Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Barriers Experienced By First Nations Deaf People In The Justice System, Brent Elder, Karen Soldatic, Michael A. Schwartz, Jody Barney, Damien Howard, Patrick Mcgee

College of Education Faculty Scholarship

Anecdotal evidence strongly suggests that members of the First Nations Deaf community experience more barriers when engaging with the criminal justice system than those who are not deaf. Therefore, our purpose for writing this article is to highlight legal and policy issues related to First Nations Deaf people, including perspectives of professionals working with these communities, living in Australia who have difficulty in accessing supports within the criminal justice system. In this article, we present data from semi-structured qualitative interviews focused on four key themes: (a) indefinite detention and unfit to plead, (b) a need for an intersectional approach to …

Collective Bargaining, Police Pay, And Racial Differences In Police Lethality Rates, Thaddeus Johnson, Natasha N. Johnson, William Sabol, Megan Ariel Hartman, David T. Snively

CJC Publications

This study examines the interaction effects of police collective bargaining authorization and police pay on racial differences in police-related fatalities. Using data from Fatal Encounters, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, and other publicly available databases, we applied entropy-weighted regressions to a balanced panel of 282 local police departments from 2000 to 2013 in the United States. We found that collective bargaining authorization is not directly associated with police-caused deaths. However, results indicate that higher median salaries for city police officers directly and meaningfully contribute to fewer people killed by police actions. When considering interactive effects, our findings suggest that police …

A Quantitative Study On Operational And Organizational Stress On Game Wardens, Lori A. Perez

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

There has been a notable gap in research concerning stress among game wardens within the law enforcement field. Game wardens encounter operational and organizational stressors similar to those faced by traditional law enforcement officers. Previous research on stress in game wardens has predominantly focused on operational stress, the transition of their duties towards more traditional law enforcement roles, and various stress-inducing factors. This quantitative study utilized the Police Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) survey to analyze both operational and organizational stress in Maine Game Wardens. The research aimed to address two primary research questions: firstly, examining organizational and occupational stress utilizing the …

The Safest Suburbs In The Mountain West, 2023, Ivan Sun, Zachary Billot, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Cities & Metros

This fact sheet presents data from the Smart Asset report, “America’s Safest Suburbs – 2023 Study,” which examines the 370 safest suburbs in the United States and the 35 most affordable safest suburbs. This fact sheet focuses on data for the nine safest suburbs and most affordable safe suburbs in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah ranking among the top 100 safest suburbs in the United States.

Criminal Justice: Crime & Punishment, Carlene Barnaby

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Criminal Justice: Minorities In Criminal Justice Revised (Crj 7200), Vanda Seward, Peleya Patterson

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Criminal Justice: Corrections And Sentencing (Crj 7000), Vanda Seward

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Criminal Justice: Fieldwork, Carlene Barnaby

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Silencing And Surveillance: The Struggle Of Same-Sex Desire In The Shadow Of The 20th-Century Police State, Ethan Dunn

Honors Theses

This paper investigates the intersection of social perceptions of vice and gender norms in shaping the policing of sexual orientation and sexuality during the turn of the twentieth century. Employing a legal analysis rooted in the law and society movement and critical legal studies, this study examines how social anxieties surrounding vice and vice crimes prompted swift legislative measures at both federal and state levels, resulting in statutes characterized by broad language that granted extensive discretion to law enforcement officials and judges. The emergence of morals and vice police squads further intensified the targeting of individuals who deviated from prevailing …

Top Of The C.L.A.S.S. Connecting Leadership And Student Success, Natasha N. Johnson, Thaddeus Johnson

CJC Publications

This chapter highlights the direct correlation between effective leadership and student achievement. The development – and execution – of a concrete leadership framework is necessary for organizational structure and serves as a standard of excellence that surpasses any potentially harmful influences (such as race, socioeconomic status, family structure, gender, culture, and disability, among others). The establishment of this agenda occurs as individuals continually strive for self-fulfillment. Through this process, one can effectively guide others while working towards their own personal and professional objectives. Ultimately, this distinguishes successful leaders from the rest and represents the goal to which leaders should aspire: …

The Kruger Collection Reimagined: A Case Study In 3d Scanning And Interactive Exhibit Design, Jonathan Robert Garcia

Anthropology Department: Theses

As archaeology and its applications into forensic contexts develop into the growing discipline of forensic archaeology, an increasing amount of literature has resulted stemming from research on the integration of common archaeological methods. However, much of this literature is intended for professional archaeologists or forensic anthropologists who are well experienced in their respective disciplines. Emerging literature generally does not consider those who leads efforts at forensic scenes in the outdoors such as law enforcement officers who often lack a background in archaeology or forensic anthropology. This thesis seeks to resolve this dilemma by creating a new and accessible manual. The …

A Manual On The Planning And Integration Of Archaeological Methods Into Outdoor Forensic Search Investigations, Leanna Annette Sanford

Anthropology Department: Theses

This research is on how human variation can lead to the identification of remains based on skeletal variation. The data were collected by performing a morphoscopic trait study of the John A. Williams (J.A.W.) Documented Human Skeletal Collection at Western Carolina University in Cullowhee, NC (USA). Morphoscopic traits are nonmetric traits, visually identified using the knowledge of osteology. The study was performed to study variation of the vertebral column, specifically focusing on morphoscopic traits of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. The focus of this research is centralized on the presence of numerical variations in the vertebral column such as eleven …

How Gender Affirming Care Affects The Current Sex Estimation Standards In Forensic Anthropology: A Preliminary Study, Maggie M. Klemm

Anthropology Department: Theses

Extensive site surveys and excavations on the Island of Barbuda led by Sophia Perdikaris have identified over 62 sites spanning from the Archaic time period to Historic times. Over the last 18 years, these multidisciplinary teams have focused on mapping all sites and performing rescue excavations on sites threatened by sea level rise, erosion or development. Two such sites are the Saladoid site of Seaview (BA016) and the Troumassoid site of Indian Town Trail (BA01). The dunes surrounding the site of Seaview receive the brunt of storms and hurricanes. In 1998 hurricane Georges exposed skeletal material now part of the …

Dummy File, Dakota Taylor

Anthropology Department: Theses

Current sex estimation standards in forensic anthropology are based on individuals whose gender matches their biological/osteological sex, also known as Cisgendered individuals. Recently, transgender individuals have started to become more common in the forensic context due to the increase in hate crimes and violence. This research builds upon past research done on how facial feminization surgery can affect both visual and metric methods, where it was found that forensic anthropologists should rely on the visual methods if they suspect someone to be transgender due to it being more accurate and being able to clearly state the scars left on the …

Building Capacity And Agency In Emergency Shelters In Paterson, Nj, Fanny Lauby

Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This paper outlines a consistent issue with Paterson City’s communication across departments, resulting in a lack of accessible data at multiple levels and a reduced knowledge among social workers and program coordinators. These citywide issues have contributed to a culture of confusion. The city of Paterson is improperly pursuing the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)’s “Housing First” approach, resulting in a relative lack of housing programs - constituting a matter of long-term concern for the city.

Addressing Youth Cannabis Poisonings In Paterson, Nj, Fanny Lauby

Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This report has found that various local stores within the city of Paterson have been packaging and displaying cannabis items in a similar fashion to candies popular with children, thus leading to instances of children purchasing these items and consuming them. This highlights issues surrounding enforcement of various New Jersey statutes regulating the distribution of cannabis items to those under the age of 21. This negligence at the hands of store owners has helped contribute to the increase of cannabis poisonings due to being so easily accessible by children. The increased normalization of cannabis uses with its legalization and the …

The Evolving Crime Of Sex Trafficking, Madison Krause

Senior Honors Theses

Human trafficking is a global crime that occurs in all countries regardless of status or rank. It victimizes both genders and all age groups. The two most common types of human trafficking are for the purposes of forced labor and commercialized sexual exploitation. The demand for commercialized sexual exploitation has increased throughout the United States. Technology and social media have enhanced and made the ability to commit sex trafficking easier and more efficient. The ties between pornography and sexual exploitation have also had an impact on sex trafficking recruiting and grooming.

The Failures Of The United States Justice System, Barry Nash, James Hall, Joseph Harris, Jalyn Williams

ENGL 1102 Showcase

This is a compilation of research papers written under a common theme of United States Justice System Failures. This was done for an assignment in an English 1102 class.

Research Days Poster: Creation Of A Non-Profit And Non-Governmental Organization Cybersecurity Incident Reporting And Dataset Repository, Heni Patel, Gurdeep Singh

Center for Cybersecurity

Cyber attacks have become a major concern in today’s digital age, affecting organizations across various sectors and industries. Cyber attacks have increased over the years, with new attacks emerging, putting various public and private entities at risk. Non-Profit Organizations (NPOs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are no exception and are increasingly becoming targets of cyberattacks. In this context, cybersecurity has become a critical issue for NPOs and NGOs as they handle sensitive data and information related to their donors, beneficiaries, and operations. In this poster, we will delve into the topic of cybersecurity in the context of NGOs, exploring the types …

Domestic Violence Center Of Chester County Education Program, Isabella Nimmerichter, Meghan Ramick, Matt Saboe

Criminal Justice Student Work

Dating Violence is exceptionally prevalent among young adults. Dating violence includes physical, emotional, sexual, verbal abuse, and stalking. Implementing intervention and prevention tools within higher education is critical to teach young adults the warning signs of dating violence and where they can receive help. This study implemented a 2-session dating violence prevention program developed by the Domestic Violence Center of Chester County in Honors 100; a first-year course taken by all new honors students. We administered a pre-and post-survey to compare learning objectives before and after the education program. Specifically, we focused on recognizing relationship abuse, supporting others who have …

Christian Code Of Silence: The Church’S Current Response To Clergy Sexual Misconduct And Potential Improvements Utilizing Principles Of Restorative Justice, Skya Lau

Senior Honors Theses

The prevalent and pervasive issue of clergy sexual misconduct within the Christian church has been perpetuated under a code of silence through the use of perverted Scripture to support its tactics. By departing from biblically aligned principles, and silencing the victims and protecting the offenders, the church’s current response has detrimental effects, calling into question the moral standing of the church. However, by practically implementing the principles of community, accountability, and forgiveness found in restorative justice and interpreting them through a biblical lens, the church can begin to improve their response. In dismantling the code of silence, the church can …

The Perception Of Children As Reliable Eyewitnesses, Shelby Mcdonald

Psychology Student Papers and Posters

Eyewitness accounts have been integral to the criminal justice system. However, given that not every criminal case has forensic evidence that is available or admissible, the reliance on eyewitness accounts conjures questions about believability. This is an important area of research because the over-belief of witnesses may lead to wrongful convictions, yet under-belief may leave the victim without justice. The current study investigated how child-witness age, race, role as a witness (bystander versus victim), and the gender of the juror influenced the perception of child eyewitnesses through the lens of the Witness Credibility Model. Participants were presented with the testimony …

Discovering Significant Topics From Legal Decisions With Selective Inference, Jerrold Tsin Howe Soh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

We propose and evaluate an automated pipeline for discovering significant topics from legal decision texts by passing features synthesized with topic models through penalized regressions and post-selection significance tests. The method identifies case topics significantly correlated with outcomes, topic-word distributions which can be manually interpreted to gain insights about significant topics, and case-topic weights which can be used to identify representative cases for each topic. We demonstrate the method on a new dataset of domain name disputes and a canonical dataset of European Court of Human Rights violation cases. Topic models based on latent semantic analysis as well as language …

Moving Targets: An Examination Of Departmental Firearms Policies And Police Shooting At Vehicles, John Shjarback, Julie Ward

College of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty Scholarship

Research question: Do restrictive deadly force policies reduce the likelihood and frequency of police shootings at moving vehicles?

Conclusions:

Departments with more restrictive firearms policies re: moving vehicles were less likely to 1) have these types of shootings and 2) had fewer of them – net of controls

-Policy language instructing officers to move out of the way of moving vehicles was not associated with this subset of police shootings.

Pal Evaluation El Salvador - Process And Outcome Study, Kimberly Houser, Christine Saum, Evan Sorg, Joel Capellan

College of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Witness To A Homicide: Experiencing Vicarious Trauma At An Execution, Sandra Joy

College of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty Scholarship

The purpose of my study is to analyze data that I gathered during a 10-month sabbatical, when I took off in my RV and drove across the nation to interview witnesses of state and federal executions. The primary focus of my interviews was to examine the response of all parties present at an execution, in order to determine the extent and nature of vicarious trauma found among these witnesses.

Examining The Characteristics That Contribute To Recidivism Among Police Officers, 2006-2018, Grace M. Wadsworth, Eric M. Cooke, Philip M. Stinson

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Presentation at the annual meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences on March 22, 2024, in Chicago, IL.

Police Crime And Offense Outcomes: Examining The Effect Of Officer Rank, Sex, And Criminal Offense Type On Offense Outcomes, Kayla H. Glotzbecker, Eric M. Cooke, Philip M. Stinson

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Presentation at the annual meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences on March 22, 2024, in Chicago, IL.

An Exploratory Analysis Of The Trends And Characteristics Of Officers Who Engage In Profit-Motivated Crimes, Aubrey L. Hill, Molly A. Whetstone, Eric M. Cooke, Philip M. Stinson

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Presentation at the annual meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences on March 22, 2024, in Chicago, IL.

Cyber Defense Planning In Tabletop Exercises And Consideration Of A Fractured Flaw Theory For Security Applications, Patrick K. Kilroy Ii

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Cybersecurity threats endanger every part of American life. Security and emergency preparedness professionals plan and prevent cyber-attacks using tabletop exercises. The tabletop exercises establish the risks and protection strategies for multiagency threats, thus, various agencies and industrial partners must work together in these training events. The purpose of this grounded study will be to develop criteria for selecting tabletop participants and explore the risks of participation. An additional consideration is the impact of the sponsoring agencies' agenda on the value of the outcome for the participants. There is sufficient evidence to justify the investigation of these issues. Failing to include …