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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Poisoning The Well, Or How Economic Theory Damages, Julie A. Nelson
Poisoning The Well, Or How Economic Theory Damages, Julie A. Nelson
Julie A. Nelson
Contemporary mainstream economics has widely “poisoned the well” from which people get their ideas about the relationship between economics and ethics. The image of economic life as inherently characterized by self-interest, utility- and profitmaximization, and mechanical controllability has caused many businesspeople, judges, sociologists, philosophers, policymakers, critics of economics, and the public at large to come to tolerate greed and opportunism, or even to expect or encourage them. This essay raises and discusses a number of counterarguments that might be made to the charge that current dominant professional practice is having negative ethical effects, as well as discussing some examples of …
Conducting Industrial And Organizational Psychological Research: Institutional Review Of Research In Work Organizations, Daniel R. Ilgen, Bradford S. Bell
Conducting Industrial And Organizational Psychological Research: Institutional Review Of Research In Work Organizations, Daniel R. Ilgen, Bradford S. Bell
Bradford S Bell
Although informed consent is a primary mechanism for insuring the ethical treatment of human participants in research, both federal guidelines and APA ethical standards recognize that exceptions to it are reasonable under certain conditions. But agreement about what constitutes reasonable exceptions to informed consent sometimes is lacking. The research presented the same protocols to samples of respondents drawn from four populations –Institutional Reviewer Board (IRBs) members, managers, employees, and university faculty who were not members of IRBs. Differences in perceptions of IRB members from the other samples with respect to the risks of the protocols without informed consent and on …
Informed Consent And Dual Purpose Research, Bradford S. Bell, Daniel R. Ilgen
Informed Consent And Dual Purpose Research, Bradford S. Bell, Daniel R. Ilgen
Bradford S Bell
The ethical treatment of human participants in psychological research is regulated by both federal guidelines and the ethical standards of the American Psychological Association (APA). Under certain circumstances, however, both APA standards and federal regulations allow for exceptions for informed consent. In spite of the possibility of exception, a number of factors have made it difficult to conduct and publish research that does not incorporate informed consent. The authors consider these factors and propose 2 approaches that may reduce reluctance to consider exceptions to informed consent under appropriate circumstances. First, journals should not rely on informed consent as the only …
The Ethics Of Open Access And Copyright Infringement, Denise Troll Covey
The Ethics Of Open Access And Copyright Infringement, Denise Troll Covey
Denise Troll Covey
This paper examines the movement to provide free online (open) access to scholarly journal articles as civil disobedience, a heretical challenge to the orthodox ideology of intellectual property law and the tradition of copyright transfer to a publisher. The legal standing and carefully crafted rhetoric of the heretical leaders enables them to rightfully proclaim that the goals of the open access (OA) movement can be achieved in compliance with U.S. copyright law while exposing conflicting values and problematic assumptions in the law that portend reform. Meanwhile, much of the work that the heretics have made available open access breaches publisher …
The Ethics Of Open Access To Research: A Call For Civil Disobedience And Moral Courage, Denise Troll Covey
The Ethics Of Open Access To Research: A Call For Civil Disobedience And Moral Courage, Denise Troll Covey
Denise Troll Covey
This article explores the ideological context, official rhetoric, and rank-and-file behavior of authors and publishers in the movement to provide free online (open) access to scholarly journal articles. Analysis reveals transparency among authors and obfuscation among publishers. The core values and ethical principles of librarianship require librarians to stand with authors and to exercise and foster civil disobedience and moral courage in support of open access.