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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Social Support And Thriving Health: A New Approach To Understanding The Health Of Indigenous Canadians, Chantelle Richmond, Nancy Ross, Grace Egeland
Social Support And Thriving Health: A New Approach To Understanding The Health Of Indigenous Canadians, Chantelle Richmond, Nancy Ross, Grace Egeland
Chantelle Richmond
We examined the importance of social support in promoting thriving health among indigenous Canadians, a disadvantaged population. We categorized the self-reported health status of 31625 adult indigenous Canadians as thriving (excellent, very good) or nonthriving (good, fair, poor). We measured social support with indices of positive interaction, emotional support, tangible support, and affection and intimacy. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to estimate odds of reporting thriving health, using social support as the key independent variable, and we controlled for educational attainment and labor force status. Compared with women reporting low levels of social support, those reporting high levels of …
Narratives Of Social Support And Health In Aboriginal Communities, Chantelle Richmond
Narratives Of Social Support And Health In Aboriginal Communities, Chantelle Richmond
Chantelle Richmond
Societies that foster high-quality social relationships and social support seemingly produce healthier populations. Existing research identifies social support as a significant dimension and determinant of Canadian Aboriginal health, yet patterns of morbidity and mortality overwhelmingly reflect social causes (e.g., violence, suicide), thereby suggesting that social support may not be widely accessible within this population. This paper seeks to understand how broader societal factors (e.g., colonialism) work to influence access to social support in the everyday social environments of Aboriginal communities. Narrative analysis of interviews with 26 Aboriginal Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from across Canada. Sources of social support are institutional …
Social Support, Material Circumstance And Health Behaviour: Influences On Health In First Nation And Inuit Communities Of Canada, Chantelle Richmond, Nancy Ross
Social Support, Material Circumstance And Health Behaviour: Influences On Health In First Nation And Inuit Communities Of Canada, Chantelle Richmond, Nancy Ross
Chantelle Richmond
An expansive literature describes the links between social support and health. Though the bulk of this evidence emphasizes the health-enhancing effect of social support, certain aspects can have negative consequences for health (e.g., social obligations). In the Canadian context, the geographically small and socially interconnected nature of First Nation and Inuit communities provides a unique example through which to explore this relationship. Despite reportedly high levels of social support, many First Nation and Inuit communities endure broad social problems, thereby leading us to question the assumption that social support is primarily health protective. We draw from narrative analysis of interviews …
Health Disparities In Canada Today: Some Evidence And A Theoretical Framework, Katherine Frohlich, Nancy Ross, Chantelle Richmond
Health Disparities In Canada Today: Some Evidence And A Theoretical Framework, Katherine Frohlich, Nancy Ross, Chantelle Richmond
Chantelle Richmond
This paper documents contemporary evidence on patterns of health disparities in Canada and suggests theoretical mechanisms that give rise to these patterns. The overall health of Canadians, as measured by life expectancy or mortality, has improved dramatically over the past 30 years and some disparities have diminished slightly (e.g., life expectancy by income group for men), while others have increased (e.g., diabetes for Aboriginal peoples). Arguably the most egregious health disparities in Canada are those existing between Aboriginals and the rest of the Canadian population. This paper focuses specifically on three social determinants and their effects on disparities in health; …
Explaining The Paradox Of Health And Social Support Among Aboriginal Canadians, Chantelle Richmond
Explaining The Paradox Of Health And Social Support Among Aboriginal Canadians, Chantelle Richmond
Chantelle Richmond
Societies that foster high quality social environments and integration produce healthier populations. The mechanisms underlying the protective effect of social integration appear to be through various forms of social support. Despite reportedly high rates of social support within the Aboriginal population, however, current patterns of health are overrepresented by social ills such as family violence, alcoholism and suicide. This paper explores this paradox through qualitative interviews with Aboriginal Community Health Representatives (CHR's). CHR's narratives point to two key explanations for the health-support paradox: (i) social support is not a widely accessible resource; and (ii) the negative health effects of social …
Community-Based Participatory Research (Cbpr) With Indigenous Communities: Producing Respectful And Reciprocal Research, Joshua Tobias, Chantelle Richmond, Isaac Luginaah
Community-Based Participatory Research (Cbpr) With Indigenous Communities: Producing Respectful And Reciprocal Research, Joshua Tobias, Chantelle Richmond, Isaac Luginaah
Chantelle Richmond
The health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples in Canada continue to grow despite an expanding body of research that attempts to address these inequalities, including increased attention from the field of health geography. Here, we draw upon a case study of our own community-based approach to health research with Anishinabe communities in northern Ontario as a means of advocating the growth of such participatory approaches. Using our own case as an example, we demonstrate how a collaborative approach to respectful and reciprocal research can be achieved, including some of the challenges we faced in adopting this approach.
Hepatitis B In Ghana's Upper West Region: A Hidden Disease In Need Of National Policy Attention, Paul Mkandawire, Chantelle Richmond, Jenna Dixon, Isaac Luginaah, Joshua Tobias
Hepatitis B In Ghana's Upper West Region: A Hidden Disease In Need Of National Policy Attention, Paul Mkandawire, Chantelle Richmond, Jenna Dixon, Isaac Luginaah, Joshua Tobias
Chantelle Richmond
Like many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly prevalent in Ghana. Using qualitative methods, this paper draws from the political ecology of health theoretical framework to examine perceptions and understandings of HBV in the Upper West Region of Ghana. The findings reveal that extremely low levels of knowledge and pervasive lay misconceptions about the disease within this geographic context are shaped by large scale structural influences. Furthermore, in this context there is essentially no access to HBV immunizations, testing or treatment services which reinforces potential routes for the spread of HBV. An explosive spread of HBV …
Formal Dementia Care Among First Nations In Southwestern Ontario, Sara Finkelstein, Dorothy Forbes, Chantelle Richmond
Formal Dementia Care Among First Nations In Southwestern Ontario, Sara Finkelstein, Dorothy Forbes, Chantelle Richmond
Chantelle Richmond
This article explores how dementia care is provided to First Nations communities in southwestern Ontario. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with health care providers and analysed using a constructivist grounded-theory methodology. Two interrelated frameworks for understanding dementia care were identified: a care delivery framework and a knowledge framework. The care delivery framework identified care goals, care elements being provided, care barriers, and strategies and solutions to deliver care and overcome barriers. The knowledge framework defined four groups of knowledge stakeholders: persons with dementia, informal care providers, formal care providers, and the First Nations community. It identified the knowledge each …
Efficacy Of A 3-Hour Aboriginal Health Teaching In The Medical Curriculum: Are We Changing Student Knowledge And Attitudes?, Alysia Zhou, Samantha Boshart, Jennifer Seelisch, Reza Eshaghian, Ryan Mcleod, Jeff Nisker, Chantelle Richmond, John Howard
Efficacy Of A 3-Hour Aboriginal Health Teaching In The Medical Curriculum: Are We Changing Student Knowledge And Attitudes?, Alysia Zhou, Samantha Boshart, Jennifer Seelisch, Reza Eshaghian, Ryan Mcleod, Jeff Nisker, Chantelle Richmond, John Howard
Chantelle Richmond
There is national recognition of the need to incorporate Aboriginal health issues within the medical school curricula. This study aims to evaluate changes in medical students’ knowledge and attitudes about Aboriginal health, and their preparedness to work in Aboriginal communities after attending a 3-hour Aboriginal health seminar. A cross-sectional survey was administered before and after the seminar for Year 1 and 2 medical students at the University of Western Ontario. The survey included four true or false questions and 24 questions using a seven-point Likert scale (1 – strongly disagree, 7 – strongly agree). Eighty two of 130 (64 per …
The Political Ecology Of Health: Perceptions Of Environment, Economy, Health And Well-Being Among 'Namgis First Nation, Chantelle Richmond, Susan Elliott, R Matthews, B Elliott
The Political Ecology Of Health: Perceptions Of Environment, Economy, Health And Well-Being Among 'Namgis First Nation, Chantelle Richmond, Susan Elliott, R Matthews, B Elliott
Chantelle Richmond
Informed by Mayer's (Progr. Hum. Geogr 20 (1996) 441) political ecology of disease framework, this paper investigates First Nation's perceptions of the links between environment, economy and health and well-being. A case study of 'Namgis First Nation (Alert Bay, British Columbia, Canada) is used to explore the risks and benefits of salmon aquaculture for British Columbia's First Nations. Analysis of interview data (n=23) indicates strong links between reduced access to environmental resources, marginal participation in the economy, and declining community health and well being. Results suggest that aquaculture development has further decreased the community's access to environmental resources, thereby restricting …
The Social Determinants Of Inuit Health: A Focus On Social Support In The Canadian Arctic, Chantelle Richmond
The Social Determinants Of Inuit Health: A Focus On Social Support In The Canadian Arctic, Chantelle Richmond
Chantelle Richmond
Objectives. Societies that foster socially supportive networks produce healthier populations. Social support is a significant determinant of health among Canada’s Inuit population; however, little is known about the characteristics that provide access to social support among Inuit. This exploratory analysis describes how 4 types of social support (namely, positive social interaction, emotional support, tangible support and affection and intimacy) differ in relation to various determinants of health. Study design. Micro-data from the Arctic Supplement of the 2001 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (n=26,290) was used. Methods. Cross-tabulations and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine levels (high/low) of the 4 types …
The Determinants Of First Nation And Inuit Health: A Critical Population Health Approach, Chantelle Richmond, Nancy Ross
The Determinants Of First Nation And Inuit Health: A Critical Population Health Approach, Chantelle Richmond, Nancy Ross
Chantelle Richmond
Environmental dispossession disproportionately affects the health of Canada's Aboriginal population, yet little is known about how its effects are sustained over time. We use a critical population health approach to explore the determinants of health in rural and remote First Nation and Inuit communities, and to conceptualize the pathways by which environmental dispossession affects these health determinants. We draw from narrative analysis of interviews with 26 Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from First Nation and Inuit communities across Canada. CHRs identified six health determinants: balance, life control, education, material resources, social resources, and environmental/cultural connections. CHRs articulated the role of the …
Gifts From The Elders: Honouring The Past For A Healthier Tomorrow, Chantelle Richmond, James Fortier
Gifts From The Elders: Honouring The Past For A Healthier Tomorrow, Chantelle Richmond, James Fortier
Chantelle Richmond
“Gifts from the Elders” follows five Anishinaabe youth on a summer research project with their Elders, whose stories guide them on a journey back to proceeding generations that lived a healthy lifestyle off of the land. Their stories chronicle the devastating impact that environmental and cultural dispossession had on the flow of knowledge from Elders to youth, and ultimately on the health of their people. As their summer comes to an end, the youth emerge with “gifts” of knowledge and teachings from their Elders, inspiring a renewed determination to forge a hopeful and healthy future for the next generation.