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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
New Insights Into Corruption: Paradoxical Effects Of Approach-Orientation For Powerholders, Mindi Sara Rock
New Insights Into Corruption: Paradoxical Effects Of Approach-Orientation For Powerholders, Mindi Sara Rock
Open Access Dissertations
Does power lead to corruption (Kipnis, 1972), and if so, why? Here, a novel mechanism is proposed for understanding the complex relationship between power and corruption by incorporating recent work on morality (Janoff-Bulman, Sheikh, & Hepp, 2009). By bridging the power, self-regulation, and morality literatures we proposed that powerful individuals, because of their approach tendencies, are oriented more towards moral prescriptions or “shoulds” and thus focus more on moral acts and moral intentions while minimizing the importance of moral proscriptions (neglect pathway). We proposed an alternative path to corruption for powerholders via moral self-regard. Powerholders, because of their …
Resilience In School, Milka Ndura
Resilience In School, Milka Ndura
Master's Capstone Projects
This study explores the factors that motivate students to perform well in the national examination at their basic primary education level despite the unlikely environment to support this success in Kibera slums, Kenya. In the current situation in Kenya, national examinations are used as a basis of distributing the fewer than students slots in secondary school, despite the different circumstances facing each candidate, passing of the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education is still an important factor that determines a child’s eligibility to attend secondary school. Students enrolled in Kenyan primary school system take the same national exams regardless of the …
Error-Related Brain Activity Reveals Self-Centric Motivation: Culture Matters, Shinobu Kitayama, Jiyoung Park
Error-Related Brain Activity Reveals Self-Centric Motivation: Culture Matters, Shinobu Kitayama, Jiyoung Park
Psychological and Brain Sciences Faculty Publication Series
To secure the interest of the personal self (vs. social others) is considered a fundamental human motive, but the nature of the motivation to secure the self-interest is not well understood. To address this issue, we assessed electrocortical responses of European Americans and Asians as they performed a flanker task while instructed to earn as many reward points as possible either for the self or for their same-sex friend. For European Americans, error-related negativity (ERN)-an event-related-potential component contingent on error responses--was significantly greater in the self condition than in the friend condition. Moreover, post-error slowing--an index of cognitive control to …