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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Correlation Between Tooth Root Translucency, Crystallinity, And Dna Preservation In Teeth For Unidentified Human Remains (Uhr) Investigations, Paul Yount
Master's Theses
Endogenous genetic material protected by the rigid, mineralized hard tissues of bones and teeth is often targeted for forensic DNA testing in missing persons and unidentified human remains (UHR) investigations. Although standard approaches have narrowed sample selection to a few optimal skeletal elements (i.e., weight-bearing long bones, teeth), subsampling and decisions beyond this can be challenging due to the non-uniform, heterogeneous pattern of postmortem diagenesis. One particular component of skeletal microstructure — the inorganic mineral matrix [hydroxyapatite (HAp), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] — is purported to play a major role in DNA preservation. The potential correlation between molecular changes to skeletal microstructure and …
Haplotype Analysis For Irish Ancestry, Heather Miller Coyle, Robert Whiting
Haplotype Analysis For Irish Ancestry, Heather Miller Coyle, Robert Whiting
Forensic Science Publications
Forensic haplotype analysis of the male Y chromosome is currently used to establish the number of male donors in sexual assaults, the number of male bleeders in blood pattern analysis, and for ancestry correlation to genetic founder populations in biogeographic studies. In forensic laboratory applications, its primary use is for DNA profile generation with trace amounts of male DNA in the presence of excess female DNA (e.g. spermatozoa identification, male component of fingernail scrapings). Our study supports the potential use of the Y chromosome in a “dragnet” approach (most haplotypes are unique) similar to that described by Kayser in 2017 …
Investigating The Isolation And Amplification Of Micrornas For Forensic Body Fluid Identification, Kelsie R. O'Leary, Claire L. Glynn
Investigating The Isolation And Amplification Of Micrornas For Forensic Body Fluid Identification, Kelsie R. O'Leary, Claire L. Glynn
Forensic Science Publications
Background: The discovery of forensic DNA typing evolved molecular biology far beyond what could have been expected in terms of its forensic application, and now there exists other developments in molecular biology which are ready for application to forensic challenges. One such challenge is the identification of the body fluid source of stains recovered from evidence items and crime scenes. Currently there are significant efforts in the research field to develop novel methods for the molecular identification of body fluids, with microRNAs (miRNAs) revealing great potential. MiRNAs have been shown to have high tissue specificity and are less susceptible to …
Touch Dna In A Complicated Alleged Child Abuse Case, Heather Miller Coyle
Touch Dna In A Complicated Alleged Child Abuse Case, Heather Miller Coyle
Forensic Science Publications
Touch DNA can be of use in establishing what may have occurred through reconstruction of events based on biological evidence transfer. However, interpretation of results and patterns must be approached with some caution as in the alleged child abuse case detailed here. This case was brought forward as a touch DNA and body fluid case where the male in question was a father reported to have forced a young child to perform oral sex on him. Her pajamas were collected and evaluated for presence of body fluids and associated DNA. The sleeves of the pajamas tested positive for amylase, a …
Field Testing Of Collection Cards For Cannabis Sativa Samples With A Single Hexanucleotide Dna Marker, Lindsey Allgeier, John Hemenway, Nicholas Shirley, Tommy Lanier, Heather Miller Coyle
Field Testing Of Collection Cards For Cannabis Sativa Samples With A Single Hexanucleotide Dna Marker, Lindsey Allgeier, John Hemenway, Nicholas Shirley, Tommy Lanier, Heather Miller Coyle
Forensic Science Publications
Abstract: The validity and feasibility of using DNA collection cards in the field for preservation and analysis of Cannabis sativa genotypes were investigated using a highly specific hexanucleotide marker. Collection cards were submitted to the National Marijuana Initiative, which selectively trained and managed the collection of specific types of samples from a variety of participating agencies. Samples collected at seizure sites included fresh marijuana leaf samples, dried “dispensary” samples, U.S. border seizures, and hashish. Using a standardized PCR kit with custom-labeled oligonucleotide primers specific to marijuana, collection cards produced eight genotypes and 13 different alleles, extremely low baselines, and no …
Dna And Homicide Clearance: What's Really Going On, David A. Schroeder
Dna And Homicide Clearance: What's Really Going On, David A. Schroeder
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Homicide clearance rates in the United States have been dropping steadily since the late 1960s. The literature on homicide clearance has yet to explore exactly what effect DNA evidence is having on the homicide investigation. As such, the increased use of DNA as an investigative tool to raise homicide clearance is hardly axiomatic. The current study examined homicides committed in Manhattan, New York, within the years 1996 to 2003 for the use of DNA evidence in making an arrest. An analysis was also conducted with an eye toward how useful DNA evidence could be—indicating that, via its current usage, the …