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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Implementing Landmine Awareness Programs, Eric Filippino
Implementing Landmine Awareness Programs, Eric Filippino
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Among the wider mine action community, recognition is steadily growing of the need to incorporate socio-economic data and analysis into the planning, prioritization and evaluation of mine action. Shifting the focus away from the achievement of straightforward targets of land cleared or numbers of mines removed onto improving the lives of communities threatened by landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) represents a major change in mine action thinking. Mine awareness, which also seeks to integrate socio-economic analysis into its work can play an important role in rounding out this concept.
Superman To The Rescue, But Can He Teach Mine Awareness?, Margaret S. Busé
Superman To The Rescue, But Can He Teach Mine Awareness?, Margaret S. Busé
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
When Wonder Woman and Superman joined forces to promote mine awareness for children through the efforts of the U.S. Department of Defense, DC Comics and UNICEF, the landmine community was divided as to the usefulness, and ultimately, the success of the effort. Originally released in Bosnia in 1996, a second comic book in Spanish was released for children in Latin America in 1998. A third comic book was developed for children of Mozambique but a release date for the book is not scheduled. Currently, the Kosovo version of the comic book is being released in the school system through UNICEF …
Alternatives To Anti-Personnel Landmines, Keith Feigenbaum
Alternatives To Anti-Personnel Landmines, Keith Feigenbaum
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The complexity of the issue of alternatives to AP landmines is great from both a humanitarian and a technical standpoint. Stances on this issue seem to range from the substantive and supported (by research and field experience) and the reactionary (i.e., unbending humanitarianism). When the differing stances are considered, the one conclusion that can be drawn is the need for the discovery of a middle ground. That is, given current levels of technology, what can be done to end the suffering of the innocent while protecting the combatant?
Overview Of Mine Awareness Programs In Kosovo & Somaliland, Colonel L. Dyck, Bob Macpherson
Overview Of Mine Awareness Programs In Kosovo & Somaliland, Colonel L. Dyck, Bob Macpherson
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Since September 1999, CARE, working with its mine action partner, MineTech, has been engaged in a mine awareness project in Kosovo.
Mine Awareness At The Cambodian Mine Action Center, Tang Sun Hao
Mine Awareness At The Cambodian Mine Action Center, Tang Sun Hao
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The mission of the Cambodian Mine Action Center (CMAC) Mine/UXO Awareness Branch is to reduce mine/UXO casualty rates by educating people about the nature of the danger and the appropriate steps to avoid the risk of accidents. The primary objective of CMAC Mine/UXO Awareness is no longer to teach people about the presence and dangers of landmines and unexploded ordnance, but rather, it is to ensure that people have the correct knowledge and make them more able and intent to avoid risk-behavior. In Cambodia, most communities have knowledge, sometimes gained in a tragic way, about landmines.
Empowering The People Through Mine Awareness In Latin America, Juan Carlos Ruan
Empowering The People Through Mine Awareness In Latin America, Juan Carlos Ruan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
At the Battle of Williamsburg in 1862, the decision was made to adapt the first shell in order to surprise the enemy. No one would have predicted that an unending battle of man against his own creation was in the works. Perhaps, if the strong negative feelings raised by mine use at the beginning would have deemed this weapon improper and banished its use, countries around the world would not have perfected the art of producing and employing landmines. We have watched landmines evolve from clumsy, easily re-deployed weapons to present day AP mines that continue to claim the lives …
Integrated Mine Action: A Collective Approach To Mine Awareness, Margaret S. Busé
Integrated Mine Action: A Collective Approach To Mine Awareness, Margaret S. Busé
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
An Interview with Andy Wheatley, Community Liaison Manager, Mines Advisory Group (MAG) by Margaret Busé, MAIC
The Utilization Of Level One Survey Data For Mine Awareness, Justin Brady
The Utilization Of Level One Survey Data For Mine Awareness, Justin Brady
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
With its conclusion in July 2000 and certification a month later, the level one landmine survey in Yemen has provided the Yemeni authorities with a wealth of reliable information from which to plan and prioritize activities. For many people this means planning for mine clearance, but the utility of the level one data goes far beyond clearance. It also provides a foundation for all aspects of mine action, including mine awareness. Yemen is the first country to successfully complete the new level one format in cooperation with the U.N. Mine Action Service (UNMAS), U.N. Office for Project Services (UNOPS) and …
Community Mine Awareness For Development, Hildegard Scheu
Community Mine Awareness For Development, Hildegard Scheu
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Years after the civil war has ended, mines and UXO continue to be a serious danger to numerous communities in Mozambique. GTZ and Zimbabwean demining company Mine-Tech jointly developed the Integrated Humanitarian Demining for Development approach. Community Mine Awareness Training (CMA) for the local population was always an integral component. The concept and approach of CMA needed further improvement and refinement. The objective of the pilot project undertaken in the Cheringoma District of Sofala Province in Mozambique, June 19 - September 5, 1998, was to improve methods and instruments for CMA. This included the development of participatory methods to be …
Child-To-Child Trust: A Child-Oriented Approach To Landmine Education, Virginia Saulnier
Child-To-Child Trust: A Child-Oriented Approach To Landmine Education, Virginia Saulnier
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Placing children’s issues at the forefront of its agenda, the Child-to-Child Trust promotes the physical and mental well-being of children throughout the world. Operating under the umbrella of the University of London’s Institute of Education and Institute of Child Health, the trust has assumed this position since its inception in 1979, the international year of the Child, and has been active in over 80 nations. The trust’s objectives include “protecting and preserving the health of communities worldwide by encouraging and enabling children and young people to play an active and responsible role in the health and development of themselves, other …
Mine Action In Cambodia, Tim Grant
Mine Action In Cambodia, Tim Grant
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
During the past five years, I have worked in four different mine awareness programs. The first was in 1990 with the Land Mine Awareness Programme (LMAP) whose mandate was to reach the Cambodian refugee camps on the Thai/Cambodian border. LMAP was the first mine awareness program to operate in the South East Asian region and was run through the International Rescue Committee (IRC) with funding by the Office of the U.N. Secretary General for the Coordination of Cambodian Humanitarian Assistance Programs.
Youth Supervisors Trained In Mine Awareness In Jordan, Jason Sims
Youth Supervisors Trained In Mine Awareness In Jordan, Jason Sims
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Landmine Survivors Network (LSN) made an agreement with the Jordan Ministry of Social Development to facilitate mine awareness throughout the year 2000. For a week in August, youth center supervisors from throughout Jordan attended Mine Risk Education Training in Aqaba, Jordan. The LSN facilitated the workshop with cooperation from Rädda Barnen and the Royal Jordanian Army Corps of Engineers. All 60 of the youth center supervisors in Jordan were invited to attend the mine awareness training. A total of 44 Jordanian Youth Center Supervisors attended the workshop, 13 females and 31 males. Personnel from Rädda Barnen of Yemen conducted …
Hurricane Mitch Jet Stream, Juan Carlos Ruan
Hurricane Mitch Jet Stream, Juan Carlos Ruan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In October-November 1998, Hurricane Mitch wreaked havoc upon the Caribbean and parts of Central America. The damage the storm produced was unprecedented in the affected areas. In Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Costa Rica, UNICEF compiled these estimates on the human toll: 8,421 killed, 7,671 missing, 10,190 wounded, 1,537,687 evacuated and left homeless and 1,654,000 more affected in some direct way. Furthermore, Hurricane Mitch caused $6 billion worth of damage to the infrastructure of these countries.
Dispelling The Myth Between Humanitarian And Commercial Mine Action Activity, Ann Fitz-Gerald, Derrick Neal
Dispelling The Myth Between Humanitarian And Commercial Mine Action Activity, Ann Fitz-Gerald, Derrick Neal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Since the post World War years and even the more recent aftermath of the Cold War, the nature of peacekeeping, or peace-support operations, has changed dramatically. The change has involved the number and type of agencies concerned at each stage of an intervention and the numerous challenges they face in theatres. The responsibility is no longer left to and can no longer be fulfilled by a military force. A multitude of agencies takes on various tasks and becomes answerable to a number of different external and internal stakeholder interests.
The Challenges Of Mine Awareness Education For Children In Afghanistan, Christine Knudsen
The Challenges Of Mine Awareness Education For Children In Afghanistan, Christine Knudsen
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article has been removed.
Operation: Mine Awareness-Thailand, Katie Shepard
Operation: Mine Awareness-Thailand, Katie Shepard
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Years of conflict along the borders of Thailand have resulted in countless landmines buried along the Thai-Cambodia, Thai-Laos, Thai-Malaysia and Thai-Myanmar borders. The number of booby-traps, UXO and landmines in Thailand is unknown. Surveys made by the Royal Thai Army and Navy indicate that the land of 19 provinces are landmine-infested. Approximately, 796 square kilometers of the land cannot be utilized, affecting the livelihood of 400,000 people residing in these areas.
It's Been A Hard Day's Night, Jake Macdonald
It's Been A Hard Day's Night, Jake Macdonald
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Before heading out for a day's work, the deminers and EOD men gather every morning to drink coffee at a downtown Pristina bar called The Kukri. By 8 a.m. a festive crowd has gathered, and you could easily be in some college town cappuccino bar, except that half the people in the room are wearing U.N. shoulder patches and automatic pistols. On this particular autumn morning, the Texas Rangers are having coffee with the Fijians, the Bobbies are raking tea with some carabinieri, and the Zambians are talking shop with the OPP. It's sunny again, and everyone seems to be …
The Effectiveness Of Different Personal Protective Ensembles In Preventing Injury To The Thorax From Blast-Type Anti-Personnel Mines, J. Nerenberg, Aris Makris, H. Kleine
The Effectiveness Of Different Personal Protective Ensembles In Preventing Injury To The Thorax From Blast-Type Anti-Personnel Mines, J. Nerenberg, Aris Makris, H. Kleine
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
It is well established from numerous documented cases of bomb blasts that, under certain conditions (determined by the amount and proximity of explosive), the transmitted shock wave and associated overpressure generated by the detonation of an explosive device can cause critical and fatal injuries to the thorax, e.g., “blast lung.” As such injuries tend to be internal and thus difficult to detect, there has been considerable debate in recent years on the significance of the blast overpressure injury in the context of demining/mine clearance compared to more visible injuries, such as, amputation of extremities, fragmentation wounds and blindness. A wide …
Quality Standards For Demining, James Trevelyan
Quality Standards For Demining, James Trevelyan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In the last two years, several authors have commented critically on the 99.6 percent standard for humanitarian mine clearance adopted by the United Nations and its agencies. These standards are being redrafted, yet from the literature and recent comments, it is clear that there is little intellectual foundation on which to build a new standard. There are three issues that need to be addressed. First, what is an acceptable quality standard for humanitarian demining? Second, how can one measure the quality levels actually achieved in humanitarian demining? Third, how can one implement a cost-effective training and monitoring process to ensure …
The Halo Trust, Cisr Journal
The Halo Trust, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
HALO in Cambodia operates the demining system of One-Man One Lane (OMOL). Traditional mine clearance has operated with three individuals performing detection, probing and trip wire detection/deactivation. With the use of improved German mine detectors, HALO has safely combined all tasks to a single man, doubling productivity and halving personnel costs.
Central America Landmine Survivors: The Need For Action In Nicaragua, William Boyce
Central America Landmine Survivors: The Need For Action In Nicaragua, William Boyce
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Landmines are indiscriminate weapons, wounding and killing not only soldiers but women and children as well. Although hostilities may cease, landmines continue to maim and kill 500 victims a week, the equivalent of 26,000 additional disabled persons each year. There are at least 250,000 landmine-disabled people in the world, and the number continues to grow.
The Spider Boot: An Effective Foot Protection System Against Anti-Personnel Mine Blasts, S. Islam, Aris Makris, Denis Bergeron
The Spider Boot: An Effective Foot Protection System Against Anti-Personnel Mine Blasts, S. Islam, Aris Makris, Denis Bergeron
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
It is estimated that about 70 million AP landmines are deployed worldwide, slowing down the economic recovery of war torn countries and causing indiscriminate injuries to returning civilian populations long after the end of a conflict. Several military and non-military organizations are currently engaged in mine clearance, either in support of peacekeeping operations or for humanitarian demining.
Reducing Accidents In Demining: Achievements In Afghanistan, James Trevelyan
Reducing Accidents In Demining: Achievements In Afghanistan, James Trevelyan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article has been removed.
Manual Demining In Afghanistan, Kefayatullah Eblagh
Manual Demining In Afghanistan, Kefayatullah Eblagh
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article has been removed.
International Standards For Personal Protective Equipment, Alastair Mcaslan, Keith Feigenbaum
International Standards For Personal Protective Equipment, Alastair Mcaslan, Keith Feigenbaum
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
International Standards for Mine Action are being revised by the United Nations. As part of the revision process, a working group on personal protective equipment (WGPPE) has been established to examine the subject of safety in mine clearance operations, and to make recommendations on standards and guidelines for PPE. This paper is based on the WGPPE's report.
The Journal Of Mine Action Issue 4.2 (2000), Cisr Journal
The Journal Of Mine Action Issue 4.2 (2000), Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Deminers, Manual Demining & Their Personal Protection
A Full-Scale Evaluation Of Lightweight Personal Protective Ensembles For Demining In Providing Protection Against Blast-Type Anti-Personnel Mines, Aris Makris, J. Nerenberg
A Full-Scale Evaluation Of Lightweight Personal Protective Ensembles For Demining In Providing Protection Against Blast-Type Anti-Personnel Mines, Aris Makris, J. Nerenberg
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
A wide range of equipment, in the form of helmets, vests, aprons and trousers, is currently in use around the world to protect deminers against the effects of AP mines. Significant variations exist in terms of the level of protection afforded, operational usefulness, quality of manufacturing and cost of each of these components. To date, there have been limited studies undertaken to systematically and quantitatively assess the effectiveness of the different protective components applied to both the civilian and military demining theaters. This study summarizes the efforts of numerous full-scale test series carried out in 1999, with particular emphasis on …
Deminers, Manual Demining And Their Protective Equipment, Norman Stewart
Deminers, Manual Demining And Their Protective Equipment, Norman Stewart
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In Cambodia, a deminer was working in the prone position and set off an anti-personnel type 72 Chinese tilt mine. The resulting blast went over his head and did not damage his exposed hands. The blast over-pressure sucked air and dirt into his helmet visor and punctured his eye, which recovered fully. This over-pressure problem was caused by an air gap between the helmet visor and his protective jacket. Within seven days a new visor was dispatched from the manufacturer to my specifications, tested and found to remove the air gap problem. As part of the daily safety checks carried …
The Human Touch, Russell Gasser, Terry Thomas
The Human Touch, Russell Gasser, Terry Thomas
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Biting insects, inaccessible terrain, impenetrable bamboo thickets and thorn bushes. Mine clearance in Cambodia is a hot, sweaty business at the best of times. Because tripwires hidden in the undergrowth could trigger explosions, the vegetation has to be cleared by hand before mine detection can start. It is a tedious matter and can occupy two-thirds of a mine clearer's working day.
Conquering The Insurmountable, Stephanie Schlosser, Virginia Saulnier
Conquering The Insurmountable, Stephanie Schlosser, Virginia Saulnier
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Canadian Center for Mine Action Technologies (CCMAT) is a partnership of resources from the Department of National Defense and Industry Canada. The Center is co-located with the Defense Research Establishment Suffield (ORES) at Canadian Force Base Suffield in Alberta.