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Articles 1 - 30 of 71
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Student Perceptions Of Stress And Relaxation At The Beginning And End Of The Week, Molly M. Hudson, Emily Halvorson, Jaylee Oliver, Katrina Johnson, Gracelyn Lane, Kristen Black
Student Perceptions Of Stress And Relaxation At The Beginning And End Of The Week, Molly M. Hudson, Emily Halvorson, Jaylee Oliver, Katrina Johnson, Gracelyn Lane, Kristen Black
Modern Psychological Studies
This study examined whether student perceptions of stress, their level of relaxation remorse, and their health symptoms varied at the beginning verses the end of the week. We also examined how stress and relaxation remorse correlate with health symptoms at the beginning verses the end of the week. The findings of this study indicate that students have more relaxation remorse, perceived stress, and health symptoms on Monday than on Friday; additionally, students reported fewer coping activities on Monday than on Friday. Our results also indicate that students’ level perceived stress and relaxation remorse relate to their level of health symptoms. …
Effects Of An Aqua-Titanium Necklace On Running Speed When Examined At The Individual And Group Levels, Nathan A. Weber, Mychal A. Machado, Duane D. Wood
Effects Of An Aqua-Titanium Necklace On Running Speed When Examined At The Individual And Group Levels, Nathan A. Weber, Mychal A. Machado, Duane D. Wood
Modern Psychological Studies
Results from previous evaluations of athletic wearables infused with Aqua Titanium have been mixed with respect to ergogenic effectiveness. This might be due to exclusive reliance on group designs in previous studies. The purpose of our study was to evaluate and compare the individual and group differences in responsiveness to an Aqua-Titanium necklace. Using a single-subject (reversal) design, we measured the running speed of 10 healthy adults across baseline (no necklace), test (Aqua-Titanium necklace) and placebo conditions using a 61-m indoor track. The entire sample was then considered for group analyses. Results showed that our single-subject and group analyses produced …
Literature Review Of The Relationship Between Illness Identity And Recovery Outcomes Among Adults With Severe Mental Illness, Veronica W. Wanyee, Dr. Josephine Arasa
Literature Review Of The Relationship Between Illness Identity And Recovery Outcomes Among Adults With Severe Mental Illness, Veronica W. Wanyee, Dr. Josephine Arasa
Modern Psychological Studies
This paper is a literature review of the relationship between illness identity and recovery outcomes among adults with severe mental illness. First, illness identity is explored as presented in the literature, through analysis of work on narrativization, labeling theory and the role of gender stereotypes. Literature on stigmatization as a mediating factor that influences the ways illness identity impacts recovery is also studied. Finally, work is presented on recovery outcomes that are a direct result of self-perception. Findings suggest the existence of two paradigms; positive and negative illness identity as the result of mediating factors from the diagnosis stage. A …
Envisioning Success: A Naturalistic Investigation Into Prospective Memory Performance, Reminder Use, And Memory Strategies In An Academic Context, John Whittemore
Envisioning Success: A Naturalistic Investigation Into Prospective Memory Performance, Reminder Use, And Memory Strategies In An Academic Context, John Whittemore
Honors Theses
Prospective memory encompasses the ability to remember to carry out future intentions. Prospective memory performance is essential for students. College students are expected to remember and complete a variety of assignments on a daily basis. In these naturalistic experiments taking place before and after COVID-19, college students were required to set academic goals for themselves for three consecutive days following specific guidelines. Each day, the participant identified a time specific academic goal and a non-time specific academic goal. Participants were randomizing assigned experimental or control condition. The experimental group performed an episodic future thinking exercise during encoding. Additionally, each time …
What's In A Name? An Assessment Of Degradation Of Women In The Name Of Climbing Routes, Raiza Barahona
What's In A Name? An Assessment Of Degradation Of Women In The Name Of Climbing Routes, Raiza Barahona
Honors Theses
Gendered behavior is reinforced at an early age. In media, women are usually portrayed following gender stereotypical behaviors and are often sexualized, meaning that their worth is often determined by their body shape and clothing type and as such women are often wearing revealing clothing, following gender stereotypical behaviors, and portraying unrealistic body proportions (e.g., Gentlemen’s Quarterly Magazine; Collins, 2011). The representation of women in climbing media is similar to that of the general media. The present study focused on route names within the climbing community and presents a qualitative analysis on the sexism and other derogatory (i.e., overtly sexual) …
Toward A Valid And Reliable Measure Of Play: The Dimensions Of Play Framework, Aubrey Henriksen
Toward A Valid And Reliable Measure Of Play: The Dimensions Of Play Framework, Aubrey Henriksen
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
While it is established that play is important for development, researchers do not have a measure that examines both play type and complexity. Existing measures are limited to examining play type without complexity, complexity of a specific play type, or ethnographic measures. Based on a combination of scales in the literature, I developed the Dimensions of Play Framework as a tool for observational quantitative measurement of play in children's museums. The purpose of this initial study was to investigate interrater reliability using a time-sampling method. Video tapes of 140 children interacting with either a simple or elaborate version of a …
Discerning The Other: Political Prejudice And Intergroup Contact, Matthew Durham
Discerning The Other: Political Prejudice And Intergroup Contact, Matthew Durham
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Increasing political polarization in the United States over the last 60 years has led to an increase in self-segregation by political affiliation. This can be seen at the level of the nation, state, city, and even the neighborhood. In contrast, many data trends suggest that polarization between other groups (e.g., racial, ethnic, religious, sexual orientation) has decreased during the same time. One of the most studied methods for decreasing intergroup prejudice has been Gordon Allport’s intergroup contact hypothesis. Allport suggested that contact between groups who see themselves as equals with common interests, common goals, and the support of cultural institutions …
Consequences Of The Ambiguous Insult: A Review Of Literature On Gender, Race, And Lgbtq-Based Microaggressions, Emily Halvorson
Consequences Of The Ambiguous Insult: A Review Of Literature On Gender, Race, And Lgbtq-Based Microaggressions, Emily Halvorson
Modern Psychological Studies
For over thirty years, microaggressions have been studied for their weight on members of groups like ethnic and racial minorities, women and members of the LGBTQ community. Microaggressions are the routine, derogatory interactions like slights gestures, snubs or minor insults. Microaggressions yield physical and psychological distress to victims and communicate to marginalized groups the biases and prejudices against them harbored by majority group members. This taxonomy divides the experiences of microaggressions into the categories of gender, racial and LGBTQ-based sectors, as well as the subcategories that are relevant to the experiences of the members when faced with microaggressions.
The Relationship Between Religiosity And Attitudes Toward Women At A Conservative Christian College, Sara Kemp
The Relationship Between Religiosity And Attitudes Toward Women At A Conservative Christian College, Sara Kemp
Modern Psychological Studies
Research suggests that religiosity influences attitudes toward women more strongly than does any other demographic. In many studies, it has also been indicated that men hold more conservative gender attitudes than do women. Many religious denominations have been represented in such research, but no previous studies have included Seventh-day Adventist participants. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward women amongst students at a Seventh-day Adventist college in the Midwest. A total of 74 students, 88% of which were Seventh-day Adventist, participated by completing the Centrality of Religiosity Scale and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale. …
Plato, The Brain, And The Soul: Further Research Into Neural Correlates For Plato’S Tripartite Soul, Stayce R. Camparo
Plato, The Brain, And The Soul: Further Research Into Neural Correlates For Plato’S Tripartite Soul, Stayce R. Camparo
Modern Psychological Studies
This paper explores neuropsychological evidence for Plato’s philosophical theory of the tripartite soul as explained in Plato’s Republic. Plato contends that an express relationship of the three elements that make-up the soul (reason, appetitive, and spirit) interact to promote just behavior, and that just behavior is optimal for individual and societal well-being. Specifically, just behavior is considered to arise from reason’s oversight of the other two elements. Apparent in this theory is the proximity Plato’s analysis has with the current psychological understanding of cognitions that activate behaviors. Strack and Deutsch’s (2004) 2-system model of reflective and impulsive processing, with the …
Understanding Shame As A Barrier To Psychological Safety, Sabrina Moon
Understanding Shame As A Barrier To Psychological Safety, Sabrina Moon
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
This session investigates a commonly avoided barrier to psychological safety that is often not discussed, especially in professional settings - that barrier is called shame. We will explore and outline the importance of understanding shame, how it shows up in our organizations and the skills of developing shame resilience. Participants will take part in an interactive presentation and will be introduced to concepts and methods through storytelling and behavioral analysis. They will also walk away with awareness of why shame shows up in our lives, strategies to develop shame resilience and self awareness, the difference between the 4 self conscious …
The Role Of Organizational Climate In Creating A Safe And Healthy Work Environment, Robert R. Sinclair
The Role Of Organizational Climate In Creating A Safe And Healthy Work Environment, Robert R. Sinclair
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
A now large body of research has investigated the role of organizational climate in creating a safer and healthier workplace. In this presentation, I will introduce the general idea of organizational climate, differentiate climate from related concepts, and describe applications of organizational climate research specifically with regard to safety and health concerns. I then will provide several evidence-based recommendations from the organizational psychology literature about how to create an organizational climate that supports employees' safety, health, and well-being.
Your Email Didn't Find Me Well: Employee Perceptions Of Work And Feeling Safe During Covid-19, J. Drake Terry, Konstantin P. Cigularov, Phillip Dillulio, Miranda Maverick, Kate Warnock
Your Email Didn't Find Me Well: Employee Perceptions Of Work And Feeling Safe During Covid-19, J. Drake Terry, Konstantin P. Cigularov, Phillip Dillulio, Miranda Maverick, Kate Warnock
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused massive disruptions to work and threats to employee well-being. A recent study found that 69% of U.S. workers claimed that this pandemic has been the most stressful time of their entire professional career, including major events like the September 11 terror attacks and the 2008 Great Recession (Ginger, 2020). In this session, we will present preliminary findings from our current studies identifying the most critical job demands related to the pandemic among employees from four occupational groups: university employees, public sector employees, gym employees, and clergy. We will also review the growing …
Creating A Climate Of Safety For Black Workers In America, Enrica N. Ruggs
Creating A Climate Of Safety For Black Workers In America, Enrica N. Ruggs
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
2020 has seen a racial reckoning unlike one we have seen since the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. The killing of George Floyd and others, along with other societal issues have spurred racial unrest in the US. In this talk I will discuss the ways that societal racial unrest that leads to racial trauma can spillover and negatively affect people, particularly Black people at work. Then I will discuss ways that coworkers and organizations can start to create safe spaces for Black people to process trauma when coping with racism from outside and within organizations.
Examining The Relationship Between Applicant Reactions And Selection Test Performance: Is The Relationship Curvilinear?, Catherine Meyer, Yalcin Acikgoz, Jacob Leslie
Examining The Relationship Between Applicant Reactions And Selection Test Performance: Is The Relationship Curvilinear?, Catherine Meyer, Yalcin Acikgoz, Jacob Leslie
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
There is evidence in the literature that negative reactions to employee selection procedures such as high anxiety and low motivation are related to poor performance by job applicants on a selection test (McCarthy, Van Iddekinge, Lievens, Kung, Sinar, Campion, 2013). However, to date the studies examining this relationship were correlational, meaning that no causal relationship could be established. This implies that while it is possible that negative reactions predict low test performance, it is also plausible that the reverse is true (i.e., poor performance at the early stages of a selection test leads to high anxiety and low motivation) or …
Understanding Resilience As A Mediator On Mindfulness And Burnout, Kaitlyn Berry, Alexander Jackson
Understanding Resilience As A Mediator On Mindfulness And Burnout, Kaitlyn Berry, Alexander Jackson
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Resilience is a protective factor that allows an individual to overcome adversity such as trauma and large workloads. Resilience has been heavily studied both from the viewpoint of its countering effects to unfavorable outcomes and its relation to personality and other intraindividual variables. Mindfulness is one intraindividual trait that has been previously shown to be positively related to resilience. Mindfulness has also been negatively related to measures of psychological adjustment such as burnout. Past studies have failed to evaluate the relationship between these as resilience may mediate these relationships. A model proposed by Rees et al. (2015) to explain resilience …
"Hey, Are You Busy Right Now?" Stressor Appraisals Of Interruptions To Workflow, Camille Wheatley, Kristen Jennings Black
"Hey, Are You Busy Right Now?" Stressor Appraisals Of Interruptions To Workflow, Camille Wheatley, Kristen Jennings Black
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Academic research has studied interruptions to workflow under the pretext that all face-to-face interruptions are negative events, finding that frequent interruptions cause increases in employee stress and productivity loss. However, it is likely that not all interruptions are perceived as stressful by employees. Some interruptions could even be considered rejuvenating experiences that provide employees with renewed energy to return to their work tasks. We propose that employees’ stressor appraisals of various interruption events vary due to the characteristics of the event such as the content of the conversation and the length of the interaction. The proposed study is designed to …
Examining The Relationship Between Applicant Reactions And Selection Test Performance: Is The Relationship Curvilinear?, Catherine Meyer, Yalcin Acikgoz, Jacob Leslie
Examining The Relationship Between Applicant Reactions And Selection Test Performance: Is The Relationship Curvilinear?, Catherine Meyer, Yalcin Acikgoz, Jacob Leslie
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
There is evidence in the literature that negative reactions to employee selection procedures such as high anxiety and low motivation are related to poor performance by job applicants on a selection test (McCarthy, Van Iddekinge, Lievens, Kung, Sinar, Campion, 2013). However, to date the studies examining this relationship were correlational, meaning that no causal relationship could be established. This implies that while it is possible that negative reactions predict low test performance, it is also plausible that the reverse is true (i.e., poor performance at the early stages of a selection test leads to high anxiety and low motivation) or …
Applicant Perceptions Of Fairness And Equity In Selection, Megan Warrenbrand, Alexandra Zelin, Christopher J. L. Cunningham, Brian J. O'Leary
Applicant Perceptions Of Fairness And Equity In Selection, Megan Warrenbrand, Alexandra Zelin, Christopher J. L. Cunningham, Brian J. O'Leary
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Machine-learning algorithms provide organizations with the opportunity to quickly and efficiently process information about potential employees while reducing costs associated with selection and turnover. However, any bias or error present in the programming as a result of information drawn from historically biased data is evident in the algorithm output (Illingworth, 2015). Additionally, human decision-makers rely on deductive reasoning by creating hypotheses, examining several variables, and drawing formal conclusions between the predictor variables and outcomes (Tambe et al., 2019). Recently, there has been growing fairness and equity concerns about the risks associated with the use of algorithms in selection processes from …
An Examination Of Ethnic Subgroup Score Differences Between Different Types Of Situational Judgement Tests, Brent Larison
An Examination Of Ethnic Subgroup Score Differences Between Different Types Of Situational Judgement Tests, Brent Larison
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Situational Judgement Tests (SJTs) are assessments which place the respondent in a situation where they are asked to select, rate, or respond with the best given answer for a given scenario. One current issue for the use of SJTs today is finding ways to reduce levels of ethnic subgroup differences in scores which can lead to adverse impact. The purpose of the current study is to examine the components of SJTs having potential in reducing ethnic subgroup differences in scores. While there is ample research suggesting there are differences in ethnic subgroup scores that can be found using different formats …
Easing The Return To Normalcy: Reintegrating Victims Of Domestic Violence Into The Workplace V2.0, Corrine Wolfe, Alexandra I. Zelin
Easing The Return To Normalcy: Reintegrating Victims Of Domestic Violence Into The Workplace V2.0, Corrine Wolfe, Alexandra I. Zelin
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Domestic violence (DV) is a major public health crisis that can have long-lasting, detrimental effects on its victims. Often, the effects of DV can translate into the victim’s workplace, reduce employee productivity, and/or result in an increase in absences. When victims miss work due to a DV-related incident, they typically need help to reintegrate back into the workplace, and even those victims that do not miss an extended period of work still need ongoing organizational support. It is important that employers understand the costs DV can have in terms of absent and distracted employees as well as the opportunities and …
An Active Shooter Training Video And The Extended Parallel Process Model: The Role Of Dismissive Contexts, Benjamin D. Schulte
An Active Shooter Training Video And The Extended Parallel Process Model: The Role Of Dismissive Contexts, Benjamin D. Schulte
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
It is not unreasonable for organizations to be interested in preparing their employees for an active shooter event. One mode of doing so is to require that employees view an active shooter training video. Little research, however, has examined the effectiveness of such videos. The current proposal examines the Avoid Deny Defend (ADD) active shooter training video. The effectiveness of the video may be understood in terms of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). The EPPM explains how fear appeals—or messages that arouse fear in order to persuade one to adopt recommended behaviors—can be successful. The model posits that fear …
Paid Time Off (Pto): Work Stress As A Potential Moderator Between Workaholism And Pto Usage, Natalie French
Paid Time Off (Pto): Work Stress As A Potential Moderator Between Workaholism And Pto Usage, Natalie French
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between individual paid time off (PTO) usage and worker characteristics including, workaholism, work stress, and work engagement. Workaholism, the compulsive need to work excessively (Clark et al., 2016), has been related to several negative work and life outcomes such as burnout (Moyer et al., 2017) and higher levels of stress (Aziz et al., 2018). Work life balance initiatives, including PTO, are created in an effort to alleviate stress and have shown to improve overall life satisfaction (Blair-Loy & Wharton, 2002). However, the relationship between the work life initiatives and …
Workplace Telepressure And Workaholism: Ict Boundary Creation As A Potential Moderator, Emily Wilder, Shahnaz Aziz
Workplace Telepressure And Workaholism: Ict Boundary Creation As A Potential Moderator, Emily Wilder, Shahnaz Aziz
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The goal of this study is to investigate the relationships between workplace telepressure, workaholism, and information and communication technology (ICT) boundary creation. Workaholism is the compulsive need to work incessantly (Oates, 1971). It has been linked with adverse effects such as work stress, sleep problems, burnout, physical complaints, and lower mental health (Andreassen et al., 2018; Clark et al., 2016). A work-related construct associated with similar negative outcomes (e.g., physical exhaustion, burnout, sleep problems, and poor work-life balance; Barber et al., 2019; Kao et al., 2020; Santuzzi & Barber, 2018) is workplace telepressure. Workplace telepressure is the urge and preoccupation …
Appraisal-Tendency Framework And Gender: A Moderator In The Emotions And Judgement Process, Sarah Tucker, Alexander T. Jackson, Satoris Howes, Kaitlyn Berry
Appraisal-Tendency Framework And Gender: A Moderator In The Emotions And Judgement Process, Sarah Tucker, Alexander T. Jackson, Satoris Howes, Kaitlyn Berry
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The study aims to clarify and understand the role that gender has on perceptions of justice through placement of blame and emotion. The Appraisal Tendency Framework explains how emotion impacts judgements, and the fairness theory explores how blame placement affects perceptions of justice. This research explores the impact of gender on both models. This study will utilize a 2 (emotional induction) x 2 (gender of actor) design. In the emotional induction portion, participants will view clips from movies to induce either sadness or anger. Following the video clip, all participants will be asked to write about a time they either …
Y'All Ain't Fair: Discrimination Against Southern Accents In Hiring Decisions, Brenna Armfield
Y'All Ain't Fair: Discrimination Against Southern Accents In Hiring Decisions, Brenna Armfield
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
This research proposal investigates how southern accents impact hiring decisions. Specifically, it examines whether an applicant with a neutral American accent will be hired at a higher rate than an applicant with a southern accent. Perceived professionalism, competence, and intelligence are suggested mediators for the relationship between accent and hiring decision. Additionally, it is hypothesized that perceived similarity and geographical location will moderate the relationship between accent and evaluations related to hiring (professionalism, competence, and intelligence). Participants will be sampled from a geographically diverse range of universities and randomly assigned to one of four conditions: female applicant with a neutral …
The Disgust Sensitivity Scale, Ivory Tran
The Disgust Sensitivity Scale, Ivory Tran
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
This study proposes a new measure of disgust sensitivity, specifically in four domains: core, animal-reminder, contamination-based, and moral-sexual disgust. The measure will be called the Disgust Sensitivity Scale (DSS). Previous measures have not been successful in showing an association between the moral-sexual disgust domain and overall disgust sensitivity. One of the suggested reasons is that moral and sexual transgressions often elicit a combination of anger and disgust rather than disgust alone. Thus, the current study attempts to measure moral-sexual disgust by designing test items that specifically target disgust as the elicited emotion. As the Disgust Scale – Revised (DS–R) is …
Using The Job Demands-Resources Model To Predict Burnout In Police Officers In The Uk And The Us, Jackie Keaton, Kristen J. Black, Jonathan Houdmont
Using The Job Demands-Resources Model To Predict Burnout In Police Officers In The Uk And The Us, Jackie Keaton, Kristen J. Black, Jonathan Houdmont
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model has been used in a number of research studies to predict burnout among human service professionals, including police officers. Rates of burnout among police officers can vary widely between countries and types of officers, which necessitates further exploration of the workplace stressors and conditions that impact how and why police officers experience burnout. In this study I will examine data from two samples of police officers, one from the United Kingdom and one from the United States, to explore if certain demands and resources have different weights in contributing to burnout for police officers in …
Linking Psychology Curriculum With Career Skills: The Faculty Perspective, Andrea Montoya, Jenna Hochstetler, Alexa Sterling, Kelly Gardner, Shawn Bergman
Linking Psychology Curriculum With Career Skills: The Faculty Perspective, Andrea Montoya, Jenna Hochstetler, Alexa Sterling, Kelly Gardner, Shawn Bergman
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The popularity of the psychology degree among undergraduate students demonstrates the widespread appeal of a degree that incorporates an understanding of social constructs, behaviorism, individual motivations, empirical research designs, levels of statistical analysis, and a deeper understanding of problem-solving. Despite the various skills psychology students gain in their training, these students are chronically unemployed in the workforce. One possible reason for their unemployment may be that many psychology students and graduates struggle to identify transferable skills acquired from their core undergraduate psychology courses and relate to potential employers. The proposed study aims to address this gap by developing and administering …
App Vs Covid, Logan Wellersdick, Samantha Daniels, Aaron Carpenter, Ava Young, Connor Linden, Royale Nicholson, Timothy Ludwig
App Vs Covid, Logan Wellersdick, Samantha Daniels, Aaron Carpenter, Ava Young, Connor Linden, Royale Nicholson, Timothy Ludwig
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Across the world, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is changing the landscape of the way in which people live and behave. Practicing infection control behaviors as set forth by the CDC, WHO, and other public health organizations is imperative on college campuses around the country where population density is high and frequent interactions are practiced by students. Behavioral interventions have been documented to work in industry to reduce injury, as well as in health promotion and infection prevention; therefore, behavioral interventions are predicted to be effective in slowing the spread of COVID-19. While most studies are looking at the outcomes of …