Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Detecting Recent Crop Phenology Dynamics In Corn And Soybean Cropping Systems Of Kentucky, Yanjun Yang, Bo Tao, Liang Liang, Yawen Huang, Christopher J. Matocha, Chad D. Lee, Michael Sama, Bassil El Masri, Wei Ren

Geography Faculty Publications

Accurate phenological information is essential for monitoring crop development, predicting crop yield, and enhancing resilience to cope with climate change. This study employed a curve-change-based dynamic threshold approach on NDVI (Normalized Differential Vegetation Index) time series to detect the planting and harvesting dates for corn and soybean in Kentucky, a typical climatic transition zone, from 2000 to 2018. We compared satellite-based estimates with ground observations and performed trend analyses of crop phenological stages over the study period to analyze their relationships with climate change and crop yields. Our results showed that corn and soybean planting dates were delayed by 0.01 …

Assessment Of Grain Safety In Developing Nations, Jose R. Mendoza

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Grains are the most widely consumed foods worldwide, with maize (Zea mays) being frequently consumed in developing countries where it feeds approximately 900 million people under the poverty line of 2 USD per day. While grain handling practices are acceptable in most developed nations, many developing nations still face challenges such as inadequate field management, drying, and storage. Faulty grain handling along with unavoidably humid climates result in recurrent fungal growth and spoilage, which compromises both the end-quality and safety of the harvest. This becomes particularly problematic where there is little awareness about health risks associated with poor …

Development Of Arkansas Net Energy Equation, Katie Hilton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The modern broiler is growing at a rapid rate generating tremendous amounts of heat. A sensitive Net Energy (NE) system is needed to measure body heat production (HP) generated primarily by daily maintenance and synthesis and degradation of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein. The first two chapters present evaluation of the classic way to calculate NE versus a new methodology; the Arkansas NE (Ark NE) system, with birds from two genetic lines fed diets with different AA content or different ME content in two different environmental temperatures.

Utilizing together the Net Energy maintenance (NEm), determined from indirect calorimetry, and Net Energy …

Divergence Of Usda Trade Payments For Corn, Soybean, And Wheat Producers And ‘Nowcasts’ Of Tariff Impacts, Matthew Elliott, Lisa Elliott

Matthew Elliott

No abstract provided.

Wildlife Damage To Crops Adjacent To A Protected Area In Southeastern Mexico: Farmers’ Perceptions Versus Actual Impact, Gabriel Can-Hernández, Claudia Villanueva-García, Elías José Gordillo-Chávez, Coral Jazvel Pacheco-Figueroa, Elizabeth Pérez-Netzahual, Rodrigo García-Morales

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Human–wildlife conflicts occur when wildlife has an adverse effect on human activities (e.g., predation of livestock, crop raiding). These conflicts are increasing, particularly in areas surrounding natural protected areas, where villagers engage in subsistence agriculture. Crop damage may cause farmers to retaliate and harm wildlife species considered responsible for the damage. Among the factors that determine the intensity of the conflict are the frequency of the damage and the amount of biomass consumed relative to the perceptions, values, and cultural history of the farmers affected. To better understand the conflicts between farmers and wildlife, we compared farmer perceptions of wildlife …

Jaggers, Katie Thompson (Fa 1107), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

FA Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project 1107. Paper titled “Methods of Corn Production in an Edmonson Co[unty] Community” in which Katie Jaggers Charts the history of corn harvesting by traditional means, such as using mules, shovels, wagons, and A-harrows, up through the current practice of employing highly-tech machinery. Paper is based on information collected by Jaggers from two brothers, Edgar and Harry Thompson, who resided in Lindseyville, Kentucky. Collection also includes color photos and descriptions of traditional farming machinery.

Performance Of The Producer Accumulator In Corn And Soybean Commodity Markets, Chad Te Slaa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research quantifies risk reduction and performance of the producer accumulator contract in corn and soybean markets. To quantify performance, we use three alternative theoretical pricing models to estimate historical producer accumulator contract specifications in corn and soybean markets. We then compare the performance of the producer accumulator to eight alternative agricultural marketing strategy portfolios that are also used in new generation grain contracts. The performance measures we compare are: average bushel price that would be received by the producer, daily portfolio risk, and the Sharpe ratio. The period we examine performance was between 2008 and 2017. We investigate performance …

From Milpas To The Market: A Study On The Use Of Metal Silos For Safer And Better Storage Of Guatemalan Maize, José Rodrigo Mendoza

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This project aimed to implement the use of metal silos to improve quality and safety of maize consumed by inhabitants of the highlands of Guatemala. This manuscript includes a literature review of the maize production chain in Guatemala, a survey about agricultural practices used in the region of study, as well as a characterization of the analyzed maize regarding its mycoflora, nutritional composition, and insect infestation. To better understand the current situation regarding agricultural practices and maize consumption, a survey was carried out. Sample consisted of 280 families representing 14 rural communities distributed in the townships of Todos Santos and …

Evaluation Of Low-Tannin Grain Sorghum In Broiler Chicken Diets, Samantha Aniecia Shelton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Research trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary grain sorghum on broiler live performance, carcass yield and shank (leg) and breast skin coloring. Iso-caloric diets were formulated where sorghum replaced corn at rates of 0% (control), 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% for a total of 6 diets. For each of the two trials, 1500 Cobb 500 male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 60 pens with 25 birds per pen (10 pens/diet) and grown to 46 days for the first research trial and 41 days for the second. There were no differences (P>.05) …

Superweeds And Suspect Seeds: Does The Genetically-Engineered Crop Deregulation Process Put American Agriculture At Risk, Margaret Sova Mccabe

Law Faculty Scholarship

The federal government’s regulatory approach to genetically engineered (GE) crops, known as “The Framework”, is now twenty-five years old. Despite two and half decades of a consistent regulatory regime, GE crop and food regulation remains controversial. This article suggests that regulatory science and its tenets of independence, transparency, and public science should guide reforms of The Framework so that it is an efficient and reliable regulatory system. The article has four parts: 1) it provides a brief overview of the history of GE crop regulation; 2)it describes the key attributes of The Framework and related regulatory documents, with particular focus …

Ewan, A. Early (Sc 2427), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

MSS Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 2427. Letter from A. Early Ewan, Warren County, Kentucky county agriculture extension agent, to members of the Warren County Corn-Hog Production Control Association relating information about contracts to limit production of the commodities mentioned.

Corn (Zea Mays L.) Yield Response To Nitrogen Fertilizer In Conventional And Alternative Rotations, M. M. Harbur, M. Ghaffarzadeh, R. M. Cruse

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Nitrogen (N) fertilization recommendations are not available for corn in rotation with small grains or forages despite the possibility that the N response may differ from that of more conventional corn-soybean rotations. Rotations of corn with soybean (CS), corn with soybean and oat (CSO) and corn with soybean and an oat/berseem clover intercrop (CSOB) were established in 1991 and studied from 1993 through 1998 to determine the optimal N fertilization level for corn produced in each rotation. Corn in each rotation received NH4N03 applied at the rates of 0, 56, 112, or 168 kg N ha^-1. Significant differences …

Higher Population And Twin Row Configuration Does Not Benefit Strip Intercropped Corn, M. M. Harbur, R. M. Cruse

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Increased corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield with strip intercropping, made possible because of increased edge effects, makes this soil-conserving crop production system appealing to farmers. The objective of this study was to determine the population and row configuration needed to optimize the additional yield potential in each outside corn row. Treatments 'included: 74, 99, and 124 thousand plants ha^-1 were grown in twin rows and 74 thousand plants ha^-1 grown in single rows. Single rows or twin row centers were spaced 0.76 m. The experiment was conducted at four central Iowa sites during 1996 and 1997. Grain …

Inheritance And Number Of Genes Affecting Quantitative Traits Within F2 Maize Populations, D. H. Schmidt, A. R. Hallauer

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Populations derived from crosses of elite genotypes are commonly used in plant breeding programs. Knowledge of the genetic variation among individuals and their progenies within F2 populations is essential for effective selection of important traits. The genetic variation and number of effective factors affecting the expression of quantitative traits within 30 F2 maize (Zea mays L.) populations were determined by different methods suggested for study of F2 populations. Estimates of heritability and number of effective factors varied among F2 populations for each trait, primarily because of the differences in trait expression between parents of crosses and the environmental effects upon …

Genetic Variation Among And Within S1 Progenies Of Maize, R. J. Getschman, A. R. Hallauer

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Inbred line development consumes a great portion of the breeder's time and resources in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs. Source populations for line development often are developed by selfing F2 populations developed from elite line crosses. Visual selection is practiced among and within selfed progenies during the selection process for one or two generations before evaluated in testcrosses for combining ability. Effective discrimination among and within inbred and testcross progenies depends on the amount of genetic variation present. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of selection among and within S₁ progenies developed from crosses …

Anatomical Characterization Of Western Corn Rootworm Damage In Adventitious Roots Of Maize, Walter E. Riedell, Alice Y. Kim

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Corn rootworms are one of the most economically damaging insect pests of maize, yet little is known about the feeding behavior of the larvae. This study was conducted to determine which tissues of the adventitious roots of maize are damaged by western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) larval feeding. Root axes (10 cm long) were removed from the fifth node of greenhouse-grown maize plants. Root segments 2 cm long, excised 4 or 6 cm from the root tip, were infested with second or third stage larvae, respectively, (0, 1, 3, or 6 larvae per segment) for a period of …

Estimates Of Genetic Variability In F2 Maize Populations, Geng-Chen Han, A. R. Hallauer

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Maize (Zea mays L.) breeders emphasize selection within F₂ populations derived from crosses of inbred lines: Studies of the inheritance of quantitative traits in maize have been conducted primarily for generically broad-based populations. Objectives of our study were to estimate the generic variability in F₂ populations developed from crosses of related and unrelated lines and to determine the effects of five generations of random intermating of plants within F₂ populations on the estimates of genetic variability. Estimates of additive genetic variability were greater in the unrelated line crosses, but the estimates were not significantly different before and …

The San Joaquin–Sacramento Delta, David R. Beringer

Water Quality Control: Integrating Beneficial Use and Environmental Protection (Summer Conference, June 1-3)

20 pages.

Contains 2 pages of references.