Increasing Cigarette Excise Tax Prevents Smoking Initiation In Children And Finances National Health Insurance In Indonesia, Ayu Tyas Purnamasari, Pujiyanto Pujiyanto, Hasbullah Thabrany, Renny Nurhasana, Aryana Satrya, Teguh Dartanto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Indonesia has ranked third among countries with the highest number of smokers in Asia because the price of cigarettes in those countries is still affordable. The strategy to make the price of cigarettes is not affordable is increasing cigarette excise tax. This instrument is considered the most effective way to control cigarette consumption. The purpose of this study was to find out how the public perceive the increase of the cigarette excise tax to cover the National Health Insurance (NHI) deficit and to identify the factors which affect such perception. This study used mobile phone survey and the sample were …

Evaluasi Ekonomi Penggunaan Antibiotika Profilaksis Cefotaxime Dan Ceftriaxone Pada Pasien Operasi Seksio Sesarea Di Rumah Sakit X, Echa Aisyah, Mardiati Nadjib

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

A prophylactic antibiotic for patients with cesarean section surgery is highly recommended in the clinical guideline. The use of antibiotics is selected by using criteria safety and cost-effectiveness. This partial economic evaluation in the form of cost and outcome analysis was using alongside observational study method, prospective data were collected from April to May 2017 covering 60 patients with cesarean section surgery who received prophylaxis antibiotics, comparing cost-effectiveness between Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone. The statistical test showed that there were no differences of characteristics in the 60 patients. The analysis based on the hospital perspective carried out in a public hospital …

Determinan Sosial Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Dari Balita Stunting Di Indonesia: Analisis Data Indonesia Family Life Survey (Ifls) 2014, Dini Indrastuty, Pujiyanto Pujiyanto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem in infants characterized by shorter stature compared to their age. Stunting in toddlers has risk at the level of intelligence, vulnerability to disease, lowering productivity which in the long run can hamper economic growth. When adults, children who suffer from stunting are prone to non-communicable diseases. This causes government spending in terms of financing national health insurance to continue to increase. This study aims to analyze the determinants of household socioeconomic factors of stunting toddlers. It used the secondary data of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2014 with cross-sectional study design and …

Determinan Sosial Ekonomi Kepemilikan Jaminan Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Tenaga Kerja Informal Di Indonesia: Analisis Data Susenas 2017, Sri Denti On Madya, Atik Nurwahyuni

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The number of informal workers is higher than the formal workforce in Indonesia. The coverage of working accident protection is still very low while the work accident rate still tends to be high. This study aims to determine the socio-economic determinants of employ ment accident insurance ownership in informal workers in Indonesia. This study used a cross sectional study design with bivariate analysis using the estimation method of maximum likelihood. The Susenas Data (National Socio-Economic Survey) in 2017 is ana lyzed using logistic/logit regression. The variables observed were age, sex, marital status, health, education, regional complaints, and socio-economic/informal labor income. …

Health Workforce Assessment In Jakarta For Effective Hiv Policy Implementation: Challenges And Opportunities Toward Epidemic Control, Rachel Hoy Deussom

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Strategic efforts are needed in Indonesia to implement the recently released human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Test and Treat policy which promotes increased treatment uptake, known to have important economic benefits. Of Indonesia’s estimated 631,635 people living with HIV (PLHIV) in 2018, only 12% are on treatment. The USAID- and PEPFAR-funded Human Resources for Health in 2030 (HRH2030) Program undertook policy analysis and assessed the available health workforce and service delivery at select sites in Jakarta to identify and anticipate Test and Treat implementation gaps. A mixed methods concurrent triangulation design was used, including policy analysis, key informant interviews, and site-level …

"Integrated Science 3002a: Big Bike Giveaway: Changing London's Environment, Health, And Economy One Bike At A Time", Jermiah Joseph, Katelyn Melo, Devanshi Shukla, Tony Nguyen, Katherine Teeter

Community Engaged Learning Final Projects

There are significant benefits that manifest when an individual chooses to ride a bicycle as their primary mode of transportation. To investigate these benefits, the environmental, health, economic, and social impacts of biking were evaluated through research and data analyses. This revealed that numerous advantages can be obtained at an individual and local scale through citizens choosing to adopt a biking lifestyle. However, it was found that many Londoners are deterred from biking due to poor biking infrastructure. This paper calls into question the current cycling framework in London and it’s limitations on achieving the numerous benefits that biking offers. …

Essays On The Factors That Contribute To Body Mass Index, Veronica Salinas

Economics ETDs

Using diet, exercise, consumer behavior, and demographic data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), I examine the factors that contribute to body mass index (BMI) for the adult working age population. In Chapters 2 and 3, I examine how female BMI varies by race and ethnicity. In Chapter 4, I study the effect of food deserts on BMI and obesity for both males and females.

In Chapter 2, I use Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to examine the factors that influence female BMI for the adult working age population. Results indicate 12 of the 40 covariates are strongly …

Sources Of Health Financing And Health Outcomes: A Panel Data Analysis, Tomoki Fujii

Research Collection School Of Economics

We study the differential impacts of public and private sources of health spending on health outcomes using a triple difference approach. We find that private health spending has on average a higher health-promoting effect than public health spending. This result is robust with respect to the choice of outcome measure and covariates in the regression and driven primarily by the countries with ineffective governments. Once we restrict our sample to countries with effective governments, private health spending is no better than public health spending for improving the health outcome.

The Critical Need For Mental Health Education To Be Mandated In New Mexico's Public Schools, Bonnie L. Murphy

Shared Knowledge Conference

Based on a review of research and best practices in mental health awareness and skills, this inquiry project argues for state legislative policies that would require mental health awareness and skills in the K-12 curriculum. Mental health affects individual accomplishments in every stage of people’s lives beginning in early childhood and throughout the life cycle. Prevention and treatment of mental illness plays a key role in the ability of an individual to cope with loss and develop resiliency and perseverance in challenging times and to make better decisions that improve the individual’s life and the lives of those around them. …

Obesity: The Elephant In The Room We Can No Longer Afford To Ignore, Joanie Sompayrac, Katharine Linehart Trundle

Journal of Health Ethics

Everyone pays the price for the obesity-related illnesses of our fellow citizens – through increased premiums on our group health insurance policies, through reduced productivity of our co-workers, through taxpayer support of hospitals that provide indigent care and through soaring Medicare costs, to name a few. The fact that our entire society often ends up paying many of the costs for the obesity-related illnesses of not only ourselves but also our family members, our friends, our co-workers and even strangers raises questions: Why doesn’t insurance pay to help overweight and obese people to make lifestyle changes that could save us …

Determinants Of Usaid Spending, Austin J. Moser

Stevenson Center for Community and Economic Development—Student Research

This paper examines the determinants of USAID’s foreign aid disbursements from 2002-2016. Three noteworthy findings emerge. First, USAID foreign aid is based more on political considerations rather than the policies of recipient countries. Second, foreign aid is determined by location and political history. Third, this pattern emerges across all categories of USAID disbursements.

Kisumu County Hospital Patient Demographic Analysis: Looking Toward Universal Health Coverage, Lauren Scheffey

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Universal health coverage is priority sought after by developed and developing nations alike, and Kenya sits on the list of countries seeking to achieve this goal in the coming years. The definition of “coverage” can vary by country, but three criteria are commonly found in the discussion of UHC globally: access, affordability, and quality. Affordability is determined by the state’s healthcare financing system; quality refers to the services provided by health facilities; and access, at least in part, concerns the geographic placement of health services providers in relation to the population they intend to serve. This geographic element is the …

Does Health Insurance Make People Happier? Evidence From Massachusetts’ Healthcare Reform, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We study the effects of Massachusetts' healthcare reform on individuals' subjective well-being. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we find that the reform significantly improved Massachusetts residents' overall life-satisfaction. This result is robust to various sensitivity checks and a falsification test. We also find that the reform improved mental health. An additional analysis on the Tennessee healthcare reform supports our findings' external validity. Using the reform as an instrument for health insurance coverage, we estimate its large impact on overall life-satisfaction. Our results provide novel evidence on the psychological consequences of Massachusetts' healthcare reform.

Effects Of The Affordable Care Act On Health Care Access And Self-Assessed Health After 3 Years, Charles J. Courtemanche, James Marton, Benjamin Ukert, Aaron Yelowitz, Daniela Zapata

Economics Faculty Publications

Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we examine the causal impact of the Affordable Care Act on health-related outcomes after 3 years. We estimate difference-in-difference-in-differences models that exploit variation in treatment intensity from 2 sources: (1) local area prereform uninsured rates from 2013 and (2) state participation in the Medicaid expansion. Including the third postreform year leads to 2 important insights. First, gains in health insurance coverage and access to care from the policy continued to increase in the third year. Second, an improvement in the probability of reporting excellent health emerged in the third year, with …

Essays On The Economics Of Unhealthy Behaviors, Raul Segura-Escano

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation aims to explore a variety of responses in the form of unhealthy behaviors as a consequence of different sudden events perceived by individuals. The first one is the doubtlessly pure exogenous shock caused by an unexpected terrorist attack, Boston Marathon Bombings. The second one is the turmoil caused by the Great Recession of 2008, which is the most serious economic downturn since the Great Depression during the 1930’s. This dissertation consists of the following two chapters:

Chapter 1: “The Impact of Terrorism on Mental Health and Substance Use: Evidence from the Boston Marathon Bombings” On April 15, 2013, …

Essays On The Market Structure Of The U.S. Health Care System, Ayse S. Diebel

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines the welfare implications of vertical restraints in the U.S. health care market. I focus on two phenomena that influence vertical relationships between hospitals and insurers: vertical integration and vertical bundling. Both of these practices have potential efficiency-inducing and anti-competitive effects from a theoretical standpoint, making welfare implications ambiguous. I analyze their impact on welfare in an empirical setting. This task requires structurally modeling the market by using data on hospitals, insurers, and consumers, and simulating counterfactual worlds free of vertical restraints.

I construct my dataset by combining data from multiple sources. Hospital characteristics come from the American …

The Impact Of Cleft Lip And Palate Repair Surgery On Cognitive And Academic Outcomes For Teens In India, R Jeremiah Maller

Master's Theses

India has a backlog of nearly one million patients in need of cleft lip and palate repair. Unrepaired cleft results in social stigma and diminished health, psychological wellbeing, and academic functioning. Cleft repair surgery has the potential to restore functioning in these domains. However, the magnitude of the social, educational, and economic impact of cleft repair surgery has not been evaluated using statistically rigorous methods. An estimation of the academic and educational impact of cleft repair has implications for the appropriate allocation of public health resources. We analyze original data gathered from teenagers in West Bengal, India using the difference-in-differences …

Health And Healthcare In Nepal: An Analysis Of The Private And Public Sector, Sujita Pandey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Through private and public efforts, there has been considerable improvement in the health and healthcare sector in Nepal. However, the healthcare system in Nepal faces challenges such as limited access and lack of quality healthcare. Although there have been recent efforts to introduce universal healthcare coverage, there is limited evidence on existing systems to properly formulate a policy. To provide a wholistic review of the Nepali health system, we assess both public and private sectors. In 2005, Nepal introduced a financial incentive, called the Safe Delivery Incentive Program, to increase the use of maternity care with the goal of reducing …

Supermarket Retailers’ Perspectives On Healthy Food Retail Strategies: In-Depth Interviews, Olivia Martinez, Noemi Rodriguez, Allison Mercurio, Marie Bragg, Brian Elbel

Publications and Research

Background

Excess calorie consumption and poor diet are major contributors to the obesity epidemic. Food retailers, in particular at supermarkets, are key shapers of the food environment which influences consumers’ diets. This study seeks to understand the decision-making processes of supermarket retailers—including motivators for and barriers to promoting more healthy products—and to catalogue elements of the complex relationships between customers, suppliers, and, supermarket retailers.

Methods

We recruited 20 supermarket retailers from a convenience sample of full service supermarkets and national supermarket chain headquarters serving low- and high-income consumers in urban and non-urban areas of New York. Individuals responsible for making …

The Effects Of The Aca’S Medicaid Expansion And Woodwork Effect On Hospital Finances, Azemina Redzematovic

Theses and Dissertations

With many individuals enrolled in Medicaid through the ACA Medicaid expansion and woodwork effect, this paper estimates the effects on utilization of hospital services and hospital finances. Using a difference-in-differences (DD) instrumental variables model, the results that suggest that increased Medicaid demand does not necessarily equate to increased profits.

The Fight For Birth, Jessica E. Brown

Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Regional Prevalence Of Health Worker Absenteeism In Tanzania, Tomoki Fujii

Research Collection School Of Economics

Absenteeism of health workers in developing countries is common and can severely undermine the reliability of health system. Therefore, it is important to understand where the prevalence of absenteeism is high. We develop a simple imputation method that combines a Service Delivery Indicators survey and a Service Provision Assessment survey to estimate the prevalence of absenteeism of health workers at the level of regions in Tanzania. The resulting estimates allow one to identify the regions in which the prevalence of absenteeism is significantly higher or lower than the national average and help policymakers determine the priority areas for intervention.

Understanding Relationships Between Early Life Toxic Stress, Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage, And Allostatic Load In Adolescence, Amanda King

Dissertations (1934 -)

Chronic disease prevalence among children and adolescents is rising, which is thought to result in part from elevations in allostatic load (AL). AL is the cumulative physiological dysregulation that results from exposure to biological, social and environmental stressors over time. Socioeconomic disparities in chronic disease and AL have been well-documented in adult populations, including links between childhood socioeconomic disadvantage (CSD) and AL, yet little is known as to whether CSD may begin to impact AL earlier in life. Differential exposure and vulnerability to stress among racial/ethnic minorities may increase risk for elevated AL among those experiencing CSD. Framed by the …

Cost Benefit Analysis (Cba) Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (Pmt) Susu Pada Karyawan Di Pt. Trisula Textile Industries Tbk Cimahi Tahun 2018, Ayu Laili Rahmiyati

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) for the process of identification , measurement,comparison social benefits and cost project or investment program to evaluate utilization of scarce economic resources so that it can be used efficiently .This research purposes are calculateing benefits and cost in rupiah from the milk supplementary feeding program (PMT) at PT. Trisula Textile Industries Tbk Year 2018 and deciding feasibility of program or policy sustainability from PMT milk. The research is using quantitative approach. Data collection is done through interviews, observations, and study documents. Calculation is using Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Of Return (IRR), …

Economic Evaluation Of Cetuximab For Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (Mcrc): A Protocol For Evidence Synthesis, Septiara Putri, Ery Setiawan, Siti Rizny F. Saldi, Levina Chandra, Amila Megraini, Vetty Yulianty P

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Colorectal cancer is fairly common compared to other cancers. The incidence and mortality rates are predicted to increase globally. In some cases, cancer can be potentially spread to another organ or metastatic. One of recent available targeted therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patient is Cetuximab (Erbitux ®), combined with chemotherapy. Despite clinical effectiveness, there is the importance of the evidence related cost-effectiveness of therapy. This study aims to summary, synthesize, and systematically review the economic evaluation studies of Cetuximab for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Model based economic evaluation of Cetuximab for metastatic colorectal cancer will be searched and included …

Efektivitas Biaya Strategi Dots Program Tuberkulosis Antara Puskesmas Dan Rumah Sakit Swasta Kota Depok, Fikrotul Ulya, Hasbullah Thabrany

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Global TB notification rate at 2016 was 77% and 46.5% in Southeast Asia. Indonesia last 5 years still remain at 32-33% where Depok City reached 58%. In Depok City, private sector contributed 18.7% of the notified TB case in 2016 although only 40% of private hospitals were involved. The aims of this study is to determine cost-effectiveness of DOTS strategy implementation at private hospital and Public Health Centre (PHC). Comparative study carried out for six months with cohort retrospective between PHC, DOTS and Non DOTS hospitals using 36 samples per group. The calculation of the societal perspective with microcosting based …

Risk Adjustment Of Capitation Payment System: What Can Indonesia Adopt From Other Countries?, Asri Hikmatuz Zahroh

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Capitation calculation in Indonesia is not adjusted by individual and aggregate risk. Without risk adjustment, capitation rates are likely to overpay or underpay primary care. This study aimed to review risk-adjusted capitation payment in other countries for evaluation of capitation payment system in Indonesia. The conduct and reporting of this systematic review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This study used comprehensive electronic search in five databases: Pubmed, Proquest, Scopus, PMC, and EBSCOHost. Search results from five databases in April 2018, yielded a total 19 titles that will continue to review the …

Analisis Kesiapan Pembiayaan Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus Dan Gangguan Jiwa Dalam Mendukung Program Indonesia Sehat Dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (Pis Pk) Tahun 2018-2020, Trihardini Sri Rejeki Astuti, Prastuti Soewondo

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Healthy Indonesia Program with Family Approach (PIS PK) is a way to expand Puskesmas reach and access to health services through family home visit Overcoming non-communicable diseases (NCD) is a national priority in achieving Healthy Indonesia because the prevalence of NCD continues to increase. Managing NCD specifically hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and mental disorders are among the indicators of healthy families in achieving PIS PK.This research uses the qualitative method through in-depth interviews and related document. Analysis of readiness of financing for hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and mental is calculated using costing methode of SPM. The results indicated health spending for PIS …

Congenital Chagas Disease In The United States: Cost Savings Through Maternal Screening, Eileen Stillwaggon, Victoria Perez-Zetune, Stephanie R. Bialek, Susan P. Montgomery

Economics Faculty Publications

Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by insect vectors through transfusions, transplants, insect feces in food, and from mother to child during gestation. Congenital infection could perpetuate Chagas disease indefinitely, even in countries without vector transmission. An estimated 30% of infected persons will develop lifelong, potentially fatal, cardiac or digestive complications. Treatment of infants with benznidazole is highly efficacious in eliminating infection. This work evaluates the costs of maternal screening and infant testing and treatment of Chagas disease in the United States. We constructed a decision-analytic model to find the lower cost option, comparing costs of testing and …

Empirical Essays In Household Economics, Hao Li

Economics Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is consist of three empirical studies in economics. The first part empirically examines the effect of universal pre-k on labor force participation of fertility age women in Oklahoma. I investigate the policy effect from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. I apply the synthetic control method (SCM) to the Current Population Survey (CPS) data to identify the causal relationship between universal pre-k and female labor outcomes. I find that universal pre-k increases labor supply of women aged 25 to 45 in Oklahoma. The second empirical study focuses on how the birth outcomes of US children respond to exposure to …