Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Comparing The Effects Of Direct And Indirect Learning Strategies On Iranian Efl Learners' Vocabulary Learning, Ali Taghinezhad

Ali Taghinezhad

Vocabulary is vital to English language teaching since without a sufficient knowledge ofvocabulary students are not able to understand others or to express their ideas. Therefore,several indirect and direct strategies have been proposed to improve vocabulary learning.Whether indirect or direct strategies can contribute more to vocabulary learning has been asignificant issue. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the influence of indirect anddirect learning strategies on the vocabulary learning of Iranian EFL learners. To this end,ninety upper-intermediate students were selected from two English language institutes inShiraz, Iran. Students were divided into two experimental groups. One experimental group(A) received vocabulary instruction using …

Articulation And Acoustics Of Kannada Affricates: A Case Of Geminate /ʧ/, Alexei Kochetov, N. Sreedevi

Alexei Kochetov

Affricates have been observed to be problematic in phonological acquisition and disordered speech across languages, due to their relatively complex spatial and temporal articulatory patterns. Remediation of difficulties in the production of affricates requires understanding of how these sounds are typically produced. This study presents the first systematic articulatory and acoustic investigation of voiceless geminate affricate /ʧ/ in Kannada (a Dravidian language), compared to the palatal glide and the voiceless dental stop. Ultrasound data from 10 normal speakers from Mysore, India revealed that /ʧ/ is produced with the tongue shape intermediate between the palatal glide and the dental stop, and …

The Hagadah Of Pesah In Amazigh Tradition, J. G. A. Saviranta

Akseli Saviranta

This document examines the text of the Hagadah of the Jewish festivity of Pesah as celebrated by the North African Amazighs of Tinghir in Morocco. Its beginning presents an overview of the history and the cultures of the Amazigh, Jewish, and Judeo-Amazigh communities in North Africa. The celebration of Pesah, as a milestone in Jewish creed and history, is studied within the North African context and with particular attention to the local Hagadah translations. Among these translations, the Judeo-Amazigh text of Tinghir represents one of the few if not the only known text in existence in a Judeo-Amazigh language. A …

The Role Of Error Analysis In Teaching And Learning Of Second And Foreign Language, Agsa Jabeen, Bahram Kazemian, Muhammad Shahbaz Mustafai

Bahram Kazemian

The aim of this paper is to investigate errors made by second and foreign language (L2) learners so as to understand the strategies and techniques used in the process of second and foreign language learning. Error analysis is a very important area of applied linguistics as well as of second and foreign language learning. It is also a systematic method to analyze learners' errors. Errors are not always bad, rather they are crucial parts and aspects in the process of learning a language. They may provide insights into the complicated processes of language development as well as a systematic way …

An Investigation Of The Reading Text ‘Pakistan Zindabad’ (Long Live Pakistan): Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective, Sheeraz Ali, Bahram Kazemian, Faraz Ali Bughio

Bahram Kazemian

This paper is a critical study in Critical Discourse Analysis paradigm of a Textbook prescribed for intermediate students (Second Language Learners) in Government Colleges affiliated to the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan. The textbook contains selected texts to improve students reading skills integrated with writing activities. Each of the texts contains questions at the end to be answered. It is observed that the reading tasks are badly designed and there is no mental activity to involve students in the text discourse. The study focuses on critical discourse of the underlying text to inspect whether the …

Critical Discourse Analysis Of A Reading Text ‘Pakistan And The Modern World’: A Speech By Liaquat Ali Khan, Sheeraz Ali, Bahram Kazemian

Bahram Kazemian

This paper presents some key concepts in studying and analyzing the aspects of communication critically. It has always been crucial and a complex phenomenon for the experts in the field of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to decode and deduce the meaning of a text through context. They examine and attribute language as a social process involving context to determine the meaning of an utterance to its producer and receiver. It has also been of great interest and enthusiasm for discourse analysts to explore and identify the underlying objective of meaning carrying an ideological message based on religious, sociopolitical, and historical …

Translating Mathematical Texts, Jose Mojca, Bahram Kazemian Mr.

Bahram Kazemian

Translating Scientific texts is crucial for disseminating scientific knowledge and consequently for the progress of specific scientific fields.

Gender Issues In The Lion And The Jewel By Wole Soyinka: A Linguistics-Oriented Analysis From A Systemic Functional Grammar And Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective :: Science Publishing Group, Patrice C. Akogbeto, Albert O. Koukpossi

Bahram Kazemian

The term gender is relatively new in such disciplines as Sociology, Anthropology, Political Science, Sociolinguistics, let alone with Literary Linguistics. As opposed to sex which refers to biological characteristics, gender is culture based. Nowadays, it is actively recommended to include aspects of gender in whatever project we undertake. The present article is an attempt at probing the language used by male and female characters in Soyinka’s The Lion and the Jewel to see how gender issues are grounded in the play to let it play its didactic role. The aim is to pinpoint the way female and male are represented …

An Investigation Of Nominalization And Lexical Density In Undergraduate Research Proposals, Thu Ha T. Nguyen, Emily C. Edwards

Bahram Kazemian

Academic writing is considered an essential skill for academic success not only for undergraduate study but also for students’ further education and professional development. This writing genre has certain characteristics often lacking in students’ research writing. This study explores two characteristics in students’ research proposals, nominalization and lexical density (LD), after the students completed courses on academic writing and Second Language Research (SLR) in their second year at a Vietnamese pedagogical university. It also investigates the effectiveness of writing training in increasing students’ performance regarding the use of given features. The findings, obtained from analyzing students’ proposals and recorded interviews, …

Energetika V Prezidentských Kampaních Baracka Obamy, Monique Pilařová

Bahram Kazemian

This thesis provides a comprehensive insight into Barack Obama’s energy vision as it was presented in his speeches during both presidential campaigns. In every period the ratio of energy references was first observed and compared to other topics. Subsequently the energy issues and sources of energy that Obama favoured in his speeches were determined. This work uses a variety of methods associated with content analysis: qualitative content analysis, quantitative content analysis and network analysis. Using these methods a comprehensive analysis of Obama's election speeches was achieved and is now presented in this work. Continuity or difference between presidential elections in …

Code-Switching In Urdu Books Of Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore, Pakistan, Mehwish Noor, Behzad Anwar, Fakharh Muhabat, Bahram Kazemian

Bahram Kazemian

The study highlights English code-switching in Punjab Urdu textbooks. The research aims at finding and categorizing Urdu-English code-switches. Another rationale behind the study is to present Urdu equivalents of the switches from an Urdu-English dictionary; for instance, adakar for actor and sayyah for tourist. Textbooks of 5th, 6th, 9th and 10th class are selected for data collection. A number of instances are observed at morpheme, word, phrase and clause levels. Data is analyzed qualitatively. The data analysis shows switches at all the mentioned levels. The researchers propose the revision of the existing textbooks in the light of the given equivalents …

Systemic Functional Linguistics Mood Analysis Of The Last Address Of The Holy Prophet (Pbuh), Mehwish Noor, Moazzam Ali, Fakharh Muhabat, Bahram Kazemian

Bahram Kazemian

The study highlights the functional and semantic properties of the last address of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). The study is based upon Halliday’s (1985) SFL Mood analysis. The data obtained from the last address of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) are analyzed in tables. The analysis of 56 clauses reveals that 32 are declarative, 22 are imperative; whereas, only one is interrogative clause. A brief discussion explains the functional structural meanings based on clausal Mood classification. The study of the religious text discusses interpersonal metafunction of language. It highlights the power relations of the participants. The study fills the gap of …

Call For Papers In Communication & Linguistics Studies (Cls), Communication & Linguistics Studies (Cls)

Communication & Linguistics Studies (CLS)

Dear Valued Professors, Scholars and Colleagues This is to invite and inquire about paper submission in Communication & Linguistics Studies (CLS) published by Science Publishing Group (ScincePG). SciencePG is a fast and an independent international publisher of 110+ open access, online, peer-reviewed journals covering a wide range of academic disciplines. It is indexed and abstracted in Crossref, EZ3, ZDB, Journal Seek, DRJI, world Cat, Academic Keys, Research Bible, Google Scholar, CAS etc.

Call For Editorial Board Members And Reviewers In Communication & Linguistics Studies (Cls), Communication & Linguistics Studies (Cls)

Communication & Linguistics Studies (CLS)

Communication & Linguistics Studies (CLS) is seeking scholars interested in serving as volunteer Editorial Board Members and Reviewers. If you are interested in, please submit your complete CV to bahram_kazemian@yahoo.com along with the following information (A) or refer to the following guidelines (B) to register in the site.

Phonology, Geoffrey S. Nathan

Geoffrey S. Nathan

This paper will discuss the ways in which Cognitive Grammar (CG) has integrated the fundamental concepts of phonology. Phonology has traditionally been the neglected stepchild of CG, in part because the initial excitement of CG revolved around the insightful semantic analyses of what had previously been thought to be purely syntactic or arbitrary lexical puzzles, and phonology is, by definition, about meaningless units. Additionally, phonology deals with the coordination of motor activity and auditory perception, areas that initially didn’t seem to lend themselves to the conceptual tools of CG.

Unlike much work on syntax and semantics, research within several of …

Foreign Language Assessments And Interpretive Communication: A Literacy-Based Perspective, Kate Paesani

Kate Paesani

This presentation proposes a reconceptualization of interpretive communication through the lens of foreign language (FL) literacy and the multiliteracies framework. The communicative modes and multiliteracies frameworks are similar because they suggest curricular goals for FL programs grounded in cultural content and adopt a broad understanding of communication in which language modalities are overlapping. They differ because the multiliteracies framework additionally outlines a pedagogical approach that puts into practice goals, content, and communication and foregrounds texts as the core content of FL courses. Indeed, the literacy-based learning processes of interpretation, collaboration, problem solving, and reflection expand our understanding of how learners …

Aligning Goals, Objectives, And Assessments: A Multiliteracies Perspective, Kate Paesani, Heather Willis Allen

Kate Paesani

In this session, we show how goals, objectives, and assessments in introductory foreign language (FL) programs can be articulated to reflect principles of the multiliteracies framework. Using the backward design model, we consider how to create instructional goals that reflect linguistic, cognitive, and sociocultural dimensions of literacy and how to align objectives with principles of interpretation, collaboration, problem solving, and reflection. We further argue that to effectively measure objectives, assessments should view language and literacy broadly, be multidimensional, and link clearly to teaching and learning. This literacy-based approach thus represents a shift away from the emphasis on acquisition of language …

Sequencing The Presentation Of Grammar Items To Attract Student Interest, Arshad Abd Samad

Arshad Abd Samad

The teaching of grammar is a challenging task as teachers need to present technical information about the language in such a way that would interest and attract the attention of students. In addition to the lesson itself, the presentation sequence of grammatical items as in the grammar syllabus can also influence how well students respond. Teachers often decide to present and focus on grammatical items to beginner, intermediate and advanced level students based on criteria such as level of difficulty and order of acquisition. Biber (1998), however, proposed that grammar should be presented according to narrative, informational and interactive text …

Translation Of Legal Texts Between Arabic And English: The Case Study Of Marriage Contracts, Mohammed H. Al Aqad

Mohammed H. M. Al Aqad

Over decades, there used to be a number of studies on Legal translation since it was one of the most challenging issues for translators and it still a critical and authoritative translation produced by legal bodies. Actually, translating legal texts might raise some problems in translation pertaining to the differences between the Source and Target Texts. Thus, it can result in a certain amount of ambiguity with respect to the legal texts, as it belongs to people‟s beliefs and cultures. This study investigates the quality of the translated message from Arabic into English. Hence, the focus is on the changes …

Deployment Of Ideational Grammatical Metaphor In English Academic Discourse, Yang Lian, Bahram Kazemian Mr.

Bahram Kazemian

In the past three decades, the scholars both abroad and in China have done a lot of studies on grammatical metaphor from different perspectives. However, the deployment of grammatical metaphor in English academic discourse did not catch so much of scholars' attention. Besides, most of the studies on grammatical metaphor have been done in qualitative analysis, which leads to inadequate research in quantitative analysis. Therefore, the present study aims to fill the research gap of empirically grounded studies on grammatical metaphor in English academic discourse by making an exploration on its actual realization and distribution. The present study is based …

Nominalizations In Scientific And Political Genres: A Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective, Bahram Kazemian, Somayyeh Hashemi

Bahram Kazemian

Language, science and politics go together and learning these genres is to learn a language created for codifying, extending and conveying scientific and political knowledge. Grammatical metaphor is divided into two broad areas: ideational and interpersonal. This article focuses on the first type of grammatical metaphor, i.e. the ideational one, which includes process types and nominalization. The principal objective of the current work is to analyze a corpus comprising 10 scientific and 10 political texts. The Ideational Grammatical Metaphor framework was used to carry out an analysis on these texts to pinpoint their similarities and dissimilarities. The analysis indicates that …

Alternative Translation Approach – Part I: "Labor Division", Ludvig Glavati

Ludvig Glavati

No abstract provided.

English As A Lingua Franca In Higher Education In Malaysia, Azirah Hashim

Azirah Hashim

This paper examines the role of English in higher education in Malaysia within the context of Southeast Asia, ASEAN, and the global challenges the country faces. It surveys the uses, functions of and demand for English in Malaysia and the region. The practices and needs of higher education institutions are contextualized within the progression from secondary education upwards and the history of educational policies. This paper discusses English needs of higher education as set inside multilingual contexts where English functions as the default language. The nature of English in Malaysia and across Southeast Asia is highly diverse and variable and …

Applications Of Language Policy And Planning To Deaf Education, Sarah Compton, Francis M. Hult

Sarah Compton

No abstract provided.

American Sign Language As A Heritage Language, Sarah Compton

Sarah Compton

This chapter considers how American Sign Language (ASL)—a visual-manual language—is a heritage language of deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing people in the United States. Traditionally, heritage language education and maintenance efforts have centered on spoken languages. This chapter aims to broaden the scope to include signed languages. It begins with a historical overview of ASL, explicates for whom ASL is a heritage language, and examines the influence of current policy trends and technological advancements on language shift and language maintenance. Particular attention is drawn to the role of deaf communities in fostering language maintenance despite concerted efforts to restrict …

Cecl: A New Baseline And A Non-Compositional Approach For The Sick Benchmark., Yves Bestgen

Yves Bestgen

This paper describes the two procedures for determining the semantic similarities between sentences submitted for the SemEval 2014 Task 1. MeanMaxSim, an unsupervised procedure, is proposed as a new baseline to assess the efficiency gain provided by compositional models. It outperforms a number of other baselines by a wide margin. Compared to the word-overlap baseline, it has the advantage of taking into account the distributional similarity between words that are also involved in compositional models. The second procedure aims at building a predictive model using as predictors MeanMaxSim and (transformed) lexical features describing the differences between each sentence of a …

Sentence-Initial Adverbials And Text Comprehension., Yves Bestgen, Sophie Piérard

Yves Bestgen

In the last thirty years, numerous linguists have stressed the discourse functions of adverbials. More specifically, sentence-initial temporal and spatial adverbials are often seen as signals that highlight the beginning of a new discourse unit for which they provide the setting. These expressions are thus supposed to affect the reading processes. This paper reports psycholinguistic experiments in which the impact on comprehension of sentence-initial adverbials has been specifically studied. In the first section, we summarize the two discourse functions these adverbials should play according to linguistic theories: signalling the beginning of a new textual unit (the segmenting function) and setting …

Extraction Automatique De Collocations : Peut-On Étendre Le Test Exact De Fisher À Des Séquences De Plus De 2 Mots?, Yves Bestgen

Yves Bestgen

In textual statistics, as in natural language processing and corpus linguistics, the study of sequences of contiguous words that occur together more often than by chance is a major topic of interest. In the case of pairs of words, Fisher's exact test is becoming the reference index to identify them. The objective of this study is to propose a generalization of this index to the analysis of trigrams and longer sequences using a Monte-Carlo procedure. The results of an initial evaluation suggest that this approach could complement other indices, but also that it has a major drawback: a large number …

Quantifying The Development Of Phraseological Competence In L2 English Writing: An Automated Approach, Yves Bestgen, Sylviane Granger

Yves Bestgen

Based on the large body of research that shows phraseology to be pervasive in language, this study aims to assess the role played by phraseological competence in the development of L2 writing proficiency and text quality assessment. We propose to use CollGram, a technique that assigns to each pair of contiguous words (bigrams) in a learner text two association scores (mutual information and t-score) computed on the basis of a large reference corpus, the Corpus of Contemporary American English. Applied to the Michigan State University Corpus of second language writing, CollGram shows a longitudinal decrease in the use of collocations …

Voicing And Tongue-Palate Contact Differences In Japanese Obstruents, Alexei Kochetov

Alexei Kochetov

The paper presents an electropalatographic investigation of supralaryngeal correlates of voicing in Japanese obstruents. Intervocalic voiced and voiceless stops and fricatives in different vowel contexts were elicited from 5 Japanese speakers wearing custom-made artificial palates with 64 electrodes. The results revealed systematic differences between voiced and voiceless consonants of the same place and manner, yet markedly different for stops and fricatives. While voiced stops showed less linguopalatal contact than voiceless stops, voiced fricatives showed the opposite – more contact and a narrower central groove than the respective voiceless fricatives. Both patterns are consistent with previous findings on voicing in other …