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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Movement Of Lithics By Trampling: An Experiment In The Madjedbebe Sediments, Northern Australia, Benjamin Marwick, Elspeth Hayes, Christopher Clarkson, Richard Fullagar
Movement Of Lithics By Trampling: An Experiment In The Madjedbebe Sediments, Northern Australia, Benjamin Marwick, Elspeth Hayes, Christopher Clarkson, Richard Fullagar
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Understanding post-depositional movement of artefacts is vital to making reliable claims about the formation of archaeological deposits. Human trampling has long been recognised as a contributor to post-depositional artefact displacement. We investigate the degree to which artefact form (shape-and-size) attributes can predict how an artefact is moved by trampling. We use the Zingg classification system to describe artefact form. Our trampling substrate is the recently excavated archaeological deposits from Madjedbebe, northern Australia. Madjedbebe is an important site because it contains early evidence of human activity in Australia. The age of artefacts at Madjedbebe is contentious because of the possibility of …
Spatial And Temporal Distribution And Pollution Assessment Of Trace Metals In Marine Sediments In Oyster Bay, Nsw, Australia, Yasir M. Alyazichi, Brian Jones, Errol Mclean
Spatial And Temporal Distribution And Pollution Assessment Of Trace Metals In Marine Sediments In Oyster Bay, Nsw, Australia, Yasir M. Alyazichi, Brian Jones, Errol Mclean
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The disposal of untreated urban and industrial wastewater has a deleterious effect on both the water and sediment quality of Oyster Bay located in south Sydney, Australia. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the potential pollution of marine sediments in Oyster Bay. The results of metals were compared with adverse biological effect values effect range low (ERL) and effect range median (ERM). Spatial distribution of trace metals was estimated by applying geographic information system. The results indicated that the sediments were polluted with Cu, Zn, As and Pb, which exceeded ERL levels. However, these metals were still below ERM …
Assessment Of A Sequential Phase Extraction Procedure For Uranium-Series Isotope Analysis Of Soils And Sediments, P O. Suresh, A Dosseto, H K. Handley, P P. Hesse
Assessment Of A Sequential Phase Extraction Procedure For Uranium-Series Isotope Analysis Of Soils And Sediments, P O. Suresh, A Dosseto, H K. Handley, P P. Hesse
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The study of uranium-series (U-series) isotopes in soil and sediment materials has been proposed to quantify rates and timescales of soil production and sediment transport. Previous works have studied bulk soil or sediment material, which is a complex assemblage of primary and secondary minerals and organic compounds. However, the approach relies on the fractionation between U-series isotopes in primary minerals since they were liberated from the parent rock via weathering. In addition, secondary minerals and organic compounds have their own isotopic compositions such that the composition of the bulk material may not reflect that of primary minerals. Hence, there is …
Slow Avoidance Response To Contaminated Sediments Elicits Sublethal Toxicity To Benthic Invertebrates, Daniel J. Ward, Stuart L. Simpson, Dianne F. Jolley
Slow Avoidance Response To Contaminated Sediments Elicits Sublethal Toxicity To Benthic Invertebrates, Daniel J. Ward, Stuart L. Simpson, Dianne F. Jolley
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Advanced analytical techniques have identified the heterogeneity of sediments in aquatic environments which may impact the exposure of benthic organisms to contaminants. Acute and chronic toxicity associated with short, intermittent exposure to four field-collected contaminated sediments were assessed for the epi-benthic amphipod Melita plumulosa and the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra spinipes. Increasing the duration of exposure caused a decrease in survival of M. plumulosa and N. spinipes during 10-d bioassays. Increasing the frequency of exposure to a total exposure time >96-h resulted in a significant toxicity to M. plumulosa. Reproduction decreased for both species from exposure to contaminated sediment. For M. …
On The Dose Dependency Of The Bleachable And Non-Bleachable Components Of Irsl From K-Feldspar: Improved Procedures For Luminescence Dating Of Quaternary Sediments, Bo Li, Richard G. Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs
On The Dose Dependency Of The Bleachable And Non-Bleachable Components Of Irsl From K-Feldspar: Improved Procedures For Luminescence Dating Of Quaternary Sediments, Bo Li, Richard G. Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The infrared (IR) stimulated luminescence (IRSL) and post-IR IRSL (pIRIR) signals from K-feldspar can, for convenience, be divided into two components, bleachable and ‘non-bleachable’, where the latter corresponds to the ‘residual’ signal observed in sunlight-bleached samples. In this paper, we examine the non-bleachable component of IRSL of K-feldspar for several sedimentary samples from across Eurasia. We observed a large variability in the residual doses among these samples after prolonged exposure to sunlight. By employing multiple elevated temperature (MET) IR stimulations at 50–300 °C, we show that the residual dose increases systematically with stimulation temperature, attaining values as high as ∼50 …
Multivariate Statistic And Time Series Analyses Of Grain-Size Data In Quaternary Sediments Of Lake El'gygytgyn, Ne Russia, Alexander Francke, V Wennrich, M A. Sauerbrey, O Juschus, Martin Melles, J Brigham-Grette
Multivariate Statistic And Time Series Analyses Of Grain-Size Data In Quaternary Sediments Of Lake El'gygytgyn, Ne Russia, Alexander Francke, V Wennrich, M A. Sauerbrey, O Juschus, Martin Melles, J Brigham-Grette
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Lake El'gygytgyn, located in the Far East Rus- sian Arctic, was formed by a meteorite impact about 3.58 Ma ago. In 2009, the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) at Lake El'gygytgyn obtained a continu- ous sediment sequence of the lacustrine deposits and the up- per part of the impact breccia. Here, we present grain-size data of the past 2.6 Ma. General downcore grain-size varia- tions yield coarser sediments during warm periods and finer ones during cold periods. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the climate-dependent variations in grain- size distributions mainly occur in the coarse silt and very fine …
Considerations For U-Series Dating Of Sediments: Insights From The Flinders Ranges, South Australia, Heather K. Handley, Simon P. Turner, Anthony Dosseto, David Haberlah, Juan C. Afonso
Considerations For U-Series Dating Of Sediments: Insights From The Flinders Ranges, South Australia, Heather K. Handley, Simon P. Turner, Anthony Dosseto, David Haberlah, Juan C. Afonso
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Uranium isotope ratios have been determined for the fine-grained detrital fraction of Pleistocene Wilkawillina valley-fill sediments, four local Proterozoic bedrock samples and fine-grained aeolian material from a sand dune deposit of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. The aim was to quantify the comminution age, i.e. the time elapsed since physical weathering of the bedrock, and residence time of the valley-fill sediments and to place tighter constraints on input parameters for the comminution age calculation. Despite using two independent approaches for determination of the recoil lost fraction of 234U from the sediment (weighted geometric and surface area estimates), samples fail to …
Study Of The Relationship Between Infrared Stimulated Luminescence And Blue Light Stimulated Luminescence For Potassium-Feldspar From Sediments, Zhijun Gong, Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li
Study Of The Relationship Between Infrared Stimulated Luminescence And Blue Light Stimulated Luminescence For Potassium-Feldspar From Sediments, Zhijun Gong, Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
In luminescence measurements of potassium-feldspar (K-feldspar), both infrared (IR) and blue light (BL) can be used as stimulation sources. Component analysis suggests that the blue light stimulated luminescence (BLSL) measured at 60 °C from K-feldspar can be fitted using three components, namely fast, medium and slow. In order to explore the relationship between the origin of the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signal and the different components of the BLSL, five sets of experiments were conducted, namely post-IR BLSL (pIR-BLSL), post-BL IRSL (pBL-IRSL), pulse annealing tests, dose response and laboratory fading rate tests. It is observed that most of the IRSL …
Holocene Environmental Changes In Central Inner Mongolia Revealed By Luminescence Dating Of Sediments From The Sala Us River Valley, Sheng-Hua Li, Jimin Sun, Bo Li
Holocene Environmental Changes In Central Inner Mongolia Revealed By Luminescence Dating Of Sediments From The Sala Us River Valley, Sheng-Hua Li, Jimin Sun, Bo Li
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Luminescence dating of the fluvial and lacustrine sediments from the Sala Us River valley at the south edge of the Mu Us Desert, central Inner Mongolia, is reported. The study region lies in the northwestern marginal zone of the east Asian summer monsoon and is sensitive to climate change. The dating results combined with environmental proxies indicate that the Holocene Climate Optimum period, took place from 8.5 to 5 ka ago and was marked by lake development. After ~5 ka ago, the region became arid, as inferred from lake regression and fluvial activity. Deposition of fluvial sediments lasted from ~5 …
Luminescence Dating Of K-Feldspar From Sediments: A Protocol Without Anomalous Fading Correction, Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li
Luminescence Dating Of K-Feldspar From Sediments: A Protocol Without Anomalous Fading Correction, Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
A protocol for optical dating of potassium-rich feldspar (K-feldspar) is proposed. It utilizes the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signal measured by progressively increasing the stimulation temperature from 50 to 250 °C in step of 50 °C, so-called multi-elevated-temperature post-IR IRSL (MET-pIRIR) measurements. Negligible anomalous fading was observed for the MET-pIRIR signals obtained at 200 and 250 °C. This was supported by equivalent dose (De) measurements using the IRSL and MET-pIRIR signals. The De values increase progressively from 50 °C to 200 °C, but similar De values were obtained for the MET-pIRIR signal at 200 and 250 °C. Measurement of modern …
Reply To Comment By Huntley On "Isochron Dating Of Sediments Using Luminescence Of K-Feldspar Grains", Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li, Hui Zhao
Reply To Comment By Huntley On "Isochron Dating Of Sediments Using Luminescence Of K-Feldspar Grains", Bo Li, Sheng-Hua Li, Hui Zhao
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
In our isochron studies using grains of different sizes, we observed that the IRSL ages obtained from K‐feldspar without correction for fading show an increase with increasing grain size [Li et al., 2007, 2008]. Huntley [2011a] argued that this result was caused by different fading rates for grains of different sizes or by different source materials for different sizes of grains. We replied to his comment [Li et al., 2011], suggesting that the phenomenon could be explained by there being different fading rates for the IRSL signals produced by natural and laboratory irradiation [Li et al., 2007, 2008]. Instead of …
Anthropogenic Trace Metal Contamination Of Port Kembla Harbour Sediments, Bryan E. Chenhall, Mark O'Donnell, D Garnett, Helen Waldron, Brian G. Jones
Anthropogenic Trace Metal Contamination Of Port Kembla Harbour Sediments, Bryan E. Chenhall, Mark O'Donnell, D Garnett, Helen Waldron, Brian G. Jones
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Detailed geochemical investigation of the bottom sediments in Port Kembla Harbour using neutron activation (NAA) and X-ray-fluorescence (XRF) techniques has delineated areas severely impacted by anthropogenically-sourced trace elements including potentially toxic metals (Pb, Cu) and metalloids (As and Se). In the south western section of Port Kembla Outer Harbour, copper concentrations in excess of 6000 ppm (~30x ANZECC-ARMCANZ (2000) ISQG-high trigger value) are associated with significant (i.e. above ISQH-high) concentrations oflead, zinc and arsenic. The potential source of sediment contamination here is the Port Kembla Copper (formerly ERS and Southern Copper) smelter. Port Kembla Inner Harbour sediments are geochemically distinct …
Heavy Minerals In Modern Sediments Of The Minnamurra Estuary And Shelf Environment, Nsw, Australia, Rabea Haredy, Brian G. Jones, Adrian C. Hutton
Heavy Minerals In Modern Sediments Of The Minnamurra Estuary And Shelf Environment, Nsw, Australia, Rabea Haredy, Brian G. Jones, Adrian C. Hutton
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Provenance and sediment distribution have been investigated in the Minnamurra estuary and the adjacent shelf in NSW, Australia. Heavy mineral assemblages in the sand fractions (63-250 f.lm) of 110 surficial sediment samples were assessed using microscopic and microprobe analyses. In addition to the dominant opaque minerals, twelve translucent heavy mineral species were identified. The translucent assemblage is dominated by pyroxene, zircon, tourmaline and hornblende. Statistical cluster analysis of heavy mineral percentages in the surficial sediments revealed the existence of five mineralogical facies: the upper fluvial part of the estuary, the Minnamurra spit and elevated inner sand terrace, the estuary inlet …