Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Intellectual Property Rights And Copyright Laws In The Regime Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In India, Hemavathy C

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been developing for two decades. The application of AI is budding quickly in business dealings, corporate communication and legal services. AI and Law Forms are increasingly important in the legal arena as they play a significant role in the economy and society. Scientists and policymakers together are facing some of the hardest problems with the advancement of machine learning, cryptology and data protection. This paper is very helpful for policymakers, economists, lawyers and technocrats in the aspect of the ethical use of AI in data protection, privacy, security and social corners turns into very relevant issues …

Law Library Blog (February 2024): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

The Library & Generative Ai, Nat Gustafson-Sundell, Mark Mccullough

Library Services Publications

A demonstration of several AI tools, including ChatGPT, ChatPDF, Consensus, and more. The focus of the session is on potential student uses of the tools and related library initiatives, so we address the limits of ChatGPT as an information source. Librarians can help students learn how to use these tools responsibly and provide leadership on campus as AI is integrated into assignments.

Confused About Copyright?, Sara Anne Hook

Graduate Scholarship and Professional Work

No abstract provided.

Generative Artificial Intelligence And Copyright Law, Christopher T. Zirpoli

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Recent innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) are raising new questions about how copyright law principles such as authorship, infringement, and fair use will apply to content created or used by AI. So-called “generative AI” computer programs—such as Open AI’s DALL-E 2 and ChatGPT programs, Stability AI’s Stable Diffusion program, and Midjourney’s self-titled program—are able to generate new images, texts, and other content (or “outputs”) in response to a user’s textual prompts (or “inputs”). These generative AI programs are “trained” to generate such works partly by exposing them to large quantities of existing works such as writings, photos, paintings, and other …

Copyright And Racism, Kimber Thomas

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Slides on copyright and racism by Dr. Kimber Thomas with an emphasis on United States copyright.

Includes points related to the origin of United States copyright law, original authorship and tangibility requirements, creation of works via oral or visual tradition and knowledge, the useful articles exclusion, and works made for hire.

Law Library Blog (April 2022): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Law Library Blog (January 2022): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

The Racial Politics Of Fair Use Fetishism, Anjali Vats

Articles

This short essay argues that the sometimes fetishistic desire on the part of progressive intellectual property scholars to defend fair use is at odds with racial justice. Through a rereading of landmark fair use cases using tools drawing from Critical Race Intellectual Property (“CRTIP”), it contends that scholars, lawyers, judges, practitioners, and activists would be well served by focusing on how fair use remains grounded in whiteness as (intellectual) property. It argues for doing so by rethinking the purpose of the Copyright Act of 1976 to be inclusive of Black, Brown, and Indigenous authors.

What Is The Relationship Between Language And Thought?: Linguistic Relativity And Its Implications For Copyright, Christopher S. Yoo

All Faculty Scholarship

To date, copyright scholarship has almost completely overlooked the linguistics and cognitive psychology literature exploring the connection between language and thought. An exploration of the two major strains of this literature, known as universal grammar (associated with Noam Chomsky) and linguistic relativity (centered around the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis), offers insights into the copyrightability of constructed languages and of the type of software packages at issue in Google v. Oracle recently decided by the Supreme Court. It turns to modularity theory as the key idea unifying the analysis of both languages and software in ways that suggest that the information filtering associated …

Submission To Canadian Government Consultation On A Modern Copyright Framework For Ai And The Internet Of Things, Sean Flynn, Lucie Guibault, Christian Handke, Joan-Josep Vallbé, Michael Palmedo, Carys J. Craig, Michael Geist, João Quintais

Testimony and Submissions

We are grateful for the opportunity to participate in the Canadian Government’s consultation on a modern copyright framework for AI and the Internet of Things. Below, we present some of our research findings relating to the importance of flexibility in copyright law to permit text and data mining (“TDM”). As the consultation paper recognizes, TDM is a critical element of artificial intelligence. Our research supports the adoption of a specific exception for uses of works in TDM to supplement Canada’s existing general fair dealing exception.

Empirical research shows that more publication of citable research takes place in countries with “open” …

Law Library Blog (March 2021): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Code Of Best Practices In Fair Use For Open Educational Resources: A Guide For Authors, Adapters & Adopters Of Openly Licensed Teaching And Learning Materials, Meredith Jacob, Peter Jaszi, Prudence S. Adler, William Cross

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

This code of best practices includes descriptions, hard cases, principles, and considerations for fair uses of materials in open educational resources with respect to United States copyright law, and with some discussion of copyright outside the United States context.

Open Educational Resources and Fair Use

Educators, librarians, and institutions have invested in the creation of openly licensed, freely distributed open educational resources (OER) to advance a wide range of goals within the educational system. Open educational resources enable flexible and open pedagogy; increase access to authorship and facilitate representation of different student experiences; and increase equity by reducing the barriers …

Library Of Congress [Docket No. 2021-1] Announcement Of Copyright Public Modernization Committee, Carla D. Hayden

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Action: Notice of convening of IT modernization public stakeholder committee.

Summary: The Library of Congress is convening a public committee to enhance communication and provide a public forum for the technology-related aspects of the U.S. Copyright Office's modernization initiative. At this time, the Library is announcing that it will accept applications from qualified members of the public to serve on this committee. The scope of contributions made by the committee are limited to the specific topics set forth in this notice. Membership will be on a volunteer basis, with the expectation of in-person or virtual participation at two open forums …

Creating An Open Works Workshop, Jenelys Cox, Nicolas Parés

University Libraries: Staff Scholarship

Learn how to use Creative Commons licensing, choose a hosting platform, and remix open resources. This workshop explores open resource repositories, examines Creative Commons licenses, remixes materials into a group creative work, and walks participants through considerations when hosting works. This workshop supplies valuable, hands-on experience for participants.

Introducing The Copyright Anxiety Scale, Amanda Wakaruk, Céline Gareau-Brennan, Matthew Pietrosanu

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Navigating copyright issues can be frustrating to the point of causing anxiety, potentially discouraging or inhibiting legitimate uses of copyright-protected materials. A lack of data about the extent and impact of these phenomena, known as copyright anxiety and copyright chill, respectively, motivated the authors to create the Copyright Anxiety Scale (CAS). This article provides an overview of the CAS’s development and validity testing. Results of an initial survey deployment drawing from a broad cross-section of respondents living in Canada and the United States (n = 521) establishes that the phenomenon of copyright anxiety is prevalent and likely associated with …

The Corruption Of Copyright And Returning It To Its Original Purposes, Michelle M. Wu

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Since its inception, Copyright has had two purposes: the private interest of the author in being paid for her work and the public interest served by the dissemination of these works. Within the last two decades, though, some industries have systematically undermined both of those interests, redirecting the benefits of copyright towards themselves instead of the intended beneficiaries. This paper looks at the book, music, and entertainment industries, examines how copyright has been used to suppress the uses it was intended to foster, and explores ongoing and proposed avenues for course correction.

Law And Authors: A Legal Handbook For Writers (Introduction), Jacqueline D. Lipton

Book Chapters

Drawing on a wealth of experience in legal scholarship and publishing, Professor Jacqueline D. Lipton provides a useful legal guide for writers whatever their levels of expertise or categories of work (fiction, nonfiction, academic, journalism, freelance content development). This introductory chapter outlines the key legal and business issues authors are likely to face during the course of their careers, and emphasizes that most legal problems have solutions so law should never be an excuse to avoid writing something that an author feels strongly about creating. The larger work draws from case studies and hypothetical examples to address issues of copyright …

Open Access Publishing In The European Union: The Example Of Scientific Works, Nikos Koutras

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Access to information resources and publicly-funded research outcomes have been considered in Europe during the last decade. Open access practice became part of the European institutions’ agenda since 2006 within the final report of the European Research Advisory Board. The Lisbon Treaty (2007) explicitly confirmed the European Union’s commitment to free circulation of scientific knowledge (Article 179 TFEU) and the dissemination of research results (Article 183 TFEU). In this regard, the Horizon 2020 program illustrates the importance of open access policy towards further dissemination of scientific information. The European Commission also introduced in July 2012 a scientific information package to …

Copyright Reform: Imagining More Balanced Copyright Laws, Michelle M. Wu

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Earlier chapters of this book provide a history of copyright and libraries in the United States, a review of outdated language in the existing copyright code, and a discussion of actions by both copyright owners and the public to rebalance copyright outside of legislation. This chapter simply imagines what copyright could be if we disregard the known political and legal obstacles. It starts with no constraints, which one might argue is both impractical and foolish. Why spend time discussing what could be when treaties, self-interest, and powerful industry lobbies stand in the way?

The answer is simply that environments can …

Rent For Rent: Making A Living By Licensing Your Music, Jessica Muñiz-Collado

CAHSS Faculty Presentations, Proceedings, Lectures, and Symposia

Wouldn’t it be great if a composer, music producer, or songwriter could pay their rent by “renting” out their music? This demonstration will simplify the music licensing process, focus on researching music libraries, preparing songs for submissions and much more.

Copyright, Fair Use, And Creative Commons: An Active-Learning Exercise For Studio Art Students, Arthur J. Boston

Faculty & Staff Research and Creative Activity

This article describes an active-learning exercise intended to help teach copyright, fair use, and Creative Commons licenses. In the exercise students use a worksheet to draw original pictures, create derivative pictures on tracing paper, select Creative Commons licenses, and explore commercial usage, fair use, and copyright infringement. Librarian-instructors may find the completed worksheets to be useful aids to supplement copyright lectures; student perspectives will be integral because they are generating the examples used in discussion. Although a scholarly communication librarian developed this exercise to help introduce some basic copyright information to an undergraduate studio art and design class, the exercise …

Copyright And Libraries: Georgia State Copyright Lawsuit, Laura Burtle

University Library Faculty Publications

Overview of the litigation between academic publishers and Georgia State University and the University System of Georgia regarding the use of electronic reserves. The chapter covers the fair use findings of the district and appellate courts and provides background on the case.

The Hidden Transactional Wisdom Of Media Discrimination In Pre-Awcpa Copyright, Kevin Emerson Collins

Scholarship@WashULaw

Media neutrality in copyright’s subject matter means that works of authorship are protected against copying, or not, regardless of the tangible medium in which they are fixed. For example, the same features of a sculptural work are protected regardless of whether they are fixed in a statue or a photograph of a statue. Media neutrality in subject matter is a fundamental and largely unquestioned copyright principle with a firm policy basis under copyright’s dominant incentive-to-create theory. Media discrimination in subject matter undermines in arbitrary ways authors’ ability to recoup their creativity costs over the sale of multiple copies.

This Article …

The Chilling Effect Of Copyright Permissions On Academic Research: The Case Of Communication Researchers, Patricia Aufderheide

Joint PIJIP/TLS Research Paper Series

Communications researchers in the U.S., who routinely analyze copyrighted material, both qualitatively and quantitatively, face challenges from strict copyright. The doctrine of fair use permits some unpermissioned use of copyrighted works. Survey research shows that researchers routinely need access to copyrighted material; that they are often unsure or confused, even unknowing, about fair use; and that this lack of knowledge and/or familiarity leads to both failure to execute and failure to initiate, or “imagination foregone.” Creating a best practices code has improved knowledge but more institutional change is needed for knowledge to inform action.

Crossing The Line?: Copyright For Libraries, Frederick W. Dingledy

Frederick W. Dingledy

No abstract provided.

Reuse, Remix, And Create With Creative Commons Licenses, Andrée Rathemacher

Technical Services Faculty Presentations

Slides from a presentation, "Reuse, Remix, and Create with Creative Commons Licenses," presented at the Rhode Island Library Association Annual Conference 2019, Get Informed!, on May 23, 2019 in North Smithfield, Rhode Island.

An openly-shared Google Slides version of this presentation is also available at https://bit.ly/2w6maqH.

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REUSE, REMIX, AND CREATE WITH CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSES | ROOM 2A

What are Creative Commons (CC) licenses and how do they work? What is the difference between something that is free online and something that is truly “open”? Did you know that it is often a Creative Commons license that puts …

Copyright: Preserve, Protect, And Promote Your Research, Supplemental Resources, Sue Ann Gardner, Paul Royster

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Supplemental sources handed out during a presentation given on April 9, 2019 in the Cottonwood Room, East Union, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Topics: Copyright, Fair Use, Educational use, UNL Digital Commons.

Copyright: A Powerful Tool To Protect, Preserve, And Promote Your Research, Paul Royster, Sue A. Gardner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Conference Presentations and Speeches

Copyright begins at “birth”

You can also register.

The holder of copyright controls the ability of others to distribute: reproductions, derivatives, translations, performance

Length of term = until you die + 70 years

Licensing and contracts

Permissions

Publisher contracts

Creative Commons licenses

Gold Open Access/APCs

Predatory journals

"Can I use this {image / quote / video clip / ...} in my {lecture / course materials / dissertation / ...}” ?

Public domain (= no copyright)

Educational use = Not Infringement

Plagiarism vs. infringement

Fair Use (1): Re-using copyrighted materials in your own work--legally

Fair use (2): The 4 Factors

Who …

Copyright: A Powerful Tool To Protect, Preserve, And Promote Your Research [Lunch And Learn Outline], Paul Royster, Sue Ann Gardner

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Basic copyright: Know your rights; Copyright registration; Rights conferred; Length of term; Infringement

Licensing and contracts: Addenda to copyright that limit or extend your work; Permissions; Evaluating predatory journals; Creative Commons licenses; Gold Open Access/APCs

Fair use: How to fairly and legally use copyrighted materials in your own work; Plagiarism vs. copyright

Educational use: "Can I use this {image, quote, video clip, ...} in my {lecture, course materials, dissertation, ...}"

Copyright considerations, UNL Digital Commons: Publishing: books, journals; Green Open Access