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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Assessing Factors That Increase The Likelihood Of Naloxone Administration, Samantha Nagy
Assessing Factors That Increase The Likelihood Of Naloxone Administration, Samantha Nagy
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
For more than two decades, the opioid epidemic has swept through the United States and has caused thousands of deaths every year due to opioid overdose. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; 2019) has reported that since 1999, over 770,000 Americans have died from overdoses. Nearly 70% of deaths in 2018 were due to opioids, 47% of which were the result of fentanyl or a non-methadone opioid and 22% were the result of heroin (CDC, 2019). As policy and treatment protocols attempt to manage those who seek treatment, the pharmaceutical industry has developed a life-saving medication that gives …
The Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions, Self-Compassion, And Insomnia Severity, Gabriel Stanziano
The Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions, Self-Compassion, And Insomnia Severity, Gabriel Stanziano
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The goal of this study was to examine the relationships between cognitive distortions, self-compassion, and insomnia severity. Individuals were assessed using the Inventory of Cognitive Distortions (ICD), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Data were analyzed using a sample of 67 participants, ranging in age from 18 to 74. A simple linear regression analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis that cognitive distortions would be predictive of insomnia severity. The results were not significant. A multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis that the specific cognitive distortions of fortunetelling, labeling, and jumping to conclusions would be …
Medical Students' Knowledge, Confidence, And Empathy Towards Dementia And Caregiver Stress, Courtney Williamson
Medical Students' Knowledge, Confidence, And Empathy Towards Dementia And Caregiver Stress, Courtney Williamson
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Early diagnosis of dementia and dementia-related illnesses provides increased time for treatment, which is aimed at maintaining patient function and delaying decline (Teel, 2004). Empirical studies have shown a decline in empathy during undergraduate and graduate medical education (Hojat et al., 2009). This study examines differences between 2nd and 4th year Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) students’ knowledge, empathy and confidence in working with individuals diagnosed with dementia and addressing caregiver stress. Students from Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine completed an online survey which included the Knowledge in Dementia Scale (KIDE), Jefferson Scale …
Self-Compassion, Body Image Dissatisfaction, And Negative Social Comparisons In Adolescents Utilizing Social Networking Sites, Brian Moran
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This quantitative survey study implemented a cross-sectional, correlational design. The present study explored the relationship between self-compassion, body image, and negative social comparisons in a sample consisting of adolescents who use social networking sites. Despite noteworthy limitations, this study elucidates the benefits associated with higher levels of self-compassion in adolescence. In line with previous studies, adolescents reported frequent use of social networking sites, primarily facilitated by smartphones. Although the constant accessibility of social networking sites via smartphones has been associated with negative outcomes, an important finding in this study was the lack of significant relationship between overall time spent on …
Neurologists’ Emotional Experiences In Caring For Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study, Ashley E.P. Hennessey
Neurologists’ Emotional Experiences In Caring For Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study, Ashley E.P. Hennessey
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, with a reported incidence of 2 in 100,000 people in Western countries, that has no known cure and results in death. The life expectancy for patients with ALS is approximately 3 years. This study utilized a qualitative research design to explore neurologists’ experiences in caring for patients with ALS and their families. A semistructured interview was conducted with 11 neuromuscular neurologists who treat patients with ALS. This study explored their perceived challenges of caring for patients with ALS and their caregivers, coping strategies for work-related stress, training …
Medical Students' Recognition Of Patients' Behavioral Health Needs, Jason J. Jaegly
Medical Students' Recognition Of Patients' Behavioral Health Needs, Jason J. Jaegly
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This dissertation study is designed to add to the knowledge base about physician training in the integrated primary care environment by examining if relationships exist between students’ years of training in an osteopathic medical school, empathy in patient-care situations, stigma toward people with mental illness, and attitudes toward collaborative care for behavioral health. In addition, the relationships between medical students’ attitudes toward collaborative care for behavioral health, factors that influence their referral decision making, recognition of a hypothetical patient in need of a potential behavioral health referral, current year in medical training, and demographic characteristics were explored. This is important …
The Influence Of Positive And Negative Death Attitudes On Medical Students' Empathy And Attitudes Toward End-Of-Life Care, Elizabeth Palumbo
The Influence Of Positive And Negative Death Attitudes On Medical Students' Empathy And Attitudes Toward End-Of-Life Care, Elizabeth Palumbo
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional survey research design in order to examine the relationships between medical students’ death attitudes, empathy, and attitudes toward end-of-life care. The participants were 206 medical students currently enrolled in the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine program at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia campus. Results indicated that there were no significant differences in the level of empathy between medical students who held strong positive death attitudes and medical students with strong negative death attitudes. However, results indicated that significant differences existed in attitudes toward end-of-life care between medical students who held strong positive death …
Effect Of Medical Education On Empathy In Osteopathic Medical Students, Adam J. Mctighe
Effect Of Medical Education On Empathy In Osteopathic Medical Students, Adam J. Mctighe
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Empathy is an integral component of the physician-patient relationship and involves a cognitive and emotional ability to connect with others in a meaningful fashion. To date, only two studies exist using osteopathic medical student samples while multiple studies have shown that allopathic student empathy declines significantly during year 3. Similar results were not found in the osteopathic samples; however, the designs used were cross-sectional, while allopathic studies were longitudinal. The current study utilized a mixed methods approach that included cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, the first to do so within an osteopathic medical student population. The present study investigated empathy levels …
The Effects Of Yoga With Meditation (Ywm) On Self-Criticism, Self-Compassion, And Mindfulness, Kelly Newby
The Effects Of Yoga With Meditation (Ywm) On Self-Criticism, Self-Compassion, And Mindfulness, Kelly Newby
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study investigated the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention, Yoga with Meditation (YWM), on self-criticism, self-compassion, and mindfulness in a graduate student population. When compared to a control group, the experimental group reported decreased self-criticism, and increased self-compassion and mindfulness. The experimental group consisted of graduate students interested in participating in weekly yoga and meditation classes over the course of a two-month time period. Each participant was encouraged to complete self-report measures prior to the first YWM session, and after the completion of each YWM class. Baseline and post-intervention scores of 24 individuals who attended at least four of the …
An Examination Of The Moderating Effects Of Perceived Quality Of Life On The Relationship Between Empathy, Motivation, And Specialty Choice Among Medical Students, Michael B. Klein
An Examination Of The Moderating Effects Of Perceived Quality Of Life On The Relationship Between Empathy, Motivation, And Specialty Choice Among Medical Students, Michael B. Klein
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The number of medical students opting to specialize in primary care has decreased in recent years. Research suggests that empathy, perceived quality of life, and motivation are significant factors in choosing a specialty. The purpose of this study was to determine whether perceived quality of life moderates the relationship between level of empathy and motivation among medical students, and how that affects their final specialty choice. Participants included 174 third- and fourth-year medical students between the ages of 22 and 36 years at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. Medical students were given an online survey, which included a demographic …