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Articles 1 - 30 of 60
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
2008 U.S. Presidential Election: Persuasive Youtube Interactions About War, Health Care, And The Economy, Lindsey Zimmerman
2008 U.S. Presidential Election: Persuasive Youtube Interactions About War, Health Care, And The Economy, Lindsey Zimmerman
Psychology Theses
Persuasive appeals posted to United States presidential candidates’ YouTube videos were coded using a grounded theory mixed-methods design. 37,562 comments about education, energy, Iraq, health care, the economy, and the presidential debates were randomly collected by date and time for three studies using coding analysis: pilot, presidential primaries, and the presidential election. Seven argument types were identified and theoretically refined according to dual process models of persuasion: reason-based, candidate-based, emotion-based, endorsements, enthusiasmheuristic, other-interest and self-interest. Theoretical comparisons and hypothesis testing of argument types were conducted by issue and election event. Consistent with impression involvement, reason-based appeals were more frequent during …
The Assessment Cyberguide For Learning Goals And Outcomes, Thomas Pusateri, Jane S. Halonen, Bill Hill, Maureen Mccarthy
The Assessment Cyberguide For Learning Goals And Outcomes, Thomas Pusateri, Jane S. Halonen, Bill Hill, Maureen Mccarthy
Faculty Articles
The CyberGuide serves as a companion resource for implementing the APA Guidelines for the Undergraduate Major in Psychology. These resources should aid psychology departments and their faculty to design the most appropriate and effective assessment plans. We have organized this Cyberguide into four parts that will assist departments in developing assessment plans: I. Understanding Assessment: Departmental, Institutional, Educational, and Societal Perspectives II. Designing Viable Assessment Plans III. Sustaining an Assessment Culture IV. Applying Assessment Strategies in Psychology
Modeling Change Over Time: Conceptualization, Measurement, Analysis, And Interpretation, David Chan
Modeling Change Over Time: Conceptualization, Measurement, Analysis, And Interpretation, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The objective of this research report is to provide a state-of-the art review of the issues and methods relating to the modeling of change over time. The focus is on the quantitative assessment of the concept of change of time, which includes issues of conceptualization, measurement, data analysis, and interpretation. The rationale and motivation for this research originated from the author?s observations (specifically in the past decade in the capacities of journal editor, reviewer, symposium discussant, and workshop leader) on the need for a comprehensive and relatively non-technical reference on and integration of various issues in the modeling of change …
Adult Sexual Adjustment After Experiencing Sexual Abuse In Childhood, Liliana G. Moyers-Ruiz
Adult Sexual Adjustment After Experiencing Sexual Abuse In Childhood, Liliana G. Moyers-Ruiz
Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA
A sample of 465 Junior and Senior college students was tested at the University of Texas-Pan American to test our primary hypothesis that argues that individual who had suffered CSA rely more on cybersex activities as a means of sexual gratification to cope with the long term effects of sexual abuse as a result of adulthood sexual maladjustment, as opposed to individual who did not suffered CSA. The statistical analyses performed failed to reject the null hypothesis of this thesis that the experience of CSA has no effect on adult use of internet cybersex. Further research is suggested using measures …
From Thought To Action In School Mental Health Promotion, Mark D. Weist
From Thought To Action In School Mental Health Promotion, Mark D. Weist
Faculty Publications
In the global mental health movement, school mental health (SMH) promotion is an increasingly prominent approach and emerging field. Here, we chronicle the development of three innovations in SMH in the United States, from the early idea stage through development, current status and future directions. The innovations are The Ohio Mental Health Network for School Success, a prominent state initiative that is attempting to build a cogent shared school-family-community system agenda for SMH in one state, Expanded School Mental Health in Baltimore City, a prominent local initiative that has grown from involvement in four to 105 schools in 20 years, …
Trajectory Of Quality Of Life In Advanced Parkinson's Patients Receiving Bilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation, Karl S. Chiang
Trajectory Of Quality Of Life In Advanced Parkinson's Patients Receiving Bilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation, Karl S. Chiang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Quality of Life (QOL) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients after Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) neurosurgery generally improves between 3 to 24 months post-operatively. However, QOL beyond 2 year follow-up is generally unknown. This study examined the QOL in 16 advanced PD patients who received DBS at an average of 7.5 year follow-up with the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Participants had an average Disease Duration of 20.57 years (SD 5.7) and a mean Age of 63.50 (SD 8.05). Linear regression analyses suggested a constellation of changes involving Time, Age, and Disease Duration. As Time progressed since DBS intervention, the PDQ-39 Cognitions …
The Relationship Between Darkness Of Skin Tone And Mediators Of Elevated Blood Pressure, Brandy Trevino
The Relationship Between Darkness Of Skin Tone And Mediators Of Elevated Blood Pressure, Brandy Trevino
Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA
Numerous studies have found that blood pressure is higher in persons with darker skin tone but the reasons for this remain unclear. This study attempted to investigate this relationship in Hispanics. If such a relationship was found, then it will be addressed whether or not one or more mediators, e.g., hostility, locus of control and perceived racial discrimination mediated the relationship. No such relationship between darkness of skin tone and blood pressure was found. However, statistically significant positive relationships between perceived racial discrimination, locus of control, and hostility were revealed. Discussion of these results focused on the plausible explanation of …
Racial Discrimination, Skin Tone, Locus Of Control, And Acculturation Among Mennonite Latino/As Of The Rio Grande Valley, Nancy Rivera
Racial Discrimination, Skin Tone, Locus Of Control, And Acculturation Among Mennonite Latino/As Of The Rio Grande Valley, Nancy Rivera
Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA
This study assessed the relationship between perceived racial discrimination, and skin tone, locus of control and acculturation among Latino/a Mennonites of the Rio Grande Valley. Eighty nine Latino/a Mennonites were recruited. The following measures were used: Schedule of Racist Events, Intrinsic Spirituality Scale, a short version of the revised Acculturation Scale for Mexican Americans-II, and Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. A window tint meter assessed skin tone. Multiple regression analysis and multivariate analysis of variance was used to determine how rates of perceived discrimination among Mennonite Latinos/as were related to skin tone, locus of control and acculturation. The results …
Overcoming The Challenges: Toward A Truly Theistic Psychology?, Brent S. Melling
Overcoming The Challenges: Toward A Truly Theistic Psychology?, Brent S. Melling
Theses and Dissertations
Several psychologists have attempted to articulate a theistic psychology or one consonant with their religious beliefs. Unfortunately, confusion over the concept of theism and a persistent naturalism in the discipline create substantial obstacles towards achieving a serious theistic psychology. It is suggested that these challenges can be overcome through examining alternative philosophies and methodologies for scientific psychology, exploring seminal articulations of God's activity, and providing a practical example of a theistic psychological research program.
Annotated Bibliography: Parental Incarceration, Kolina J. Delgado
Annotated Bibliography: Parental Incarceration, Kolina J. Delgado
Psychology Student Publications
This annotated bibliography focuses on psychology sources dealing with parental incarceration.
Ohio Women In Psychology: A Biographical Account Of Mary Henle And Janet Taylor Spence, Kolina J. Delgado
Ohio Women In Psychology: A Biographical Account Of Mary Henle And Janet Taylor Spence, Kolina J. Delgado
Psychology Student Publications
In conducting a review of major contributors to the field of psychology, one would undoubtedly come across the names Mary Henle and Janet Taylor Spence. Not only were these two psychologists instrumental in the development of the field but they were also faced with challenges inexperienced by many of their colleagues. These challenges were due simply to the fact that they were women in a male dominated field and within a greater context, a male dominated society. In addition to their shared gender, these women have in common that they are both natives of Ohio. The current paper will provide …
Detection Of Malingering Via Cognitive Cues, Birgit M. Smart
Detection Of Malingering Via Cognitive Cues, Birgit M. Smart
Doctoral Dissertations
Malingering is a frequently encountered problem of faking psychological or physiological symptoms or exaggerating existing conditions for external gain. Malingerers typically are seen in clinical and forensic settings and create a burden to our society due to loss of economic resources or professional time. The impact of malingering is difficult to calculate due to problems with identifying actual cases of malingering. Psychological tests traditionally have been used in the assessment of malingering. Despite major improvements in instruments and clinical interviewing techniques, however, no failsafe assessment tool has been identified for the accurate detection of malingering. Cognitive studies of lie detection …
Perirhinal Cortex Contributes To Accuracy In Recognition Memory And Perceptual Discriminations., Edward B O'Neil, Anthony D Cate, Stefan Köhler
Perirhinal Cortex Contributes To Accuracy In Recognition Memory And Perceptual Discriminations., Edward B O'Neil, Anthony D Cate, Stefan Köhler
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
The prevailing view of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) holds that its structures are dedicated to long-term declarative memory. Recent evidence challenges this position, suggesting that perirhinal cortex (PRc) in the MTL may also play a role in perceptual discriminations of stimuli with substantial visual feature overlap. Relevant neuropsychological findings in humans have been inconclusive, likely because studies have relied on patients with large and variable MTL lesions. Here, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in healthy individuals to determine whether PRc shows a performance-related involvement in perceptual oddball judgments that is comparable to its established role in …
Euthanasia-Related Strain And Coping Strategies In Animal Shelter Employees, Benjamin E. Baran, Joseph A. Allen, Steven G. Rogelberg, Christiane Spitzmüller, Natalie A. Digiacomo, Jennifer B. Webb, Nathan T. Carter, Olga L. Clark, Lisa A. Teeter, Alan G. Walker
Euthanasia-Related Strain And Coping Strategies In Animal Shelter Employees, Benjamin E. Baran, Joseph A. Allen, Steven G. Rogelberg, Christiane Spitzmüller, Natalie A. Digiacomo, Jennifer B. Webb, Nathan T. Carter, Olga L. Clark, Lisa A. Teeter, Alan G. Walker
Psychology Faculty Publications
Objective—To identify and evaluate coping strategies advocated by experienced animal shelter workers who directly engaged in euthanizing animals.
Design—Cross-sectional study.
Sample Population—Animal shelters across the United States in which euthanasia was conducted (5 to 100 employees/shelter).
Procedures—With the assistance of experts associated with the Humane Society of the United States, the authors identified 88 animal shelters throughout the United States in which animal euthanasia was actively conducted and for which contact information regarding the shelter director was available. Staff at 62 animal shelters agreed to participate in the survey. Survey packets were mailed to the 62 …
The Psychophysiology Of Self-Defining Memories, Rachel K. Hess
The Psychophysiology Of Self-Defining Memories, Rachel K. Hess
Psychology Honors Papers
Throughout the past 15 years, researchers have explored self-defining memories within the larger category of autobiographical memories (Conway, Singer, & Tagini, 2004; Singer, 2005; Singer & Salovey, 2003; Wood & Conway, 2006). Other researchers have examined the physiological reactions to various stimuli, some related to autobiographical memory (Gross & Levenson, 1997; Levenson & Gottman, 1983; Philippot, Schaefer, & Herbette, 2003; Schaefer & Philippot, 2005; Schwartz, Weinberger, & Singer, 1981). The present study is the first experiment to investigate the relationship of physiological correlates to self-defining memories. This study had participants generate their own self-defining and autobiographical memories, and recall them, …
Exploring Web 2.0 Technologies To Internationalize The Teaching Of Psychology, Richard Velayo
Exploring Web 2.0 Technologies To Internationalize The Teaching Of Psychology, Richard Velayo
Cornerstone 3 Reports : Interdisciplinary Informatics
This project aims to explore effective ways in which instructors in psychology through the use of Web 2.0 technologies in teaching help with this “internationalization” initiative. Though the focus of this pilot project is the psychology curriculum, an investigation of the ways in which Internet-based technologies are used to internationalize curriculum in other disciplines will also be explored.
Sociological And Psychological Predispositions To Serial Murder, Katie Marie Krueger
Sociological And Psychological Predispositions To Serial Murder, Katie Marie Krueger
Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection
This paper looks specifically at the true definition of a serial killer, attempting to clarify the misleading depiction that has come from the media influence. Twenty-one people, including infamous murderers such as Ted Bundy and Jeffrey Dahmer, as well as more obscure killers, such as Carl Panzram, were studied in depth. Data was gathered from a variety of published sources on each convicted serial killer focusing on his/her life prior to the beginning of the killing spree. Unlike previous research on the topic, this investigation looked at a larger sample of serial killers, as well as a more complete set …
Perceptions Of Spirituality And Perceptions Of God Image: A Qualitative Study, Christopher Elson Peck
Perceptions Of Spirituality And Perceptions Of God Image: A Qualitative Study, Christopher Elson Peck
Theses and Dissertations
The vast majority of people living in the U.S. report that spirituality is an important part of their life. Ironically, the field of psychology has largely ignored the spiritual beliefs and experiences that so many people see as central to their well-being. Empirical study of spirituality, along with people's differing perceptions of their relationship to God, is a viable area of study for psychologists. This dissertation examines both spirituality and God image and the relationship between these two constructs using qualitative hermeneutic analysis. Findings showed a difficulty defining spirituality among other themes. Findings also showed that individuals' experiences with God …
Identity: Theory And Clinical Implications, Kolina J. Delgado
Identity: Theory And Clinical Implications, Kolina J. Delgado
Psychology Student Publications
The term identity refers to how one defines the self. As can probably be inferred based on the previous statement, the concept of identity formation is complex. Scholars from several schools of thought have hypothesized about identity for centuries, yet the concept of identity development remains an elusive one to say the least. The lack of consensus regarding what the term 'identity' encompasses has made research endeavors rather difficult. Nevertheless, there is an extensive literature base on identity and selfhood, making it all but impossible to provide an exhaustive review within the confines of one paper. Therefore, the current paper …
Social Psychology In Action: A Critical Analysis Of Alive, Kolina J. Delgado
Social Psychology In Action: A Critical Analysis Of Alive, Kolina J. Delgado
Psychology Student Publications
Frank Marshall's 1993 film Alive captures several key theories of social psychology. The film depicts a true story of a Uruguayan rugby team, who together with friends and family were crossing the Andes Mountains to play a game with neighboring Chile when their plane crashed, leaving them stranded. Twenty-nine people survived the plane crash but only sixteen survived a treacherous seventy days atop the mountain before they were rescued. During their time in the snow covered Andes Mountains the group had to make difficult decisions in order to survive. This paper seeks to provide a thorough analysis of a several …
Personality And Cardiovascular Disease: Implications For Assessment, Kolina J. Delgado
Personality And Cardiovascular Disease: Implications For Assessment, Kolina J. Delgado
Psychology Student Publications
The term cardiovascular disease refers to several diseases of the cardiovascular system such as coronary heart disease (CHD), coronary artery disease, high blood pressure (HBP), and stroke. According to the American Heart Association (AHA, 2009), CVD has been responsible for more American deaths each year than any other cause of death since the year 1900. The most recent data suggests that 2400 Americans die of CVD per day, averaging to one death every 37 seconds. Furthermore, the AHA reports that 1 in 3 Americans are currently living with one or more forms of CVD. There has been vast research into …
Deconstructing The Psychopath: A Critical Discursive Analysis, Cary H. Federman, Dave Holmes, Jean Daniel Jacob
Deconstructing The Psychopath: A Critical Discursive Analysis, Cary H. Federman, Dave Holmes, Jean Daniel Jacob
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
She loved accidents: any mention of an animal run over, a man cut to pieces by a train, was bound to make her rush to the spot. The spectacle of the wounded body has always had its lurid attractions. Coverage of serial killings and graphic accounts of brutal murders by various media is part of our “spectacular” culture fascinated by violence and brutality. The television is often the site where private desire and public fantasy meet, and where the fascination regarding dangerous offenders is initiated and nurtured (Knox, 17–18; Lesser). The convening of the public around scenes of violence represents …
Archetypal Energies, The Emergence Of Obama As A Practical Idealist, And Global Transformation, Carroy U. Ferguson
Archetypal Energies, The Emergence Of Obama As A Practical Idealist, And Global Transformation, Carroy U. Ferguson
Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.
During this time of change, AHP and kindred spirits on the edge have important roles to play. We are the keepers and nurturers of a transformative and evolutionary Vision for Consciousness and a more humane world. At issue is what I will call the “psychic politics” for global transformation, nurtured by practical idealism and the Archetypal Energies. In other writings, I have described Archetypal Energies as Higher Vibrational Energies, operating deep within our individual and collective psyches, which have their own transcendent value, purpose, quality, and “voice”, unique to the individual. We experience them as “creative urges” to move us …
The Psychological Impacts Of Long-Term Unemployment, Sex Differences And Activity: A Case Study Analysis, Juanita Muller, Brian Delahaye, Sharon Winocur, Richard Hicks
The Psychological Impacts Of Long-Term Unemployment, Sex Differences And Activity: A Case Study Analysis, Juanita Muller, Brian Delahaye, Sharon Winocur, Richard Hicks
Richard Hicks
There is renewed interest in the use of qualitative methods in the unemployment research arena to provide a richer understanding of the unemployment experience. This study is designed to investigate the effects of long-term unemployment on psychological well-being, sex differences and the effects of participating in 'activity' using a case study methodology. Findings from ten semi-structured interviews with people, unemployed between 12 and 36 months, showed that psychological distress, depression and life satisfaction were the most affected psychological variables. Financial difficulties also have a major impact on psychological well-being. The social policy implications from this study suggest that women may …
The Positive Role Of Negative Emotions: Fear, Anxiety, Conflict And Resistance As Productive Experiences In Academic Study And In The Emergence Of Learner Autonomy, Jaya Kannan, John Laurence Miller
The Positive Role Of Negative Emotions: Fear, Anxiety, Conflict And Resistance As Productive Experiences In Academic Study And In The Emergence Of Learner Autonomy, Jaya Kannan, John Laurence Miller
CTL Publications
Although affect is widely recognized as a powerful force in determining students’ academic success, researchers and practitioners have paid little attention to emotional barriers that often impede college success or how instructors may respond constructively when such barriers arise. The purpose of this paper is to initiate discussion of this important problem by offering a model of how an initially resistant, fearful, and/or anxious student can use emotionally unpleasant experiences to transform himself or herself into a more autonomous and successful learner. We offer prima facie support for this model by presenting the results of two cases of first year …
A Longitudinal Investigation Of The Relationships Amongst Antibody Response To Influenza Vaccination, Affect, And Stress In The Elderly, Joanne Hash-Converse
A Longitudinal Investigation Of The Relationships Amongst Antibody Response To Influenza Vaccination, Affect, And Stress In The Elderly, Joanne Hash-Converse
Psychology
We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships amongst affect, stress exposure, and antibody (Ab) response to influenza inoculation in a healthy, elderly sample. We explored both efferent (CNS on immune activity) and afferent (immune activity on CNS function) pathways. Negative (NA) and positive (PA) affective states were examined in relation to Ab response, positing that high baseline NA (State, SNA, but not Trait, TNA) would predict reduced Ab response and that PA would predict enhanced response, and that the reduced Ab response in individuals displaying high baseline SNA would associate with decreases in NA. Moderator (for psychogenic and systemic stress) …
We Don’T Want To Hear It: Psychology, Literature And The Narrative Model Of Judging, Kenworthey Bilz
We Don’T Want To Hear It: Psychology, Literature And The Narrative Model Of Judging, Kenworthey Bilz
Kenworthey Bilz
The “narrative” model of legal judging argues that legal decision makers both do and should render judgments by assembling sensible sto-ries out of evidence (as opposed to using Bayesian-type, linear models). This model is usually understood to demand that before one may judge a situation, one must give the parties the opportunity to tell their story in a manner that invites, or at least allows, empathy from the judger. This Article refers to this as the “inclusionary approach” to the narrative model of judging. Using psychological research in emotions and perspective-taking and the more intuitive techniques of literary criticism, this …
Visions And Values: Ethical Reflections In A Jamesian Key, David E. Leary
Visions And Values: Ethical Reflections In A Jamesian Key, David E. Leary
Psychology Faculty Publications
The purpose of this article is to provide a quick survey of William James's views on the plurality of visions that humans have regarding reality, as a background for more extensive discussions of his views on the plurality of values that orient human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, as well as his views on the enactment of those values through active resistance to the ways things are and the risk-taking involved in striving to improve the human condition. Consonant with pluralism itself, I intend this discussion to open up rather than close off further considerations of James's views on ethics.
Between Pierce (1878) And James (1898): G. Stanley Hall, The Origins Of Pragmatism And The History Of Psychology, David E. Leary
Between Pierce (1878) And James (1898): G. Stanley Hall, The Origins Of Pragmatism And The History Of Psychology, David E. Leary
Psychology Faculty Publications
This article focuses on the 20-year gap between Charles S. Peirce's classic proposal of pragmatism in 1877-1878 and William James's equally classic call for pragmatism in 1898. It fills the gap by reviewing relevant developments in the work of Peirce and James and by introducing G. Stanley Hall, for the first time, as a figure in the history of pragmatism. In treating Hall and pragmatism, the article reveals a previously unnoted relation between the early history of pragmatism and the early history of the "new psychology" that Hall helped to pioneer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Influence Of Viewpoint And Object Detail In Blind People When Matching Pictures To Complex Objects, Morton A. Heller, Tara Riddle, Erin Fulkerson, Lindsay Wemple, Anne Mcclure Walk, Stephanie Guthrie, Crystal Kranz, Patricia Klaus
The Influence Of Viewpoint And Object Detail In Blind People When Matching Pictures To Complex Objects, Morton A. Heller, Tara Riddle, Erin Fulkerson, Lindsay Wemple, Anne Mcclure Walk, Stephanie Guthrie, Crystal Kranz, Patricia Klaus
Faculty Research and Creative Activity
We examined haptic viewpoint effects in blindfolded-sighted (BS) and visually impaired subjects: early blind (EB), late blind (LB), and very low vision (VLV). Participants felt complex objects and matched tangible pictures to them. In experiment 1, the EB and BS subjects had similar overall performance. Experiment 2 showed that the presence of a detail on the target object lowered performance in the BS subjects, and that matching accuracy was lower overall for top views for the blind subjects. In experiments 3 ^ 5, EB, LB, VLV, and BS subjects made judgments about perspective pictures of a model house with more …