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Articles 1 - 30 of 102
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Women Parliamentarians In India Since 1991: Challenges And Opportunities, Vatsala Bhusry
Women Parliamentarians In India Since 1991: Challenges And Opportunities, Vatsala Bhusry
Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs
India gained a new economic orientation in 1991 following the policy of economic liberalization. It offered the opportunities to close the gender gap in various fields including the political field as visualized in the original goal of the Indian constitution. However, there is an acute underrepresentation of women at the national political level and there is a lack of evidence-based research studies to analyze this gap. This study maps the political trajectories of 13 elected women leaders holding offices at the national level since 2019. To better understand the challenges and opportunities at both macro and micro levels they came …
The Superpowers’ Competition In The Global South: A Historical Perspective, Guljannat Huseynli
The Superpowers’ Competition In The Global South: A Historical Perspective, Guljannat Huseynli
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
Abstract The history of superpowers' competition in the Global South is a complex and multifaceted topic involving the economic, political, and military interests of powerful nations in the developing world. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how superpowers have competed for influence in the Global South from the colonial era to the present day. The paper begins by examining the economic, cultural, and political aspects of different types of colonialism in the example of the US, USSR, and China. This focus shows how their motives have evolved over time. It then looks at the ways in which …
China’S "Greek Gift" To Africa: A Myth Or Reality, Chibuzo Uchechukwu Victor Obasi
China’S "Greek Gift" To Africa: A Myth Or Reality, Chibuzo Uchechukwu Victor Obasi
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Two differing perceptions have dominated explanations of the relationship between China and Africa. The first is often held in the West and sees China as an exploitative force that has latched onto Africa's quest for development partnerships to exploit the continent economically. The second considers the China-Africa partnership more positively and views China as a trustworthy ally. Advocates argue that China has no history of colonial ambitions in Africa. Instead, China intervened in Africa to fill the financing gap and tackle the development challenges in Africa with no political strings attached. Perception of which view is mainly correct depends on …
State Capitalism’S Inability To Alter The Global Power Structure, Michael R. Woods
State Capitalism’S Inability To Alter The Global Power Structure, Michael R. Woods
Student Publications
In the modern day, many nations have instituted State Capitalist policies to grow their economies and increase their international influence. To evaluate the efficacy of this strategy, this paper analyzes the historical impacts of State Capitalism, as well as its effects upon economic concepts, including competition and innovation. This work also analyzes the ways in which State Capitalist policies have negatively impacted the international reputations of nations such as Russia and China and explores the specific national characteristics and circumstances that are required to truly alter the global power structure. Ultimately, the work concludes that state capitalism is unlikely to …
Economics Serving Politics: China’S Belt And Road Initiative In Latin America And The Caribbean, Mariyyah Aqelah Sulaiman
Economics Serving Politics: China’S Belt And Road Initiative In Latin America And The Caribbean, Mariyyah Aqelah Sulaiman
Senior Theses
China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an ambitious program for development across the world. The BRI was rolled out in 2013 and includes bilateral trade agreements, infrastructure projects, and loan programs among other forms of investment and aid. While the examination of the economic success of the BRI is crucial, critically analyzing the larger implications of this initiative is pressing as well. Foreign policy is intricately tied to foreign investment and economic goals. China’s involvement in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) over the past two decades has been noteworthy for the rapid development of economic and diplomatic relations. …
Economic & Social Development And The Benefits Of The Process Of Integration In The European Union: The Case Of Cyprus, Petros Rafael
Economic & Social Development And The Benefits Of The Process Of Integration In The European Union: The Case Of Cyprus, Petros Rafael
Dissertations and Theses
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. An internal single market has been established through a standardized system of laws that apply in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states have agreed to act as one. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services and capital within the internal market; enact legislation in justice and home affairs; and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. It is widely believed amongst European states, that membership …
Putting The ‘D’ Into The Oecd – The Dac In The Cold War Years, Richard Woodward
Putting The ‘D’ Into The Oecd – The Dac In The Cold War Years, Richard Woodward
Books/Book Chapters
This chapter charts the DAC’s Cold War history. During this period the DAC established much of the institutional and intellectual scaffolding of international development cooperation. Moreover, participation in the DAC also orchestrated a quiet revolution in the identities of its members, forging them into an imagined community of donors in which the supply of development assistance came to be seen as a routine function of modern industrialised states. Although the Cold War provided the overarching backdrop, the chapter also teases out some of the other key features of the landscape inhabited by the DAC and how they constrained and enabled …
Canadian Banks And Imperialism In The English-Speaking Caribbean, Tamanisha J. John
Canadian Banks And Imperialism In The English-Speaking Caribbean, Tamanisha J. John
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Canadian banks have been important components of an imperialist system since at least the 19th century. However, their long and rich history of operating as purely exploitative entities in the English-speaking Caribbean region is often overlooked— leading to many incomplete and conflicting narratives about Canada’s role within the global system. I argue that Canada is an imperial actor that exerts agency in supporting a Canadian banking oligopoly both within Canada and in the English-speaking Caribbean. Insufficient attention is given to these Canadian banks, especially considering the power they have wielded in the Caribbean over the centuries. By analyzing the …
Institutional Stretching: How Moroccan Ngos Illuminate The Nexus Of Climate, Migration, Gender And Development, Shelby Mertens
Institutional Stretching: How Moroccan Ngos Illuminate The Nexus Of Climate, Migration, Gender And Development, Shelby Mertens
Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations
The global migration crisis the world has experienced thus far is only the tip of the iceberg. As the earth’s temperature continues to warm and extreme weather conditions worsen, millions of people across the globe will be displaced, and women in particular will face more difficult challenges. What the climate migration literature fails to study is these longer-term impacts beyond sudden onset disasters. Governments and institutions will be forced to respond and adapt to the new reality resulting from the climate crisis. This research provides a case study of Morocco and, by using institutional ethnography, investigates how NGOs working in …
The Impact Of The International Monetary Fund’S 2016 – 2019 Loan To Egypt On The Country’S Development, Anasimon Takla
The Impact Of The International Monetary Fund’S 2016 – 2019 Loan To Egypt On The Country’S Development, Anasimon Takla
Dissertations and Theses
The primary objective of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is growth. The organization and its programs can enable the development of nations across the globe and stimulate growth. However, due to weaknesses in its system with conditions that are offered as blanket solutions for unique problems as well as unequal bargaining terms, the IMF can exacerbate the situation in nations that are already suffering with crises. Following years of unrest after the Arab Spring, Egypt finds itself in an unwieldly position having both vowed to increasing its development as well as introduced major reforms based on IMF recommendations in order …
Tattoos In East Asia: Conforming To Individualism, Morgan Macfarlane
Tattoos In East Asia: Conforming To Individualism, Morgan Macfarlane
The Commons: Puget Sound Journal of Politics
Although Japan, South Korea, and China share a similar history of tattoo criminality spanning thousands of years, in modern times they all hold different legal policies concerning the practice of tattooing. South Korea has the strictest laws, requiring a medical doctorate to legally tattoo, while Japan has only recently reaffirmed the legality of the practice outside of health professionals. China, on the other hand, has few restrictions on body art. This paper explores this interesting difference via observational fieldwork in the major cities of Tokyo, Seoul, Shanghai and Beijing as well as interviews with local people within and outside the …
Remittances And Development: Local Empowerment And National Dependency, Abby Foy
Remittances And Development: Local Empowerment And National Dependency, Abby Foy
International Political Economy Theses
Remittances, or money that is sent by a migrant to their home country, have been increasingly viewed as a potential way to economically develop low to middle income countries. Presently, the level of remittances sent is higher than that of official developmental aid. Considering that remittances are private capital utilized by locals, the intervention of a non-profit or large international financial organization to spur developmental projects is perhaps not needed. For countries that are reliant on remittances, there are a considerable number of tradeoffs associated with this inflow of capital. Firstly, although difficult to quantify on a large scale, remittances …
International Migration, Development, And Policy: Reconsidering Migration Transition Theory—A Way Forward, Karin A. C. Johnson
International Migration, Development, And Policy: Reconsidering Migration Transition Theory—A Way Forward, Karin A. C. Johnson
Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs
Migration transition theories have been contested as they informed immigration policy in the Global North, which—based on assumptions that immigrants from developing countries may be a threat to social stability and economic opportunity—aimed to diminish emigration from the South. Development policies were proposed that could produce a “migration transition” in the South, where it was assumed that improved economic development would act as a substitute for migration and lead to minimal emigration, thus reducing overall immigration to the Global North. However, policies did not result in a migration transition. Acknowledging problematic rhetoric and contradictory policy and outcomes, this paper addresses …
The African State: An Illusory Vestige Of Colonialism, Muhammad K. Otaru
The African State: An Illusory Vestige Of Colonialism, Muhammad K. Otaru
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In a 2006 Interview, prominent Nigerian author, and social commentator, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie said; “…Nigeria was set up to fail. The only thing we Nigerians should take responsibility for is the extent of the failure….”1. Such a view about colonialism and the states it arbitrarily created is widely shared by many on the African continent, who have come to understand that the very creation and existence of the African state are largely to blame for the seemingly countless socio-economic and political issues faced on the continent.
1 Kimber, Charlie, Interview: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. The Socialist Review. (Online, October …
Políticas Públicas De Turismo Sostenible En Costa Rica Durante El Periodo Presidencial De Laura Chinchilla 2010 2014, Nicolás Fierro Chaves, Paula Andrea Leiva Rodríguez, Luisa Fernanda Rodríguez Camacho
Políticas Públicas De Turismo Sostenible En Costa Rica Durante El Periodo Presidencial De Laura Chinchilla 2010 2014, Nicolás Fierro Chaves, Paula Andrea Leiva Rodríguez, Luisa Fernanda Rodríguez Camacho
Negocios y Relaciones Internacionales
El gobierno de Laura Chinchilla en Costa Rica (2010-2014) tuvo un modelo de desarrollo económico, estrategias de promoción turística del país, enfocadas hacia los recursos naturales. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las políticas públicas de turismo sostenible en Costa Rica en los años 2010 - 2014. Para esto, se seguirá una metodología cualitativa, la cual permite construir un marco conceptual de turismo y de políticas públicas para la promoción de este ; en segundo lugar, se efectúa una revisión en la literatura para conocer las políticas públicas del turismo sostenible en este país; finalmente, se realiza una comparación …
Las Comunidades Locales En La Integración Regional: Perspectivas Del Desarrollo En Relación Con La Construcción Del Corredor Vial Pasto-Mocoa Del Megaproyecto Iirsa, Jhon Sebastián Mejía Ferro, Yair Eduardo Otero De La Espriella
Las Comunidades Locales En La Integración Regional: Perspectivas Del Desarrollo En Relación Con La Construcción Del Corredor Vial Pasto-Mocoa Del Megaproyecto Iirsa, Jhon Sebastián Mejía Ferro, Yair Eduardo Otero De La Espriella
Negocios y Relaciones Internacionales
Las perspectivas en relación con el desarrollo de las comunidades locales en los procesos de integración regional se han expuesto desde dos puntos de vista: el primero, una visión neoextractivista en América del sur, según la cual, el desarrollo se genera a partir de la infraestructura, la conectividad y la extracción de recursos naturales (Stiftung, 2014). Por otro lado, la visión y experiencias de las poblaciones locales, en este caso de los indígenas de la región Amazónica, las cuales están estrechamente relacionadas con la perspectiva de desarrollo del buen vivir, que argumenta que el progreso se gesta a partir de …
Theory And Practice In Political Economy: Explaining Continuity In South American Socioeconomic Conditions, Diego Zambrano
Theory And Practice In Political Economy: Explaining Continuity In South American Socioeconomic Conditions, Diego Zambrano
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The socioeconomic history of South America has been traditionally marked by the chronic problems of poverty and inequality. South American states and societies have commonly failed to address these issues effectively, which continue to characterize the region’s socioeconomic outlook today. The persistence of poverty and inequality has created social and political pressures on those designing economic policy, prioritizing short-term “alleviating” mechanisms rather than long-term structural solutions. These same conditions, combined with historical experiences, have created a singular cyclical dynamic in the political economy of the region. In this context, this dissertation explores the underlying causes behind the continuity of such …
Us And The Cold War In Latin America, Thomas Field
Us And The Cold War In Latin America, Thomas Field
Publications
The Cold War in Latin America had marked consequences for the region’s political and economic evolution. From the origins of US fears of Latin American Communism in the early 20th century to the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, regional actors played central roles in the drama. Seeking to maximize economic benefit while maintaining independence with regard to foreign policy, Latin Americans employed an eclectic combination of liberal and anti-imperialist discourses, balancing frequent calls for anti-Communist hemispheric unity with periodic diplomatic entreaties to the Soviet bloc and the nonaligned Third World. Meanwhile, US Cold War policies toward …
Development Finance Institutions As Tools For Foreign Aid Distribution: A Comparative Analysis Of The Overseas Private Investment Corporation, Findev Canada And Deutsche Investitions – Und Entwicklungsgesellschaft, Kamal Mann
Major Papers
An understanding of how foreign aid has changed requires a thorough examination of the efforts taken in aid to address the widening finance gap in development, alongside the often-contested issue of aid effectiveness. This is particularly the case when looking at how aid should be paid for. Yet the question of how to best program and deliver foreign aid remains unanswered.
Aid remains one of the largest aspects of international transfers of resources that occur in the world, as such it is important to study it. The rise of Development Finance Institutions, which are publicly owned, private lending institutions helps …
The Wealth Of Nations And The Advancement Of Collective Security, Kerry Daniel Good
The Wealth Of Nations And The Advancement Of Collective Security, Kerry Daniel Good
Senior Honors Theses
This thesis will address the economic development of countries from the strategic perspective of the United States, and consider how this development will progress overlaid in the context of the Chinese framework for the projection of national power. Using an inter-disciplinary approach, this research will synthesize sources on national security policy and economics, while seeking a Christian apologetic framework to answer these questions: How can the United States promote the economic development of countries in the Asia-Pacific region using a biblical economic-development model, as a part of its national strategy? This thesis focuses on some of the political and socio-economic …
Through Community Eyes: The Transition Of International Organizations From Community Aid To Development In Postconflict Sierra Leone, Whitney Mcintyre Miller
Through Community Eyes: The Transition Of International Organizations From Community Aid To Development In Postconflict Sierra Leone, Whitney Mcintyre Miller
Education Faculty Articles and Research
Sierra Leone experienced an 11-year civil war, brutalizing its people and destroying its communities. With the cessation of violence, international organizations helped to secure peace, deliver aid and supplies, and, after, assist with development projects. This grounded theory study, which aims to understand the role these organizations played from the viewpoint of community members in 2 communities, posits that community members’ regard of international organizations lessened as their efforts transitioned from securing the peace and relief efforts to aid for development. Highlighted are the successes and challenges of this work and a broad discussion of implications and recommendations.
The Digitalization Of Development: Understanding The Role Of Technology And Innovation In Development Through A Case Study Of Kenya And M-Pesa, Kara Schachter
The Digitalization Of Development: Understanding The Role Of Technology And Innovation In Development Through A Case Study Of Kenya And M-Pesa, Kara Schachter
CMC Senior Theses
This thesis analyzes the connection of mobile phone technology to increased economic development in Kenya. Drawing on previous research, I first examine the state of development by analyzing social, political, and economic factors in Kenya in 2007/2008. I then examine the role of technology on these development factors in Kenya by focusing on the rapid rise of mobile money platform M-Pesa and the rise of decentralized banking. This thesis finds that M-Pesa’s success stems from the failure of public trust in traditional institutions, collaboration between the public, private, and nonprofit sector, initial lack of regulation to promote innovation, and heavy …
Evaluating The Relationship Between Conditionality And Foreign Aid Reliance, Rory Ann O'Neil
Evaluating The Relationship Between Conditionality And Foreign Aid Reliance, Rory Ann O'Neil
Honors Theses and Capstones
No abstract provided.
Resource Nationalism And Energy Integration In Latin America: The Paradox Of Populism, Brian Hollingsworth
Resource Nationalism And Energy Integration In Latin America: The Paradox Of Populism, Brian Hollingsworth
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines the relationship between resource nationalism and energy integration, and uses Bolivia and Brazil as a test case. Essentially, does resource nationalism affect energy integration? The findings nest within more expansive questions on international political economy and export-driven models of development. Why do populist regimes, historically operating under an economic nationalist cum protectionist paradigm, simultaneously pursue policies of economic integration? What is the relationship between resource nationalists and open markets, especially in the hydrocarbons sector? What is the relationship between populists, who are typically resource nationalists, and their decision to choose policies of energy integration?
The most common …
The Impact Of Transboundary Water Management On Human Security In Developing States, Meadow Poplawsky
The Impact Of Transboundary Water Management On Human Security In Developing States, Meadow Poplawsky
Summer Research
In recent years, the subject of “water wars” has been often repeated in news cycles as the next major world crisis, and water has been projected as potentially the source of the next world war due to growing world population and increasing scarcity of water resources due to climate change and increasing water use. This study aimed to consider whether major conflict over water is possible within the coming decades and how interactions between developing states who share rivers will impact the lives of those who live in these river basins, using the lens of human security. To study this …
Does Globalization Improve Quality Of Life?, Laura E. Hirt
Does Globalization Improve Quality Of Life?, Laura E. Hirt
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Health Aid In Africa: Placement, Service Utilization, And Benefit, Carrie Dolan
Health Aid In Africa: Placement, Service Utilization, And Benefit, Carrie Dolan
Theses and Dissertations
While the health sector has attracted significant foreign aid, evidence on the effectiveness of this support is mixed. This dissertation examines the allocation of health aid within the context of placement, service utilization, and benefit. The first paper examined the sub-national allocation of Chinese development aid projects across Africa. I determined how political preferencing of Chinese aid specifically, allocating aid to the birth region of the current political leader differs across sectors such as health, education, and transportation. I find some evidence that aid, more broadly defined, is subject to political preferencing in recipient countries, which could potentially limit its …
White Cat, Black Cat Or Good Cat: The Beijing Consensus As An Alternative Philosophy For Policy Deliberation?, Reza Hasmath
White Cat, Black Cat Or Good Cat: The Beijing Consensus As An Alternative Philosophy For Policy Deliberation?, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
Malaysia's Transitional Moment? : Democratic Transition Theory And The Problem Of Malaysian Exceptionalism., Jason P. Abbott
Malaysia's Transitional Moment? : Democratic Transition Theory And The Problem Of Malaysian Exceptionalism., Jason P. Abbott
Jason Abbott
Many theorists of democratization transition have, either explicitly or implicitly, a teleological concept of political progress, liberalization and reform. For such theorists, countries such as Malaysia are therefore in transition towards substantive 'full' liberal democracy. Taken in this light, the significant advances by opposition political parties in the 2008 federal and state elections in Malaysia represent a major advance towards this end goal. While many have highlighted that Malaysia may in fact be an exception to this rule, this paper contends instead that the Malaysian case study challenges the central tenets of democratic transition more profoundly. Indeed, since independence the …
Who Cares What They're Saying: Participation In International Development Analysis, Sari N. Hoffman-Dachelet
Who Cares What They're Saying: Participation In International Development Analysis, Sari N. Hoffman-Dachelet
Lawrence University Honors Projects
Participatory methods are the established methodology in international aid and development. Within this paradigm things that are more participatory are thought of as being more impactful, however, the actual success or failure of any given international project is measured by its evaluation team. These evaluations are vitally important in regards to funding, both for future programs and continuing programs, and in shaping the methodology of future programs. These evaluations are also non-participatory. Do the evaluations impact the lives of participants and how do they reflect “good” development? The measures of impact differ from the measures of success, this project looks …