Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Mw151 Inhibited Il-1Β Levels After Traumatic Brain Injury With No Effect On Microglia Physiological Responses, Adam D. Bachstetter, Zhengqiu Zhou, Rachel K. Rowe, Bin Xing, Danielle S. Goulding, Alyssa N. Conley, Pradoldej Sompol, Shelby Meier, Jose F. Abisambra, Jonathan Lifshitz, D. Martin Watterson, Linda J. Van Eldik

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

A prevailing neuroinflammation hypothesis is that increased production of proinflammatory cytokines contributes to progressive neuropathology, secondary to the primary damage caused by a traumatic brain injury (TBI). In support of the hypothesis, post-injury interventions that inhibit the proinflammatory cytokine surge can attenuate the progressive pathology. However, other post-injury neuroinflammatory responses are key to endogenous recovery responses. Therefore, it is critical that pharmacological attenuation of detrimental or dysregulated neuroinflammatory processes avoid pan-suppression of inflammation. MW151 is a CNS-penetrant, small molecule experimental therapeutic that restores injury- or disease-induced overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines towards homeostasis without immunosuppression. Post-injury administration of MW151 in a …

Structural Brain Injury In Patients With Disorders Of Consciousness: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study., Pieter Guldenmund, Andrea Soddu, Katherine Baquero, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Marie-Aurélie Bruno, Olivia Gosseries, Steven Laureys, Francisco Gómez

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

MAIN OBJECTIVE: Disorders of consciousness (DOC; encompassing coma, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) and minimally conscious state minus/plus (MCS-/+)) are associated with structural brain injury. The extent of this damage remains poorly understood and merits a detailed examination using novel analysis techniques. Research design/methods and procedures: This study used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) on structural magnetic resonance imaging scans of 61 patients with DOC to examine grey and white matter injury associated with DOC, time spent in DOC, aetiology and diagnosis.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: DOC and time spent in DOC were found to be associated with widespread structural brain injury, …

Preserved Haptic Shape Processing After Bilateral Loc Lesions., Jacqueline C Snow, Melvyn A Goodale, Jody C Culham

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

UNLABELLED: The visual and haptic perceptual systems are understood to share a common neural representation of object shape. A region thought to be critical for recognizing visual and haptic shape information is the lateral occipital complex (LOC). We investigated whether LOC is essential for haptic shape recognition in humans by studying behavioral responses and brain activation for haptically explored objects in a patient (M.C.) with bilateral lesions of the occipitotemporal cortex, including LOC. Despite severe deficits in recognizing objects using vision, M.C. was able to accurately recognize objects via touch. M.C.'s psychophysical response profile to haptically explored shapes was also …

Closed Head Injury In An Age-Related Alzheimer Mouse Model Leads To An Altered Neuroinflammatory Response And Persistent Cognitive Impairment, Scott J. Webster, Linda J. Van Eldik, D. Martin Watterson, Adam D. Bachstetter

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Epidemiological studies have associated increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related clinical symptoms with a medical history of head injury. Currently, little is known about pathophysiology mechanisms linked to this association. Persistent neuroinflammation is one outcome observed in patients after a single head injury. Neuroinflammation is also present early in relevant brain regions during AD pathology progression. In addition, previous mechanistic studies in animal models link neuroinflammation as a contributor to neuropathology and cognitive impairment in traumatic brain injury (TBI) or AD-related models. Therefore, we explored the potential interplay of neuroinflammatory responses in TBI and AD by analysis of the temporal …