better during participants’ optimal time of day for explicit memory tasks and for tasks where inhibition of responses is required. Researchers have concluded that deficits during one’s non-optimal time of day are due to inefficient inhibition (e.g., May & Hasher, 1998). However, previous studies have not sufficiently addressed possible changes in resource allocation, or the amount of resources that are allocated to the primary task versus the amount of resources used to actively …
Influencing The Confirmation Bias On A Matchmaker Task Through Manipulation Of The Feeling Of Rightness, Patrick Clinton Ledet
Influencing The Confirmation Bias On A Matchmaker Task Through Manipulation Of The Feeling Of Rightness, Patrick Clinton Ledet
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The confirmation bias occurs when an individual ignores potentially disconfirming evidence and gives greater attention to apparent confirming evidence. The confirmation bias is theorized to result from rapid, automatic and unconscious processing. Such processing generates decisions that are considered to be “good enough” to meet the demands of a situation. Although such judgments are guided by unconscious processing, the individual may have conscious awareness of the generated hypothesis while still failing to systematically consider important information. Previous attempts to counter the confirmation bias have focused on directly instructing individuals to use systematic decision making. This method has had some success …
Improving Routines : Self-Monitoring By Adolescents Diagnosed With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Meghan Ann Geary
Improving Routines : Self-Monitoring By Adolescents Diagnosed With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Meghan Ann Geary
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), though commonly diagnosed in childhood, continues to present with problematic symptoms through adolescence and adulthood (Barkley, Fischer, Edelbrock, & Smallish, 1990; Young & Amarasinghe, 2010). Despite the number of adolescents suffering from ADHD and the detrimental effects the symptoms can have on their lives, there is a paucity of research in interventions tailored to this population (Young & Amarasinghe, 2010). Additionally, an even smaller portion of this research addresses daily routines for adolescents, despite findings that maintaining routines are often very difficult for adolescents with ADHD (Bloomquist, 2005; Coghill et al., 2008; Pfiffner et al. 2007; Robin, …
Effects Of A Brief Mindfulness Intervention On Negative Affect And Urge To Drink Among College Student Drinkers, Christine Vinci
Effects Of A Brief Mindfulness Intervention On Negative Affect And Urge To Drink Among College Student Drinkers, Christine Vinci
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Problematic college student drinking can predict the subsequent development of severe alcohol use patterns. Several theories have proposed that negative affect (NA) plays a large role in the maintenance of substance use behaviors – a phenomenon supported in laboratory-based and clinical studies. It has been demonstrated that mindfulness meditation can improve the regulation of NA, suggesting that mindfulness may be very beneficial in treating problematic substance use behavior. The present study utilized a brief mindfulness intervention, followed by a NA mood induction in a sample of college student problematic drinkers (N = 207). A three by two by three factorial …
Creating An Sli Performance Profile With Load, Christy Marie Seidel
Creating An Sli Performance Profile With Load, Christy Marie Seidel
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this body of work was to gain a clearer understanding of the potential cognitive factors that may contribute to Specific Language Impairment (SLI). This study attempted to simulate a performance profile of SLI in typically developing children within a grammaticality judgment task, featuring structures historically difficult (third person singular –S and auxiliary BE) and easy (plural –S and progressive –ING) for individuals with SLI. Cognitive load was manipulated through the length of the sentences to be judged, and individual differences in phonological short term memory (PSTM) and working memory were measured (WM). For a successful simulation to …
Exploratory And Confirmatory Factor Analyses Of The Symptom Structure For Autism Spectrum Disorders Using The Baby And The Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits, Megan Sipes
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Since autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were first identified, the diagnostic criteria and conceptualization of symptom structure have undergone many revisions. Currently, under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association (APA), 2000), ASD is defined by three symptom categories: impairments in socialization, deficits in communication, and repetitive/restricted behaviors. With the publication of the DSM-5 (APA, 2011), however, ASD will be defined by a two symptom cluster structure in which the main impairments are in the areas of social communication and restricted/repetitive behaviors. With these changes, many assessment measures will need to be re-examined to …
Reciprocal Peer Mentoring : Increasing The Prosocial Behavior Of Socially Neglected Students, Tai A. Collins
Reciprocal Peer Mentoring : Increasing The Prosocial Behavior Of Socially Neglected Students, Tai A. Collins
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Two studies investigated the effectiveness of the Reciprocal Peer Mentoring intervention in improving the prosocial behavior of socially neglected elementary school students as measured by a Direct Behavior Rating filled out by their teachers. Reciprocal Peer Mentoring uses the methodological framework of the Check-In/Check-Out intervention (e.g. Hawken & Horner, 2003), but expands on it by using peers as mentors, adding a reciprocity component, focusing on prosocial behavior, and targeting socially neglected students. In Study 1, the effectiveness of Nonreciprocal Peer Mentoring was examined, as popular peers served as mentors for neglected peers. In Study 2, neglected or rejected students mentored …
Challenging Behaviors In Autism Spectrum Disorders : Differences Across Childhood And The Relationship With Autism Symptomatology, Alison Marie Kozlowski
Challenging Behaviors In Autism Spectrum Disorders : Differences Across Childhood And The Relationship With Autism Symptomatology, Alison Marie Kozlowski
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Challenging behaviors (CBs) are remarkably prevalent in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and can have a number of severe consequences. While it is believed that CBs reach their peak in childhood followed by a general abatement throughout adolescence and adulthood, the exact trend of CBs during childhood is unknown. Furthermore, the impact of changes in autism symptomatology on CBs during childhood has seldom been explored despite a positive correlation between autism symptomatology and CBs having been established. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to determine where significant differences in both autism symptomatology and CBs occur throughout childhood, and …
Socially Oriented Negative Self-Referent Cognition : The Development And Validation Of A Measure, Brittany Moree Rudy
Socially Oriented Negative Self-Referent Cognition : The Development And Validation Of A Measure, Brittany Moree Rudy
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Social phobia, a debilitating disorder among children and adolescents, is thought to be made up of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological components. However, in children, the cognitive component of this disorder has been largely neglected by researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create and validate a new instrument, the "Socially Oriented Negative Anxious Statement (SONAS) scale,” that assesses socially oriented negative self-referent cognition in a younger population. Measurement validation procedures including, reliability, validity, and factor analysis, were utilized to examine the proposed questionnaire. Results indicated that the SONAS scale demonstrated good psychometric properties, including a sound two-factor structure …
The Effects Of Parent Factors On Children's Separation Anxiety, Anna Catherine May
The Effects Of Parent Factors On Children's Separation Anxiety, Anna Catherine May
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Parental anxiety is a well-known factor that contributes to the development of anxiety in children. However, little is known about how specific parental factors influence the development and trajectory of childhood anxiety. There is also a paucity of research on separation anxiety disorder specifically. Complicating matters, children who suffer from clinically significant separation anxiety tend to be younger and thus it is harder to obtain accurate information from this age group. The purpose of the present study was to determine the mechanism through which parental factors such as somatization, anxiety sensitivity, and separation anxious behaviors might influence the development of …
What You Attend To Is What You Remember : Investigating The Unit Of Representation In Visual Working Memory, Amanda Elaine Van Lamsweerde
What You Attend To Is What You Remember : Investigating The Unit Of Representation In Visual Working Memory, Amanda Elaine Van Lamsweerde
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The unit of representation in visual working memory (VWM) is a matter of some debate. The object benefit occurs when more features are remembered when they are combined into fewer objects. This has been used to support the perspective that objects are the unit of representation in VWM. However, the object benefit occurs only for two features from different dimensions (e.g., a blue circle: color and shape) but not two features from the same dimension (e.g., a red-and-blue bi-colored square: two colors). This suggests that both objects and features may be important in determining VWM capacity. The purpose of this …
Organization Benefits - The Panacea For All That Ails You? A Dyadic, Dual-Earner Investigation Of Organization-Offered Benefits And Their Effect On Individuals And Their Partners, Suzanne Marie Booth-Ledoux
Organization Benefits - The Panacea For All That Ails You? A Dyadic, Dual-Earner Investigation Of Organization-Offered Benefits And Their Effect On Individuals And Their Partners, Suzanne Marie Booth-Ledoux
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In an effort to attract and retain top talent, organizations often offer and implement various organization benefits. The focus of this dissertation is on the outcomes of those offered organization benefits on employees and their partners. Three types of organization benefits were assessed: family-friendly benefits, financial and compensation benefits, and health care and wellness benefits. Additionally, the connection between the offering of these benefits with family-supportive organization perceptions was also examined. Family-supportive organization perceptions was shown to directly and indirectly link to individual-level outcomes including work-to-family conflict and psychological wellbeing. Moreover, because individuals do not exist in a vacuum (i.e., …
Social Connectedness Deficits In College Students With Schizotypy, Laura Brown
Social Connectedness Deficits In College Students With Schizotypy, Laura Brown
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Schizophrenia is a devastating disorder characterized by a variety of bizarre behaviors as well as deficits in neurocognition, social cognition, and functioning. This study focuses on individuals with schizotypy—those with the purported genetic liability for schizophrenia that do not display the full disorder. Prior research has identified potential risk factors for schizophrenia by studying this population, including deficits in social cognition. Studies of social cognition in individuals with schizotypy, however, have yielded inconsistent findings that have failed to fully explain the range of functional deficits seen in these individuals. Social connectedness, in contrast, may be a more useful risk factor …
The Baby And Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits: Age-Based Scoring Procedures, Max Horovitz
The Baby And Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits: Age-Based Scoring Procedures, Max Horovitz
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As increasing interest and emphasis has been placed on early intervention for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), the need for reliable and valid early assessment techniques has grown significantly. The Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits (BISCUIT) is a three-part battery designed to comprehensively assess for ASD in infants and toddlers aged 17 to 37 months. While studies of the measure’s psychometric properties have been promising, the measure’s scoring procedures do not take the child’s age into account. Given the significant amount of development that occurs in the first three years of life, the current paper …
An Examination Of Speech Characteristics Under Conditions Of Affective Reactivity And Variable Cognitive Load As Distinguishing Feigned And Genuine Schizophrenia, Gina M. Najolia
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Proper assessment of schizophrenia is complicated by the need for clinicians to be cognizant of the possibility of malingering, i.e., the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated symptoms, motivated by external incentives. Current standardized schizophrenia malingering detection methods rely on endorsement of improbable or exaggerated, mainly positive, symptoms. However, these detection methods may be vulnerable to successful manipulation by sophisticated malingerers, particularly if coached regarding response style assessment strategies. This paper explored the utility of supplemental variables to examine in schizophrenia malingering detection by using a simulation study design to compare schizophrenia patients, a community participant sample instructed to …
Utilizing Students As Behavior Change Agents : An Example Using Check-In/Check-Out, Evan Henry Dart
Utilizing Students As Behavior Change Agents : An Example Using Check-In/Check-Out, Evan Henry Dart
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
While there is no shortage of evidence-based interventions designed to address the academic and behavioral difficulties of students in schools, it can be difficult to find adults that are available to implement them consistently. To remedy this problem, students’ peers have often been utilized effectively as academic interventionists in the schools and as behavioral interventionists for students with disabilities. Two studies were designed to investigate the effectiveness of a peer-mediated intervention for students at-risk for developing behavioral disorders. Check-in/Check-out (CICO), a mentor-based intervention traditional implemented by adults, was modified so that it could be easily implemented by elementary school students. …
Memory For Elements Of A Complex Scene : Binding And The Influence Of Attention, Stephanie L. Martin
Memory For Elements Of A Complex Scene : Binding And The Influence Of Attention, Stephanie L. Martin
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Memory of a complex event includes a multitude of features (e.g., objects, people, and actions) as well as the overall context (e.g., going to a picnic). To recall a complex event you must bind together these features and context into an episodic memory representation. This process of binding creates the subjective experience that certain details belong together. In two experiments, I examined whether particular types of information are bound together (object-to-object, object-to-context) within a memory representation of a scene and how attention may influence this process. Participants viewed a series of scenes and their attention was drawn to some objects …