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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Keyword
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- Gun violence (7)
- Perceptions of violence (7)
- Youth violence (6)
- Cure violence (5)
- Violence reduction (5)
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- Attitudes towards violence (4)
- Cure Violence (4)
- Juvenile arrests (4)
- Measuring norms and attitudes (4)
- Respondent Driven Sampling (4)
- Violence prevention efforts (4)
- Young men perceptions of violence (4)
- Youth arrests (4)
- Gun violence trends (3)
- New York City gun violence (3)
- New York City shootings (3)
- Program evaluation (3)
- Recidivism (3)
- Respondent-driven sampling (3)
- Shootings (3)
- Violence prevention programs (3)
- Violent crime (3)
- Violent crime arrests (3)
- Violent youth crime (3)
- Youth and community (3)
- Youth arrest rates (3)
- Youth crime (3)
- Youth crime decline (3)
- Youth violence prevention (3)
- Anti social behaviors (2)
Articles 1 - 30 of 61
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Ai-Supported Academic Advising: Exploring Chatgpt’S Current State And Future Potential Toward Student Empowerment, Daisuke Akiba, Michelle C. Fraboni
Ai-Supported Academic Advising: Exploring Chatgpt’S Current State And Future Potential Toward Student Empowerment, Daisuke Akiba, Michelle C. Fraboni
Publications and Research
Artificial intelligence (AI), once a phenomenon primarily in the world of science fiction, has evolved rapidly in recent years, steadily infiltrating into our daily lives. ChatGPT, a freely accessible AI-powered large language model designed to generate human-like text responses to users, has been utilized in several areas, such as the healthcare industry, to facilitate interactive dissemination of information and decision-making. Academic advising has been essential in promoting success among university students, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds. Unfortunately, however, student advising has been marred with problems, with the availability and accessibility of adequate advising being among the hurdles. The current study …
‘Welcoming’ Guests: The Role Of Ideational And Contextual Factors In Public Perceptions About Refugees And Attitudes About Their Integration, H. Ege Ozen, Aysenur Dal, Efe Tokdemir
‘Welcoming’ Guests: The Role Of Ideational And Contextual Factors In Public Perceptions About Refugees And Attitudes About Their Integration, H. Ege Ozen, Aysenur Dal, Efe Tokdemir
Publications and Research
In this study, we aim to explore the ideational and contextual sources of perceptions about refugees. Contrary to many studies focusing on the interaction with and integration of refugees in developed countries, we examine the effect of social identity and refugee exposure on the perception of refugees in Turkey, which pose a substantive case with a background of ethnic conflict and scarce resources. We contend that social identities provide individuals with cues; however, we argue that identity type and its salience are key to understanding in-group vs. out-group formation processes, hence the perceptions about refugees. Moreover, we argue that socioeconomic …
An Oer / Coil Project On "Society And Cross-Cultural Interaction: Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Across Cultures", Oluremi "Remi" Alapo
An Oer / Coil Project On "Society And Cross-Cultural Interaction: Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Across Cultures", Oluremi "Remi" Alapo
Publications and Research
The presenter’s goal is to discuss the research she has developed: an OER [open educational resources] course content and how she co-designed a COIL [collaborative online international learning] partnership course that was used by students in diversity and multicultural education courses which focused on race and ethnicity, how we see things based on several factors, how it influences the choices and decisions we make; how to deal positively with conflicts that inevitably arise in working /living situations with people of diverse cultures.
This course was structured to raise multicultural awareness and fortify students’ social skills in dealing with racial and …
Neighbors At Risk, Jeffrey A. Butts, Gina Moreno, Richard A. Espinobarros
Neighbors At Risk, Jeffrey A. Butts, Gina Moreno, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
Most New York City neighborhoods did not experience high rates of shootings in recent years, but others clearly did. Comparing crime rates across these relatively small geographic areas is important for officials considering where to invest in resources that support public safety and community wellbeing.
Shooting Trends Vary Across Areas Of New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Shooting Trends Vary Across Areas Of New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
Recent reports point to slight reductions in New York City’s recent surge of shooting incidents. The number of shooting incidents was higher in 2020 and 2021 than in 2019, but the rate of increase appeared to be slowing. The degree of change varied across areas of the city.
Shooting Surge Continuing To Slow Across New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Shooting Surge Continuing To Slow Across New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
This report looks at quarter-specific comparisons of police reported shooting incidents across New York City. Shooting incidents increased between the first and second quarters of both 2020 and 2021. However, shooting incident increases slowed between quarters 1 (January-March) and 2 (April-June) in 2021, compared to the same quarters of 2020. Quarter-specific comparisons are one way to address seasonal fluctuations in gun violence.
Influence Of Covid-19 On Changes In Dressing Behaviours Of U.S. Adults., Diana Saiki, Jay Kandiah, Alyssa Dana Adomaitis, James A. Jones
Influence Of Covid-19 On Changes In Dressing Behaviours Of U.S. Adults., Diana Saiki, Jay Kandiah, Alyssa Dana Adomaitis, James A. Jones
Publications and Research
The objective of this research was to assess the impact of the currently lived COVID-19 pandemic on dressing behaviours of a cross-section of the U.S. adult population. Participants (N = 844) completed a survey via Amazon Mechanical Turk which evaluated frequency of wearing of eight dressing categories—accessories, informal dress, formal dress, protective dress, hair practices, scent products, appearance enhancement, and make-up (females) prior to and during the pandemic. Physical, emotional and psychological self-care and demographics were also collected. Overall, during the pandemic participants engaged in less dressing behaviours, dressed informal clothing (e.g., jeans, t-shirts) and incorporated protective dress. These findings …
Coding And Analysis: Deciding On Software Needs, Katherine Gregory
Coding And Analysis: Deciding On Software Needs, Katherine Gregory
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Reducing Gun Violence In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado
Reducing Gun Violence In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado
Publications and Research
Most large American cities experienced falling client crime rates in recent decades, with New York City only being second to San Diego is the scale of its decline. This databit looks at the array of initiatives the city implemented to address gun violence as a possible contribution to the decline.
Who Pays For Gun Violence? You Do., Edda S. Fransdottir, Jeffrey A. Butts
Who Pays For Gun Violence? You Do., Edda S. Fransdottir, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
The total economic impact of gun violence is unknown. Studies focus on the direct and short-term expenses immediately following a shooting but often exclude the long-term and far-reaching effects of gun violence on the victim, their family, and their community. Available data vastly underestimate the full economic impact of firearm injuries in the United States, including the fact that taxpayers often get the bill.
Preliminary Efficacy Of Motivational Interviewing On Problem Drinkers 55 And Older Compared To Younger Counterparts, Alexis Kuerbis, Sijing Shao, Nehal Vadhan, Jon Morgenstern
Preliminary Efficacy Of Motivational Interviewing On Problem Drinkers 55 And Older Compared To Younger Counterparts, Alexis Kuerbis, Sijing Shao, Nehal Vadhan, Jon Morgenstern
Publications and Research
Background: Older adults who drink problematically are the largest group of substance users among those 55 and older. This group often chooses moderation as a goal instead of abstinence, and motivation and self-efficacy are found to have less of an impact on drinking compared to younger adults. No study has examined age effects (specifically 55 and older vs. younger counterparts) on motivational interviewing (MI) compared to brief advice with a sample that includes individuals over 65. Objective: To explore the moderating impact of age on heavy drinkers’ (aged M=50.7 years SD=11.6, range 23-73) response to MI. Methods: Data …
Using Visual Prompts In Research, Maura A. Smale, Mariana Regalado
Using Visual Prompts In Research, Maura A. Smale, Mariana Regalado
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Older Adults Responsible For Total Growth In Drug Arrests, Jeffrey A. Butts
Older Adults Responsible For Total Growth In Drug Arrests, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
After years of decline, adults 25 and older were responsible for increasing drug crime arrests after 2015. In contrast, young adults, teenagers, and children experienced drug arrest drops. This databit looks at the drug violation arrest rates from 2000 to 2018 and trends between various age groups.
Lessons Of A Failed Study: Lone Research, Media Analysis, And The Limitations Of Bracketing, Katherine Gregory
Lessons Of A Failed Study: Lone Research, Media Analysis, And The Limitations Of Bracketing, Katherine Gregory
Publications and Research
Failed research can function as the underbelly of all qualitative research projects that come to fruition. These shadow projects offer invaluable insights to future research and researchers alike. In this article, I trace a failed life history of sex offenders project from its conceptualization to its abandonment, after conducting a series of searches on the online National Sex Offender Registry database. Through the use of preliminary field notes and an analysis of media representations, I examine the role of bracketing of the topic, as a by-product of the phenomenological tradition, and other methodological issues such as physical and emotional vulnerability …
National Culture And Influences On Leadership Practices [Power Distance Index – Pdi], Oluremi Alapo
National Culture And Influences On Leadership Practices [Power Distance Index – Pdi], Oluremi Alapo
Publications and Research
The presenter will discuss power relations, culture, and human behavior in organizational settings based on previous research results on culture and leadership and provide information on new research being conducted on National Culture and Leadership practices. Previous research was based on Hofstede’s five cross - cultural dimension / framework. This new research will look at PDI – Power Distance Index and how it affects the relationship of subordinates to their leaders in new cross-cultural environments. The presenter will present information from a recent pilot study on Power Distance Index and the extent to which a person’s national culture influences (or …
Referencing Audre Lorde, Shawn(Ta) Smith-Cruz
Referencing Audre Lorde, Shawn(Ta) Smith-Cruz
Publications and Research
This chapter is close a reading and textual analysis of canonical texts, speeches, and archived audio recordings of Audre Lorde. It embraces Lorde’s many identities, including her identity as a librarian who chose to depart from the library as a means of survival. The author urges reference librarians to study Lorde’s example and learn from Lorde’s choice to act in a space where silence can be transformed into language and action. Acknowledgment of the limitations and opportunities that Lorde teaches us in reference service and institutional structures, may allow for librarians to move toward a realm of justice.
A Blueprint On Self-Exploration To Justice: Introduction To “Referencing Audre Lorde” & “Lesbian Librarianship For All”, Shawn(Ta) Smith-Cruz
A Blueprint On Self-Exploration To Justice: Introduction To “Referencing Audre Lorde” & “Lesbian Librarianship For All”, Shawn(Ta) Smith-Cruz
Publications and Research
My approach to social justice problematizes the profession by challenging the librarian to focus inwardly to a space concentrated with identity and self-exploration. To galvanize justice, the librarian may impose her or himself into the reference interaction as an element of praxis.
Mixed News About Youth Violence In Recent Fbi Crime Data, Jeffrey A. Butts
Mixed News About Youth Violence In Recent Fbi Crime Data, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
FBI crime data displayed a slight increase in violent crime rates between 2016 and 2017. Media reports on this variation did not always mention that violent crime rates are still near a 35-year low. This databit shows the rates of youth arrested for violent crimes between 1982 and 2017.
Gun Violence Is Not An “Inner City” Problem, Jeffrey A. Butts
Gun Violence Is Not An “Inner City” Problem, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Policy debates about gun violence often focus on cities. This data bit showed how 33 states in the U.S. compare regarding gun violence rates, demonstrated how gun violence rates are not an issue exclusive to cities, and tested whether states conform to the conventional narrative of "urban gun violence."
Critical Care: The Important Role Of Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs, Douglas N. Evans, Anthony Vega
Critical Care: The Important Role Of Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs, Douglas N. Evans, Anthony Vega
Publications and Research
Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIP) recognize the importance of supporting the needs of violence survivors and their families to help prevent retaliation and other violence from reoccurring. This report discusses the need for evaluations and further research for HVIPs as the shift towards understanding violence through a public approach increases.
Symptomatic Leadership In Business Instruction: How To Finally Teach Diversity And Inclusion For Lasting Change, Linda L. Ridley
Symptomatic Leadership In Business Instruction: How To Finally Teach Diversity And Inclusion For Lasting Change, Linda L. Ridley
Publications and Research
Are business faculty complicit in mythologizing business concepts by ignoring historical precedence?
The refusal to examine in totality the history of discrimination and racism allows us to perpetuate a mythology of white supremacy that is enhanced through impotent diversity programs repeated throughout corporate America. This paper examines the importance of demythologizing the business curriculum through symptomatic thinking, which allows faculty and students to untangle the quagmire of diversity and inclusion in corporate America. Students are thereby equipped with tools for behavior transformation in the workplace that uses a symptomatic, rather than symbolic approach, to decision making and problem solving.
The Effects Of Cure Violence In The South Bronx And East New York, Brooklyn, Sheyla A. Delgado, Laila Alsabahi, Kevin T. Wolff, Nicole Marie Alexander, Patricia A. Cobar, Jeffrey A. Butts
The Effects Of Cure Violence In The South Bronx And East New York, Brooklyn, Sheyla A. Delgado, Laila Alsabahi, Kevin T. Wolff, Nicole Marie Alexander, Patricia A. Cobar, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
New York City launched its first Cure Violence program—which uses community outreach to interrupt violence—in 2010 with funding from the U.S. Department of Justice. By 2017, there were 18 programs around the city. This report examines Man Up! Inc. in East New York, Brooklyn, and Save Our Streets South Bronx. Each neighborhood was compared to another neighborhood similar in demographics and crime trends but without a Cure Violence program. There is promising evidence that Cure Violence may help to create safe and healthy communities.
Repairing Trust: Young Men In Neighborhoods With Cure Violence Programs Report Growing Confidence In Police, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado
Repairing Trust: Young Men In Neighborhoods With Cure Violence Programs Report Growing Confidence In Police, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado
Publications and Research
Researchers at John Jay Research and Evaluation Center found evidence to suggest the presence of Cure Violence — a place-based, public-health approach to violence reduction that relies on “outreach workers” and “violence interrupters” to prevent high-risk individuals from using violence to resolve conflicts — increases confidence in police in affected neighborhoods.
Young Men In Neighborhoods With Cure Violence Programs Adopt Attitudes Less Supportive Of Violence, Sheyla A. Delgado, Laila Alsabahi, Jeffrey A. Butts
Young Men In Neighborhoods With Cure Violence Programs Adopt Attitudes Less Supportive Of Violence, Sheyla A. Delgado, Laila Alsabahi, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
New York City neighborhoods with operating Cure Violence sites show stronger declines in less violence-prone attitudes. This databit displays data collected by the NYCCure study at JohnJayREC. It demonstrates that the presence of Cure Violence in a neighborhood is associated with significant reductions in the willingness of young men to use violence in conflict situations.
Savings Rate: How Wraparound Advocacy May Reduce The Consequences And Costs Of State Commitment For Justice-Involved Youth, Douglas N. Evans, Megan O'Toole, Jeffrey A. Butts
Savings Rate: How Wraparound Advocacy May Reduce The Consequences And Costs Of State Commitment For Justice-Involved Youth, Douglas N. Evans, Megan O'Toole, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
John Jay College conducted a quasi-experimental evaluation of Youth Advocate Programs, Inc. by comparing justice system outcomes for a sample of Florida youth served by YAP, Inc. with a matched comparison sample of youth supervised by the public juvenile probation department. This report discusses the outcomes for YAP youth and provides estimations for the savings generated from reducing the need for commitment and out-of-home placement among court-involved youth.
Local Measures: The Need For Neighborhood-Level Data In Youth Violence Prevention Initiatives, Jeffrey A. Butts, Alana M. Henniger
Local Measures: The Need For Neighborhood-Level Data In Youth Violence Prevention Initiatives, Jeffrey A. Butts, Alana M. Henniger
Publications and Research
In an attempt to assist local jurisdictions with violence prevention, the U.S. Department of Justice and other federal agencies launched the National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention in 2010. More than a dozen cities participated in the National Forum, collaborating to increase the effectiveness of their local strategies for reducing youth violence. The Department of Justice asked John Jay College of Criminal Justice to monitor and assess the outcomes of the National Forum beginning in 2011. The study investigated the accomplishments and perceptions of the leadership networks in each city.
Creating An Interdisciplinary Human Services Program, Nicole Kras
Creating An Interdisciplinary Human Services Program, Nicole Kras
Publications and Research
The field of human services is interdisciplinary in nature. Creating an interdisciplinary human services program provides college faculty the opportunity to present students with a variety of perspectives and encourages them to make meaningful connections between disciplines. This case example provides an illustration of how a small college created an interdisciplinary human services program.
Total Youth Arrests For Violent Crime Still Falling Nationwide, Jeffrey A. Butts
Total Youth Arrests For Violent Crime Still Falling Nationwide, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Youth arrests for violent crime are declining across the country. Using Federal Bureau of Investigation data, this databit details trends from 1980 to 2015 and demonstrates how the nation is still seeing a 20-year decline in violent youth crime.
Durable Collaborations: The National Forum On Youth Violence Prevention, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Jeffrey A. Butts
Durable Collaborations: The National Forum On Youth Violence Prevention, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
In 2012, the Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College began to publish the results of an assessment conducted between Summer 2011 and Summer 2012. The project conducted surveys and measured the effectiveness of the National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention. In 2016, with the support of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the research team tracked perceptions and opinions in each community involved in the National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention.
Reclaiming Futures And Organizing Justice For Drug-Using Youth, Jeffrey A. Butts, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Jennifer Peirce, Douglas N. Evans, Angela Irvine
Reclaiming Futures And Organizing Justice For Drug-Using Youth, Jeffrey A. Butts, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Jennifer Peirce, Douglas N. Evans, Angela Irvine
Publications and Research
Reclaiming Futures is an organizational change initiative that supports coordinated and individualized responses for justice-involved youth with problematic substance use issues. The Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College of Criminal Justice compared people's perceptions currently working in Reclaiming Futures communities with similar colleagues from nearly ten years ago. The study suggested that communities with the strongest engagement in Reclaiming Futures tended to have more positive perceptions of their youth justice and substance abuse treatment systems, including key facets of administration, collaboration, and overall system quality.