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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Miniature Aerial Photography Planes In Mine Action, Inna Cruz, Daniel Eriksson
Miniature Aerial Photography Planes In Mine Action, Inna Cruz, Daniel Eriksson
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining analyzed the benefits, potential uses and cost efficiency of miniature aerial photography planes for use in mine action.
Reinforcement For Operational Mine Detection Rats, Amanda Mahoney, Christophe Cox, Bart Weetjens, Tess Tewelde, Tekimiti Gilbert, Amy Durgin, Alan Poling
Reinforcement For Operational Mine Detection Rats, Amanda Mahoney, Christophe Cox, Bart Weetjens, Tess Tewelde, Tekimiti Gilbert, Amy Durgin, Alan Poling
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
When using animals for the detection of landmines, handlers face challenges of when to reinforce indication responses, as the actual location of landmines in the field is unknown. Anti-Persoonsmijnen Ontmijnende Product Ontwikkeling(Anti-Personnel Landmine Detection Product Development or APOPO) evaluated an inexpensive method to reinforce rat-indication responses in field settings using TNT to contaminate ground area. Rat detection accuracy was high over the TNT contamination after an overnight soak period of 16 hours and detection accuracy decreased as a function of days passed since soaking.
Demining Quality Management: Case Studies From Jordan, Jamal Odibat
Demining Quality Management: Case Studies From Jordan, Jamal Odibat
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Two case studies of clearance in the Jordan Valley and along Jordan’s northern border highlight the importance of quality management to ensure efficiency of clearance and credibility of land release.
From Church Mission To Invention, Gary Christ
From Church Mission To Invention, Gary Christ
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
After a mission trip to improve the sanitation needs of orphanages in Cambodia, Gary Christ recognized the great need for a better demining machine and developed the “Peacehammer.”
Wwii Cleanup: Munitions Contaminate German Seas, News Brief
Wwii Cleanup: Munitions Contaminate German Seas, News Brief
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
During World War II Nazi forces began dumping chemical and conventional weapons in the ocean to avoid devastation by enemy aerial bombings. Following the Nazi Party's unconditional surrender in May 1945, the Allied powers continued with this practice to dispose of German arsenals.
Addressing Underwater Ordnance Stockpiles In Cambodia, Allen D. Tan
Addressing Underwater Ordnance Stockpiles In Cambodia, Allen D. Tan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Cambodian rivers and tributaries contain vast amounts of munitions from sunken watercraft, and the task of locating and extracting these munitions is difficult. In response, Golden West Humanitarian Foundation designed a rigorous diver preparation course to train Cambodian nationals in advanced diving skills and basic recovery procedures needed to organize effective explosive ordnance salvage teams.
A Stand-Off Seismo-Acoustic Method For Humanitarian Demining, Marian Bechtel
A Stand-Off Seismo-Acoustic Method For Humanitarian Demining, Marian Bechtel
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Using seismo-acoustics to detect landmines may be an efficient and cost-effective demining method. It may also work in wet soils and allow discrimination between mines and metallic clutter. Bechtel, as a junior in high school, was a finalist in the 2012 Intel Talent Search for her research on seismo-acoustic detection and was invited to present at the second annual U.S. White House Science Fair.
Abandoned Ordnance In Libya: Threats To Civilians And Recommended Responses, Bonnie Docherty, Anna Crowe
Abandoned Ordnance In Libya: Threats To Civilians And Recommended Responses, Bonnie Docherty, Anna Crowe
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In a report released in August 2012, “Explosive Situation: Qaddafi's Abandoned Weapons and the Threat to Libya's Civilians,” researchers from Harvard Law School's International Human Rights Clinic (IHRC) examined Libya's abandoned ordnance problem and its humanitarian consequences for the local population. Based on field and desk research, the report documents the threats these weapons pose, analyzes steps to address them and offers recommendations to minimize civilian harm. IHRC co-published the report with the Center for Civilians in Conflict (formerly CIVIC) and the Center for American Progress. In this article, two of the report's authors summarize its 2012 findings and recommendations.
Cluster Munition Remnant Survey In Laos, Michael Creighton, Atle Karlsen, Mohammed Qasim
Cluster Munition Remnant Survey In Laos, Michael Creighton, Atle Karlsen, Mohammed Qasim
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
As the most heavily bombed country per capita in the world, clearance of cluster munition remnants is a long and ongoing process in Laos. Norwegian People’s Aid developed a survey methodology to address the unique challenges posed by cluster munition contamination.
Going Mobile: Information Sharing And The Changing Face Of Digital Data Collection, Edward Lajoie
Going Mobile: Information Sharing And The Changing Face Of Digital Data Collection, Edward Lajoie
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Effective crisis management requires current and credible information archives, but with limited resources and mobility, gathering such information proves difficult for humanitarian aid organizations and policymakers. Accessing real-time information means having the right tools at your disposal, and technology platforms like Frontline SMS and Ushahidi enable organizations to do just that at no cost.
Land Release In Action, Emanuela Cepolina, Andy Smith
Land Release In Action, Emanuela Cepolina, Andy Smith
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
As part of the EU-funded TIRAMISU project, the author conducted a comprehensive survey of land release procedures in six countries during 2012. The results show that expectations of technical survey machines should be defined and standardized through tests and evaluations.
Analyzing Functionality Of Landmines And Clearance Depth As A Tool To Define Clearance Methodology, Martin Jebens
Analyzing Functionality Of Landmines And Clearance Depth As A Tool To Define Clearance Methodology, Martin Jebens
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Mine contamination from World War II remains in Skallingen on Denmark’s western coast. Skallingen’s dynamic coastal environment caused the mines to shift in the soil, and time, salt water and soil depth rendered some of the landmines inactive. Comparative digital-terrain models, in addition to surveys and analysis of fuze and detonator functionality, enabled clearance personnel to establish clearance depth and related criteria and facilitated efficient clearance efforts. As a result, the last functional mines were cleared in June 2012 after six years of effort.
Building Capacity To Clear Erw In Georgia, Gvantsa Kvinikadze
Building Capacity To Clear Erw In Georgia, Gvantsa Kvinikadze
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
From October 2010 to September 2012, NATO’s Georgia Explosive Remnants of War and Medical Rehabilitation Partnership for Peace project provided extensive explosive ordnance disposal training to the Georgian Military Engineering Brigade and supplied needed medical rehabilitation equipment to Gori Military Hospital.
The Journal Of Erw And Mine Action Issue 17.1 (2013), Cisr Journal
The Journal Of Erw And Mine Action Issue 17.1 (2013), Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Clearance Operations | Gender and Age Issues | Notes from the Field | Research and Development
Minesweepers: Towards A Landmine-Free Egypt, An Outdoor Humanitarian Demining Robotic Competition, Alaa Khamis
Minesweepers: Towards A Landmine-Free Egypt, An Outdoor Humanitarian Demining Robotic Competition, Alaa Khamis
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Listed as one of the most contaminated countries in the world, Egypt has an estimated 22.7 million landmines and other explosive remnants of war. In order to foster the research, development and application of robotics in humanitarian demining in Egypt, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Robotics and Automation Society – Egypt Chapter organized Minesweepers: Towards a Landmine-Free Egypt, an outdoor robotic competition hosted by the German University in Cairo from 15–17 September 2012.
Legal Aspects Of The Land Release Process, Pehr Lodhammar
Legal Aspects Of The Land Release Process, Pehr Lodhammar
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article explores areas of liability in mine action operations. It defines the concept of residual risk after completion of survey and clearance efforts and presents methods of assigning responsibility for it. The author offers further legal considerations in mine action, including the extent to which contractors are liable for their equipment, employees and the cleared land both during and after operations as well as the process by which national mine action standards are incorporated into the legal liability of all concerned actors.
Detecting And Classifying Uxo, Laurens Beran, Barry Zelt, Stephen Billings
Detecting And Classifying Uxo, Laurens Beran, Barry Zelt, Stephen Billings
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article presents state-of-the-art unexploded ordnance detection and classification, including examples from recent field-demonstration studies. After reviewing sensor technologies, with a focus on magnetic and electromagnetic systems, the authors discuss advanced processing techniques that allow for reliable discrimination between hazardous ordnance and harmless metallic clutter. Finally, the article shows results from a large-scale field demonstration conducted in 2011. In this case study, electromagnetic data acquired with an advanced sensor is used to identify ordnance at the site, reducing the number of excavations required with conventional metal detectors by 85%.
Republic Of The Congo Is Mine-Free, News Brief
Republic Of The Congo Is Mine-Free, News Brief
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In January 2012, the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of the Congo asked Norwegian People’s Aid to assist in fulfilling its Article 5 obligations to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (Anti-personnel Mine Ban Convention or APMBC).
A Review Of External Post-Clearance Inspection: How Cost-Effective Is It?, Åsa Gilbert, Aron Larsson
A Review Of External Post-Clearance Inspection: How Cost-Effective Is It?, Åsa Gilbert, Aron Larsson
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining conducted a study in early 2012 to consider the effectiveness of performing external post-clearance inspections. GICHD took into account the practices of the International Mine Action Standards, the International Organization for Standardization and the numerous mine action programs worldwide. It also worked with the Swedish company Preference Consulting to determine the mathematical probability of finding a mine/explosive remnant of war during external post-clearance inspections. Lastly, GICHD examined the normative effect of external post-clearance inspections as well as the financial cost associated with their execution.
Ernest Konschel: Inventor Of Early Mine Clearance Vehicles, News Brief
Ernest Konschel: Inventor Of Early Mine Clearance Vehicles, News Brief
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
After the death of a relative by a landmine in 1974 during the Rhodesian Bush War, Ernest Konschel, a self-employed electrical and mechanical engineer, took an interest in how to minimize damage and fatalities from landmine incidents.